What's the name of winter on the solstice?

Winter solstice is also called short solstice, winter festival and sub-year

Winter solstice, also known as winter festival, big winter, sub-year, off-year and long-term festival, has a long history. People call it off-year, because November is the first month of Zhou Daijian, which is the beginning of a new year, and Qin and Han Dynasties continued to follow its system. This concept has been passed down to this day, and the name of winter was renamed Winter Festival and Sun in Han Dynasty. From the Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Tang and Song Dynasties, the winter solstice was called the beginning of half a year or a year.

The winter solstice is one of the traditional twenty-four solar terms in China, which lasts from 22nd to 23rd in the solar calendar. According to astronomical interpretation, the sun reaches the winter solstice at 270 degrees of the yellow meridian and yellow latitude, and the sun shines directly on the tropic of Capricorn, with the shortest day in the northern hemisphere. After that, the direct sunlight moved northward, and the days became longer and longer. The traditional concept of yin and yang in our country thinks that the cathode is sunny and the sun is south, and it is getting longer and longer. These natural phenomena become the support of colorful winter solstice activities.

Historical origin

China's astrological culture has a long history and is profound. The twenty-four solar terms were originally formulated on the basis of changing stars. In different seasons and at different times, the Big Dipper will point in different directions, that is, "bucket handle points to the East, and the world is spring; Guide to barrel handle, it's summer in the world; Bucket handle refers to the west, and the world is autumn; The barrel handle refers to the north, and it is winter all over the world. "Twenty-four solar terms" is the product of ancient farming civilization, which is related to the time of dry farming and gossip and has a long history.

During the period of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty, the "Twenty-four solar terms" were absorbed into the taichu calendar Law as a supplement to guide the agriculture in the northern part of the Central Plains, and the "Twenty-four solar terms" were measured by Tugui's solar shadow measurement method in the Yellow River basin. The current "24 solar terms" are determined according to the position where the sun returns to the ecliptic.

That is, on a 360-degree circle "ecliptic" (the apparent path of the sun on the celestial sphere for one year), the vernal equinox starts at 0 degrees, and every time the sun runs on the ecliptic 15 degrees is a "solar term". In the process of inheritance and development, the 24 solar terms have been incorporated into the lunar calendar and become an important part of the lunar calendar.