What are the origins of the three major festivals?

Tomb-Sweeping Day originated in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. It is a traditional festival of Han nationality in China and one of the 24 solar terms in China. The time is around April 5 of the Gregorian calendar every year. After Tomb-Sweeping Day, the rain increased, and the land showed a scene of spring and tranquility. At this time, everything, whether it is the vegetation in nature or the human body in natural places, has changed the filth in winter, ushered in the breath of spring and realized the transformation from yin to yang.

In ancient times, it was said that the day before Tomb-Sweeping Day was the "Cold Food Festival". According to legend, it began in the Spring and Autumn Period when Jin Wengong mourned meson pushing "cutting stocks to satisfy hunger", and then gradually the Qingming cold food became one. The date of grave sweeping in the Tang Dynasty was generally on the Cold Food Festival, and it was moved to Qingming after the Song Dynasty. Legend has it that the origin of "Cold Food Festival" is Jiexiu in central Shanxi. The origin of Jiexiu is to commemorate Jietui's "cutting stocks to feed his hunger" and finally died here in Yamakaji, so Mianshan is also called "Jieshan".

According to legend, after Dayu's flood control, people used the language of "Qingming" to celebrate that the flood had been eliminated and the world was at peace. At this time, spring blossoms, everything recovers, and the sky is clear and bright, which is a good season for spring outing. Going for an outing began as early as the Tang Dynasty and has become a habit throughout the ages. In addition to enjoying the beautiful lakes, mountains and spring scenery, we also carry out various entertainment activities to increase the interest of life.

The custom of sweeping graves is very popular in Tomb-Sweeping Day. In fact, sweeping graves is the content of Tomb-Sweeping Day's Cold Food Festival the day before. According to legend, cold food originated from Jin Wengong's mourning for the ruler. During the twenty years of Emperor Xuanzong's reign, he ordered the world to "eat cold food in the ground". Because cold food is associated with Qingming, it gradually spread to sweeping graves in Qingming. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, grave sweeping became more popular. In ancient times, children often flew kites when sweeping graves. Some kites are equipped with bamboo flutes, which can make a sound when the wind blows, just like the sound of kites. It is said that this is the reason why kites get their names.

There are many lost customs in Tomb-Sweeping Day, such as wearing willow, shooting willow and swinging, which have been circulating for a long time in ancient times. According to records, Tomb-Sweeping Day was the most important custom in the Liao Dynasty. From the imperial court down to the common people, people liked to swing, and ladies gathered, and the wind of outing was extremely prosperous. & gt& gt

After the founding of New China, people pay homage to the tomb of the martyrs and remember the revolutionary ancestors on this day.

Dragon Boat Festival

The fifth day of the fifth lunar month, commonly known as the Dragon Boat Festival, means "beginning" and "beginning". The fifth day can be called Dragon Boat Festival. In the lunar calendar, the earthly branch marks the moon, the shade is built in the first month, February is the base, and May is noon in turn, so May is called noon month, and "five" is connected with "noon", and "five" is also the yang number, so the Dragon Boat Festival is also called Dragon Boat Festival, Worship Wu, Duanyang, Noon, Worship Wu and Noon Day. In addition, it is also called May Festival, Ai Festival and summer in some places. According to historical records, the word "Dragon Boat Festival" first appeared in the local custom of Jin people and Zhou Dynasty: "Dragon Boat Festival in midsummer, cooking millet." Dragon Boat Festival is a traditional festival of Han nationality in China. The necessary activities of this day gradually evolved into: eating zongzi, dragon boat racing, hanging calamus and mugwort leaves, smoking Atractylodes rhizome and angelica dahurica, and drinking realgar wine. It is said that eating zongzi and dragon boat racing is to commemorate Qu Yuan, so after liberation, the Dragon Boat Festival was named "Poet's Day" to commemorate Qu Yuan. As for hanging calamus, wormwood leaves, smoked atractylodes rhizome and angelica dahurica, drinking realgar wine is said to suppress evil spirits.

Today, the Dragon Boat Festival is still a very popular grand festival among the people of China. Since 2008, Dragon Boat Festival has been a national legal holiday. The state attaches great importance to the protection of intangible cultural heritage. On May 20th, 2006, this folk custom was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.

Mid-Autumn Festival

According to historical records, ancient emperors had a ritual system of offering sacrifices to the sun and the moon in spring, and the word "Mid-Autumn Festival" first appeared in the book Zhou Li. It was not until the early years of the Tang Dynasty that the Mid-Autumn Festival became a fixed festival. The Book of Emperor Taizong recorded the Mid-Autumn Festival on August 15. The prevalence of Mid-Autumn Festival began in Song Dynasty. This festival falls on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month, which is exactly half of that of Sanqiu, hence the name "Mid-Autumn Festival", also called "Mid-Autumn Festival". Because this festival is in autumn and August, it is also called "Autumn Festival", "August Festival" and "August Festival". There is also the belief in praying for reunion and related holiday activities, so it is also called "Reunion Festival" and "Daughter's Day". Because the main activities of Mid-Autumn Festival are around the moon, it is also commonly known as Moon Festival, Moon Festival, Moon Festival, Moon Festival and Moon Festival. In the Tang Dynasty, the Mid-Autumn Festival was also called "correcting the moon". About the origin of Mid-Autumn Festival, there are roughly three kinds: it originated from the worship of the moon in ancient times, and the custom of singing and dancing under the moon to find a spouse is the legacy of paying homage to the land god in ancient autumn.

August 15th is the middle of autumn, so it is called Mid-Autumn Festival or Mid-Autumn Festival. The moon on August 15 is rounder and brighter than the full moon in other months, so it is also called "moonlit night" and "August Festival". On the eve of Mid-Autumn Festival, people try their best to reunite with their families, which means bimonthly. August 15 is also called "Reunion Festival".

the Spring Festival; Chinese New Year

Spring Festival is the most grand and distinctive traditional festival in China, generally referring to New Year's Eve and the first day of the first month. But among the people, the traditional Spring Festival refers to the sacrificial ceremony from the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month or the 23rd or 24th of the twelfth lunar month to the 15th of the first lunar month in La Worship, with New Year's Eve and the first day of the first lunar month as the climax. During the Spring Festival, Han people and many ethnic minorities in our country will hold various activities to celebrate. The main contents of these activities are offering sacrifices to gods and buddhas, paying homage to ancestors, saying goodbye to the old year and welcoming the new year, and praying for a bumper harvest. The activities are rich and colorful, with strong national characteristics.

The state attaches great importance to the protection of intangible cultural heritage. On May 20th, 2006, the folk custom of "Spring Festival" was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.