Geographical comprehensive analysis of the role of Amazon rainforest in Brazil

Adjust the climate, prevent soil erosion and purify the air. Biodiversity Tropical Rainforest is like a huge throughput machine, which devours a large amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted by the world every year and produces a large amount of oxygen. The Amazon rainforest is therefore called "the lung of the earth". If the Amazon forest is completely cut down, the oxygen for human survival on the earth will be reduced 1/3.

The tropical rain forest is like a huge water pump, which absorbs a lot of water from the soil and then discharges it into the air through transpiration. In addition, forest soil has good permeability and can absorb and retain a lot of precipitation. The fresh water stored in Amazon rainforest accounts for 23% of the total fresh water. Excessive logging will cause soil erosion, soil desertification and soil erosion. Some areas in northeastern Brazil have become the driest and poorest places in Brazil because of the destruction of large areas of forests. In Peru, due to the destruction of forest stumps, 4,300 major mudslides and 1993 landslides broke out between 1925- 1980, and the direct death toll reached 46,000. At present, 3000 square kilometers of land and 20 cm thick topsoil are still washed into the sea every year.

In addition, the forest is a huge gene pool. Among the100000 species on the earth, 2-4 million species live in tropical and subtropical forests. There are 42,000 species of insects in the sampling area of only about O.08 square kilometers in the Amazon River Basin. There are more than 12OO species of different plants in the Amazon rainforest per square kilometer, and 1/5 of the animals and plants on the earth grow here. However, due to the deforestation of tropical rain forests, at least one species disappears there every day. It is predicted that with the decrease of tropical rain forests, at least 500,000-800,000 species of plants and animals will be extinct after the lunar year. The loss of rainforest gene bank will become one of the greatest losses for mankind.