How to cultivate sweet potato seedlings and methods

The methods of sweet potato seedling can be divided into two kinds: potato root seedling and vine overwintering seedling, but the general operation is similar. Generally, seedlings are raised in the open field about 30 days before planting. In order to improve the survival rate, fertilizer and water should be controlled 2-3 days in advance, and the seedlings should be ventilated in the sun to strengthen the robustness of cuttings and the resistance to adverse environment.

First, sweet potato seedling time

In terms of solar terms, the time of sweet potato seedling raising is generally around the time of fright to Qingming.

In terms of months, the sweet potato seedling raising time is generally around March, which can be carried out in the southern region where the temperature rises rapidly and the spring temperature is high, while in some areas in the north where the temperature rises slowly and the spring temperature is low, it needs to wait until April.

As far as the specific seedling temperature is concerned, because sweet potato is a crop that likes temperature and is afraid of cold, the root system can grow and develop normally in the environment of 15-25 degrees.

If the soil temperature is lower than 10℃, the sweet potato root system will not grow and develop normally. Therefore, it is best to wait until the soil temperature below 5- 10 cm is stable above 15℃ for several days.

Second, the method of sweet potato seedling raising

The methods of sweet potato seedling can be divided into two kinds: potato root seedling and vine overwintering seedling, but the general operation is similar. Generally, seedlings are raised in the open field about 30 days before planting.

1, potato root seedling method

When the sweet potato is harvested in autumn, according to the size of the seedling area, select enough potato roots with strong stems and vines, developed roots, no freezing injury and no pests and diseases.

Then leave 2-3 nodes from the top to each of these selected potato roots, remove leaves, leave petioles of 1-2 cm, and plant them on the seedbed in greenhouse for ditching.

Ditching method can be carried out according to the method of ditch width of 20 cm, ditch depth of 20 cm and ditch spacing of 80 cm, and planting density can be carried out according to the plant spacing of 20 cm and the density of 8000 plants per mu.

After the sweet potato roots grow new buds and vines, each sweet potato root selects three full and strong buds and vines, and then artificially ties the vines and leads them to the rack for cultivation.

Wait until about 15-25 days before planting sweet potatoes, or wait until the sweet potato vines grow to about 1.5-2 meters, and then pick the sweet potato vines and cut them into leaves.

However, it should be noted that every two segments of potato vines should be cut into 1 segment, and after defoliation, the petiole with the length of 1-2 cm should be kept, and then bundled and planted in soil of about 5 cm.

Wait until about 10 days before sowing sweet potato, sprout from the upper part of sweet potato vine, grow new roots from the lower part, and then transplant to the ground.

2. Wintering seedling raising method of lianas

After the sweet potato is harvested in autumn, according to the size of the seedling area, the vines with strong stems and vines, no freezing damage and no pests and diseases are selected and cut into two sections with 1 section.

Remove leaves from vines, keep petiole length 1-2, soak in 50% carbendazim and other water solutions for 3-5 minutes, then take them out to dry and bury them in shallow pits.

Finally, cover with wet fine sand, and then cover with plastic film or plastic film for heat preservation. When the soil temperature reaches 15 degrees in the second year, dig up the soil and plant vines. After the vines grow new buds and roots, transplant them into the ground.

When transplanting sweet potato seedlings, in order to reduce the harm of diseases to the seedlings, 50% carbendazim or 70% thiophanate methyl can be used to dip or soak the roots before planting.

3. Matters needing attention in sweet potato cutting

1, it is best to choose cloudy or rainy days for cutting, and cutting is not allowed at noon when the light is strong and the temperature is high.

2. In order to improve the survival rate, fertilizer and water should be controlled 2-3 days in advance, and the seedlings should be ventilated in the sun to strengthen the robustness of cuttings and the resistance to adverse environment.

3. When cutting sweet potatoes, the soil should be kept moist, and the soil humidity is about 70%, which is most conducive to the survival of cutting seedlings.