Mo Yan's teaching plan in the past year

Mo Yan

Class hours: class hours 1 and 2.

Teaching type: new teaching

Teaching tools: conventional and multimedia courseware.

Teaching goal: 1, combining notes and reference books to solve the pronunciation, shape and meaning of words, and completing "thinking and practicing1";

2, combined with supplementary information, understand Mo Yan;

3, overall perception, clear thinking, summarizing the structural characteristics of this paper;

4, study the text, understand the overall characteristics of the past year, familiar with the customs of that year;

5. Sort out and compare the key sentences of the past year and the present year, and understand the feelings expressed by the author.

Teaching emphasis: learn the text, understand the overall characteristics of the past year, and be familiar with the customs and habits of that year.

Teaching difficulties: sort out and compare the key sentences of the past year and the present year, and understand the feelings expressed by the author.

Teaching methods: lecture, reading aloud, question and answer.

Teaching process:

First, the introduction of new courses.

Year, together with many traditional festivals, solar terms and customs in China, is an important part of China traditional culture, so they have always been a common theme in China's literary creation. To put it bluntly, there is cultural connotation in it. I believe I don't need to tell you that all ethnic groups, regions and families have different Chinese New Year customs. Different customs have their own unique origins and stresses, and we can't fully understand them. But for a big China with a population of 654.38+0.4 billion, in the atmosphere of this traditional festival, people's happy feelings and sense of reunion are relatively unified. 20 12 is the Year of the Loong in the year of Renchen, and we in China call ourselves "descendants of the dragon", so this year is very auspicious in terms of the zodiac. Just after the Spring Festival. Can you recall how you spent this year? Are there any interesting customs you can share with us? Please 1-2 students briefly talk about the Chinese New Year customs in their hometown. It may be because people's living standards have been greatly improved compared with the past, and many people feel that the "taste of the year" is not strong. So today we will learn an article and feel the taste of the past year together with the author's narrative. Words on the blackboard: theme, author

Get to know the author's common sense first.

Second, teach new lessons.

1, briefly introduce the author.

Please read note ① on page P 12 of the book, and briefly describe the source of the article and the representative works of the author.

The teacher introduced Mo Yan with teaching AIDS.

Mo Yan (1955 February 17-), formerly known as Guan, was born in Gaomi County, Shandong Province, and was a famous contemporary writer in China. Honorary Doctor of Literature, The Open University of Hong Kong, Visiting Professor, Qingdao University of Science and Technology. He began to rise with a series of local works from the mid-Kloc-0 to the mid-1980s, full of complex feelings of "homesickness" and "resentment", and was classified as a "root-seeking literature" writer. Influenced by magical realism, his works tell a "legend" that happened in the northeast township of Gaomi, Shandong Province. The novella Red Sorghum, published in 1986, received a strong response and was elected as the first "My Favorite Work" in 1986 People's Literature. 20 1 1 In August, Mo Yan's novel Frog won the 8th Mao Dun Literature Prize.

Mo Yan constructed a unique world of subjective feelings in his novels, and created a mysterious transcendental object world with an obvious "pioneer" color through unconstrained narration and defamiliarization.

Main points of blackboard writing: Originally named Guan, a writer of "root-seeking literature". Representative works: novella Red Sorghum, novel Frog, etc.

Although the article only has 10 section, it has more contents. Let's solve the words in the article together.

2. Solve the sound, form and meaning of words.

Please read the whole text silently and pay attention to the sound, form and meaning of important words.

Ask students to complete the book "Thinking and Practice 1" on page P 15. The teacher writes the words on the blackboard and asks a student to take notes on the blackboard, so that the teacher and the students can correct them together.

Luxury (shē)(chǐ) shortage (Jie) sticky (nián) cigarettes (x ū n) (li ǐ o)

Tragic (l ì n) (se ì) nameless (huì) mule and horse (luó) grandiose (mi ǐ n)

Think about (zhēn)(zhuó) God (qí), wealth (shù) and (liǔ).

Chewing clumsily (Zhuū u) Shuttle (Zhuūu) Executioner (guū)

Bean stalks (halberds) are sacrificed (raised).

Please read the words twice.

Ask the students to answer the important words on the blackboard according to the notes in the book.

(1) Shortage: describes lack of money and embarrassment.

(2) high-sounding: it describes the appearance of being solemn and decent on the surface, but it is not.

(3) Name taboo: the names of elders that should be avoided.

(4) Consideration: Repeated consideration and deliberation.

(5) God: "God" is a god, and "God" is a secular god, generally referring to God.

(6) imminent: metaphorically speaking, things are close at hand and very urgent.

3. Overall perception, clear thinking and understanding of structure.

Please read the text in sections and pay attention to the pronunciation of the words just emphasized.

The title of the text is "The Past Year", so it can be seen that this is a retrospective essay, and the author describes the specific situation of the "one year" he spent in his childhood. Question: which section of the article begins to write specifically about how I celebrated the New Year when I was a child and which section ends, which is undoubtedly the main part of the article. Taking this as a boundary, this paper sorts out the ideas of the article.

