Earth and solar terms

(1) As can be seen from the figure, when the earth revolves to ①, the sun rays directly hit the Tropic of Cancer, which is the summer solstice in the northern hemisphere, that is, the summer in the northern hemisphere, and the time is around June 22nd. When the earth revolves to ②, the sun shines directly on the equator. At this time, it is the autumn equinox in the northern hemisphere, that is, autumn in the northern hemisphere, and the time is around September 23rd. When the earth revolves to ③, the sun shines directly on the Tropic of Capricorn, which is the winter solstice in the northern hemisphere, that is, the winter in the northern hemisphere, and the time is around 65438+February 22nd. When the earth revolves around ④, the sun shines directly at the equator, which is the vernal equinox in the northern hemisphere, that is, the spring in the northern hemisphere, and the time is around March 2 1;

(2) Reading Figure 2, we can see that the days in the northern hemisphere are longer than the nights, and there are polar days in the Arctic Circle. This number corresponds to position ① in figure 1, and the date is around June 22nd every year.

So the answer is: (1) 1234 solar terms, summer solstice, autumn solstice, winter solstice and vernal equinox, latitude pointed by the tropic of cancer, equator of the tropic of cancer, and equator (2) is long; Extreme day; ①; 6; 22.