Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - The 24 Solar Terms - perpetual calendar

perpetual calendar

Perpetual calendar is a kind of calendar reference book which arranges solar calendar, lunar calendar and image calendar together correspondingly. Check the perpetual calendar, mainly when using the calendar.

Chronology of Ganzhi is the oldest calendar in China. It is based on the astronomical phenomena, conforms to the phenological characteristics and reflects the rise and fall of the five elements. In many disciplines, it plays an irreplaceable role in other calendars. It has special practical value in the fields of traditional Chinese medicine, qigong, Zhouyi mathematics, farming, calendar and so on. Whenever cadres' discipline is needed and users don't have a perpetual calendar, they are often at a loss.

As long as you remember the Song formula of 14, you can quickly calculate the time of one year. This method of quick mental calculation of perpetual calendar is called "silver disk", which is a perpetual calendar speed algorithm created by folk magicians. It has a long history. In the past, it was dictated by teachers and apprentices, and it was forbidden to spread abroad. Here, we put the "silver plate" together and make it public to further explore the mystery.

"Silver plate" is a method to calculate the time of dry and branch according to the lunar calendar.

The lunar calendar is divided into a big moon and a small moon, with a big moon of 30 days and a small moon of 29 days. If the abortion factor is not considered, the lunar calendar lasts 60 days in two months, which is consistent with the number of 60 groups of a nail, that is, one nail can be overlapped every two months. According to this rule, knowing the daily stems and branches on the first day of the first month of a certain year is equivalent to knowing the daily stems and branches on the first day of March, the first day of May, the first day of July, the first day of September and the first day of November, and the daily stems and branches on the first day of these months should be the same (if there is a leap month, the minutes change slightly every month) because there are abortions in the lunar calendar, as long as you know how many abortions there are in a certain year,

Psychological calendar, we must understand the following four points:. (1) year and year; (2) the daily expenditure on the first day of the first month; (3) The date and time of beginning of spring; How many months are there in a year?

The Silver Plate solved the above four problems satisfactorily in only fourteen words. In order to keep secret, the creator of the "silver plate" adopted "encryption" when compiling the formula, that is, the same branch often uses multiple names. In doing so, firstly, it provides more phonology and makes the songs rhyme. And more importantly, it uses "encryption" for this heart algorithm. Many appellations in the same place are used interchangeably, and outsiders can't understand them even if they hear them.

"Silver Plate" not only encrypts the appellation of earthly branches, but also sets some abbreviations of related months to facilitate memory and control the number of words in songs. In the month, it can be called "golden cicada". In addition, when encountering a leap month, it is represented by front, back and double respectively. For example, the last five fingers leap in May, the first three fingers leap in the first three months, and the second seven fingers leap in the first two July.

It is found that there is a certain law between solar terms and lunar months, which can be revised. As long as the corresponding correction value is added, the holiday date of any solar term throughout the year can be counted from the Spring Festival. Most solar terms are within an hour. There will be several hours' error in the calculation of individual solar terms, but achieving such accuracy through careful algorithm can fully meet the actual requirements. The ancients had stipulated a correction number, which was not very accurate. After careful calculation, the author redefines the correction value. Song formula is:

Beginning of spring has always had its roots.

The third time, when the stab is backward,

You know, Tomb-Sweeping Day,

You don't need to add or subtract to be a dragon altar.

Eight o'clock is long summer,

Retreat for two days,

It's light summer at four o'clock in the third day.

For five days in autumn, there is no food and clothing.

The 5th 10 will be handed over to the Millennium,

At 5 o'clock on the 6 th, in the open air,

At 7 o'clock on the 6 th, the winter festival began.

It snowed at four o'clock on the sixth.

At 9 o'clock on the 5th, I caught a slight cold.

The calculation will not take half a day.

The above is the calculation of different solar terms from the time of the Spring Festival, and different time correction values need to be added. Knowing the revised values of the twelve solar terms from beginning of spring, and then according to the song "Silver Plate Fish", we can calculate the node time of any solar term in a year. Knowing the node time, you can determine the beginning of a year.

Take 1957 as an example, calculate the beginning of winter time and determine the year and month of the main branch.

The song "Silver Plate" says: "Ding You Guimao is the fifth snake, and the wooden bureau has used the knife four times to declare ugliness." "Silver Plate" means: 1957-year-old Ding You, whose main branch is Gui Mao on the first day of the first month and beginning of spring on the fifth day of the first month. October, February, June, leap August, April, July and December are abortion months, and that year is leap August.

The beginning of the Winter Festival is October Festival, because it is in August of that year, so the beginning of the Winter Festival is in the middle of September of the lunar calendar, beginning of spring is on the fifth day of the first month of that year, and beginning of winter is on the fifth day of the ninth month. Beginning of winter has experienced five miscarriages before (September 29th, October 30th). First, five days were added, and the revised value was six days and seven hours, which was the beginning of winter time.

The date in beginning of winter is: September 5th at 4: 00+(5th)+(6th at 7: 00) = September17th.

According to the "five tigers capture" regulation, the dry month is the month of 1911. Taking 1938 as an example, the solar term time of awn species is calculated and the years and months of trunk and branches are determined.

The song "Silver Plate in" says: "Five Yin Guihai is on the fifth day, Ewing Longyang is on the seventh day".

"Silver Plate" means: 1938 years old, Erwuyin, the first day of the first month is Guihai, and beginning of spring is on the fifth day of the first month of that year. April, August, March, June, the seventh day and November of that year were abortions, which were leap July of that year.

The Miscanthus Festival is May Festival. Mangzi experienced two small moons in March and April, and the correction value was one hour after two days. On the fifth day of the first month of spring, the fifth day of May is designated as the Miscanthus Festival. The crossing time of the Miscanthus Seed Festival is: May 5th+(two days)+(two days-1 hour) = May 9th. According to the "Five Tigers Capture" regulation, the dry month is Wuwu month.

"Silver plate" is a mental calendar method created by China ancestors in social practice. As long as you master sixty jiazi's hot exercises and memorize fourteen words, you can work out a year's calendar. Memorize hundreds of words (dozens of songs) and you can calculate a calendar for decades. It can be said that learning this method, that is, having an almanac on your chest, is of great practical value. Nowadays, academic exchanges are strongly advocated, and we can completely get rid of the "silver disk" encryption method, re-edit the songs, make them more concise and easy to remember, let more people master the heart calendar, and let this secret hidden in the people serve the society.

Attention; The ancient songs in this paper are provided by Mr. Luan Changming from Feicheng, Shandong Province.