Clear blackboard writing: The full text can be divided into three parts.

The first part (section 1-2): The article summarizes the relationship between the New Year and the Spring Festival and the significance of the Spring Festival.

The second part (sections 3-9): the main body of the article, what it looks like to write "the past year".

The third part (section 10): At the end of the article, I expressed my feelings about the memories in the background of comparing the past and the present.

As we all know, the Spring Festival is not a day. As far as our current "Year" is concerned, people are most likely to remember the days like New Year's Eve and the first day of the first month, and so on, from the second day of the first month to the third day of the first month ... until the fifteenth day of the first month, that is, the Lantern Festival. In fact, the days before New Year's Eve are also very particular. The author described the customs of these special days for us in the article.

Question: What are the dates around the Spring Festival?

Make it clear and write it on the blackboard: Laba-Cizao Day-New Year's Eve-Spring Festival.

Question: Which paragraphs correspond to each day? This is actually the level of the main part of the article.

Clear book combination: the main part is divided into five levels, namely:

The first floor (the third quarter): Adults and children have different attitudes towards Chinese New Year.

The second layer (section 4): writing Laba.

On the third floor (section 5-6), write the situation of the topic day.

The fourth floor (7-8): Write New Year's Eve.

The fifth floor (Section 9): Write the Spring Festival.

Q: In what order does the article organize these numerous materials? Why?

Clear: The full text is written in chronological order. Because "year" is a concept of time, the past year is somewhat different from the present year, so time is naturally a very important element if you want to write the past year clearly. As a traditional festival, "Nian" has procedures, so the best way to make this festival clear is to follow the objective process of the festival.

Therefore, although the structure of the article is simple and clear, it well expresses what should be expressed, which is also the biggest feature of the structure of this article.

Since the author recalled several important days during the Chinese New Year, let's take a closer look at this part of the article.

4. Learn the text and get familiar with the customs.

Please read the contents on page P 12- 15 carefully and complete "Thinking and Exercise 2".

The third section of the text mentions that adults and children have completely different attitudes towards Chinese New Year. What are they? Why? (You can answer directly in the original sentence or summarize in your own words. )

Clear: Children like and yearn for the Chinese New Year, so they are anxious when waiting for it, but they are very excited when it really comes, because the Chinese New Year can not only eat well, wear new clothes and have fun, but also move towards a glorious period in their lives. Adults don't like or even fear Chinese New Year for two reasons: First, Chinese New Year means a sum of money, and second, the rapidly passing time brings them great pressure, which means that they are slipping into declining years.

Although adults are afraid of the Chinese New Year, they will seriously prepare for all matters related to the Chinese New Year and handle specific matters according to local customs, starting with Laba Festival.

Let the students read Section 4 and think: What is the most important custom of Laba? How does the author deal with this part in the detailed arrangement?

Clear: As the first stop of the twelfth lunar month, the most important custom is to boil Laba porridge. In the article, the author did not mention the origin and specific methods of Laba porridge, but only touched upon it. According to the beautiful imagination of Laba porridge before liberation, he described a big scene-porridge ceremony in detail.

Question: Do you think sending porridge is a grand ceremony? How to understand the author's statement?

Reference: When I was a child, the author didn't realize the hardships of life. He didn't realize that the porridge before liberation was given by temples or charitable families to solve the problem of food and clothing for the poor. He only wants to cook Laba porridge in a big pot. Everyone was hungry, and it was a grand occasion to queue up anxiously in the cold wind, so he imagined that he could join this grand ceremony, temporarily forgetting the hunger and cold, but his heart was full of joy.

Supplementary knowledge of "Laba porridge": Laba porridge, also known as "Qibao Wuwei porridge", comes from India. The history of China drinking Laba porridge began in Song Dynasty and flourished in Qing Dynasty. Different places have different practices, especially in the north. Foods mixed in white rice generally include: red dates, lotus seeds, walnuts, longan, red beans, ginkgo, peanuts, almonds, pine nuts, hazelnuts and so on. After laba porridge is cooked, it should be offered to the gods and ancestors first, then to relatives and friends, and finally eaten by the whole family.

Summary: For children, the fun of Laba may come more from the temptation of food.

It says on the blackboard: Laba-Boil Laba porridge.

"In another half month, Laba will be the day of resignation." So, what are the things to do on the day of resignation and what are the customs? Let's watch parts 5 and 6 together.

Ask two students to read these two paragraphs separately.

Question: According to the author's description, please summarize the custom of no cooking day.

Write it clearly on the blackboard: Cizao Day-going down to jiaozi, offering sacrifices to the stove and burning the horse's head.

The custom of "giving dates" is a little more complicated than Laba. For children, the temptation of delicious food comes from jiaozi, which is not often eaten on weekdays, while the custom of offering sacrifices and sticking stoves creates a mysterious atmosphere for the Year. This mystery comes from people's awe of ghosts and gods and ignorance of the religious world.

Please tell the ceremony of the stove in your own words.

Reference: "Give a stove", as the name implies, is to bid farewell to the kitchen god. Every year on the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, Kitchen God will report to the Jade Emperor about his family's work, study and life. Therefore, before he goes to heaven, there will be a ceremony to send the Kitchen God at home, with offerings, such as jiaozi, Guandong sugar, red dates, cakes and so on. Then the housewife led the whole family to burn incense and pray, saying, "Kitchen God, Kitchen God, go to the Jade Emperor in heaven." Say good things when you enter the palace, and you will be lucky when you go home. "Then, the statue of the kitchen god was burned at the gate together with the yellow paper, and then a new kitchen god horse head was affixed, and the whole ceremony was completed.

Teachers can supplement the origin of the custom of "giving creation" (also known as "off-year").

After the resignation day, the most important New Year's Eve will be ushered in in seven days. Sections 7 and 8 of the text are all about the customs and ceremonies of New Year's Eve. Let's take a look at this part.

Question: What are the important things to finish from afternoon to midnight on New Year's Eve?

Make it clear and write it on the blackboard: New Year's Eve-wrap jiaozi, go to the grave, put incense burners, candles and offerings in front of the hanging home shaft, get up in the middle of the night, put on new clothes, start cooking New Year's Eve, set off firecrackers to worship the gods of heaven and earth, kowtow to the elders and eat jiaozi.

Question: Among these customs, what do your family do and what do not do during the New Year? Please answer freely.

Obviously, the custom of New Year's Eve is more complicated than Laba and magnetic stoves. So, Q: Which of these customs express people's reverence for ghosts and gods? Please understand them one by one.

Make it clear and write it on the blackboard: Go to the grave-please go home for the New Year.

Visiting the church-offering sacrifices to ancestors

Put a doorstop stick-stop the ancestors' horses

Don't speak loudly or say unlucky things-this is closely related to the fortune of your family in the coming year.

Don't pull the bellows when cooking New Year's Eve-it will spoil the mystery.

Burn firewood, bean stalks, etc. -children will be promising when they grow up.

Setting off firecrackers, wrapping jiaozi, burning paper and kowtowing-offering sacrifices to the gods of heaven and earth.

If there was a temptation of delicious food before Laba and Cizao Day, then in all the customs of New Year's Eve, the contents described by the author more reflected the mysterious atmosphere of last year. New Year's Eve on the 30th of the twelfth lunar month is the last day of the old year. People say goodbye to the old year with a grand and complicated custom, and then of course they should greet the new year with a happy mood, which is called saying goodbye to the old year and welcoming the new year. Then, ask: Is there anything interesting to do on the first day of the New Year? Section 9 of the article gives us an explanation. Let's look at this section.

Make it clear and write it on the blackboard: Spring Festival-pretend to be the god of wealth and collect it.

On the first day of the first month, when families get together to eat jiaozi, beggars will dress up as the God of Wealth, say some auspicious words at the door and beg jiaozi to eat. However, families should not be stingy with jiaozi for good luck. The idea that "I" want to play the God of Wealth fully embodies the innocent childlike innocence of children.

Conclusion: I believe that everyone knows something about the past year in the author's detailed description. On some specific days, such as Laba, Cizao, New Year's Eve and Spring Festival, the things, scenes, people's actions, people's thoughts, detailed descriptions and general descriptions of the atmosphere written by the author are all very detailed, bringing readers back to the past years.

5. Compare past and present, and experience emotions.

The past year has its own laws, and the present year also has its own laws. This article is the author's memory of his childhood Chinese New Year scene, but he will also bring his thoughts back to the present in his writing. Please look for it. What are the sentences in the article that compare the past and present years together? What kind of emotion did the author express?

Qing: Some sentences in section 10 of the text. For example: "Now, jiaozi can eat it every day if you like. Without the attraction of eating, the interest in the New Year has gone to most "; Another example is: "Without the temptation of delicious food, mysterious atmosphere and innocent childlike innocence, there would be no fun for the New Year"; Another example is: "The kind of Chinese New Year that we miss, now children are not interested, they have their own happy year".

In this contrast, the author's feelings are completely revealed: the past year was poor, but there were hopes, expectations, differences from the usual, and many customs and habits, so there were many poems and many stories, which showed an extraordinary year and its significance in people's lives, and all these have now been lost. Nowadays, people are rich, but less interesting and poetic.

Third, the class summary

Through the study of these two classes, we have learned some past years and some Chinese New Year customs that we have not experienced personally. In fact, it is not the most important whether there is a custom of Chinese New Year, more or less. Perhaps, in this article, the author's written expression is not only to let us know the customs of the past years, but also to reflect on some traditional cultures in China. There are many words we emphasize in the study of the article, please consolidate them.

Fourth, homework

1, copy the word 3 times;

2. Explain the words;

3. List the Spring Festival customs of at least three ethnic minorities.

4. Complete the exercises in the study guide.

Take it if you like.