What fruits were there before the Han Dynasty?

Five Fruits: Before the Han Dynasty, many fruits were recorded in historical materials, such as peaches, plums, plums, apricots and dates, which were listed as five fruits for offering sacrifices to immortals in the Book of Rites. China is the hometown of peach trees. Around the tenth century BC, there was a saying in the Book of Songs Feng Wei that "there are peaches in the garden, which is really confusing". It is recorded in Erya that Mei and Li are mentioned in Land of the Five Realms, and Erya was written in the Warring States Period. Plum trees have been cultivated in Zhejiang for more than 2500 years. According to the records in Wang Zai Mei in Qing Dynasty, "Jiaxing is the land of Gu Mei, and the plum is also named after the fruit in the Spring and Autumn Period", which shows that Jiaxing has produced plum in the Spring and Autumn Period. According to ancient records, apricot has been cultivated in China for at least 3500 years, and its domestication and cultivation was earlier. Apricot almond medicine was founded in the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and the history of jujube is even longer. According to unearthed cultural relics, jujube cultivation began 7000 years ago. According to a large number of ancient documents, as early as 3000 years ago, the working people in ancient China regarded jujube as an important cultivated fruit tree. In the Warring States period 2500 years ago, jujube has become an important fruit and a commonly used Chinese medicine. It is a tribute to the vassal and a greeting to the vassal.

Grapefruit: China is the earliest country to cultivate grapefruit artificially. There is a record of "Yangzhou-the West Palace of Precious Pomelo" in the summer book, and there is also a statement in Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals that "the beauty of fruit is the dream of pomelo", which shows that pomelo has been cultivated in China for at least 3,000 years.

Chestnut and hazelnut: Chestnut, also known as chestnut, is a specialty of China. The physical remains of chestnuts were found from the Neolithic site in Anbanpo, Xi 'an, which has a breeding history of more than 6,000 years. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, planting chestnuts was very popular. Hazelnuts were also found. Hazelnut is one of the four largest dried fruits in the world (walnuts, almonds, hazelnuts and cashews) and has the reputation of "king of nuts". The utilization of hazelnut in China has a long history, and related written records appeared in the Book of Songs in the 10 century BC.

Pear: According to the ancient books such as The Book of Songs and The Book of Qi Yaomin, the history of pear cultivation in China has been more than 4,000 years. Among all fruits, pear is called "fruit pie" because pear is the only fruit that occupies a place in the 24 solar terms. Pear trees were planted in China as early as the Zhou Dynasty, which was recorded in The Book of Songs Qin Feng Morning Wind. Bamboo slips unearthed in Mawangdui, Changsha recorded pear trees planted more than 265,438+000 years ago.

Hawthorn Tree: 1982, a paleolithic ancient human cultural site, namely Sifang Cave, was discovered in Yingshouyingzi mining area, and the site was excavated for the first time. A total of 575 stone tools and animal bones 1765 have been unearthed in the upper and lower cultural layers, and are currently collected in the National Museum. At that time, the ancient human culture here was very prosperous, and the local wild hawthorn had already been eaten.

Persimmon: 1 10,000 years ago, the persimmon stone unearthed in Pujiang Mountain, Zhejiang Province, and the persimmon stone unearthed in Luotian Mountain 6500 years ago. These persimmon stones were cleaned out from the food residue mixture. It is enough to prove that persimmons were only collected and eaten in the wild at that time.

Melon: Before the Han Dynasty, melons, bitter melons and gourds were all called "melons". Xiaoya Bei Nanshan: "There are thatched cottages in nakata and melons in the battlefield. It was the emperor who stripped and offered it. Great-great-great-great-grandson's life test is subject to heaven. " This is a "peeling melon" ceremony, which is a kind of ceremony. "Calm Wind Dongshan": "There are bitter melons and steamed chestnuts." Bitter gourd obviously refers to bitter gourd.

Mulberry: Mulberry is one of the fruits with a long history in China, which can be traced back to 2000 years ago. Mulberry is the royal tonic of Emperor China. China is the first country in the world to plant mulberry and sericulture, and it is also one of the great contributions of the Chinese nation to human civilization. Mulberry has been cultivated for more than 7000 years. In Shang Dynasty, characters such as mulberry, silkworm, silk and silks appeared in Oracle Bone Inscriptions. By the Zhou Dynasty, mulberry picking and sericulture had become an ordinary farm work. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, mulberry trees were planted in pieces.

Lycium barbarum: The poem "Xiaoya Zhan Lu" is a poem in which a guest used Lycium barbarum, red dates and Chinese parasol trees to praise the noble status, prominent position, upright virtue and heroic natural temperament of a "gentleman" when the nobility held the inauguration ceremony of the ancestral temple. In The Book of Songs, Zhan Lu, the poet associated the crystal-clear and bright red Lycium barbarum with the sacred ancestral temple sacrifice and the drunken grand banquet, and sang a hymn, which made people feel that Lycium barbarum and wine became the symbol of vigorous passion, the ritual climax of the grand banquet and the soul guide of the sacred sacrifice. During the Western Zhou Dynasty, Lycium barbarum became popular in people's spiritual and material world and in social life at that time. Lycium barbarum is one of the eight auspicious plants in China folk culture.

Shaguo: Shaguo, also known as fruit and bonus, originated in the Yellow River valley of China and has a cultivation history of more than 2,000 years.

Cherry: China is the origin of cherry in China, with a cultivation history of more than 3,000 years. The earliest historical record of cherry is the Book of Rites and the Moon Order of the Zhou Dynasty: "It's the moon (midsummer moon), and the son of heaven tastes young millet, so it's a shame to recommend Han Tao to sleep in the temple first." Zheng Xuan, a master of Confucian classics in the Eastern Han Dynasty, noted that "Han Dao, cherry also." "Huai Nan Zi Shi Zexun" said: "Shame on Han Tao." In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the high lure note was "Han peach, which was called Han peach because of the warbler contained in the food." Cherry has been cultivated in China for more than 3000 years, also known as Niutao, Zhu Tao, Litao, Cherry, Tao Jing, Wedge Peach, Cherry, Zhu Ying and Han Tao. According to Shuowen, orioles like to eat and peck cherries, so they are named "Cold Peach" and "Cherry", and later homophonic "Cherry". It is said that when the ancient kings harvested cherries, they didn't want to taste them early, but used them to worship their ancestors first and then ate them with their ministers. It can be seen that the precious degree of cherries at that time was extraordinary.

The fruits mentioned above may not be detailed enough, but it is enough to prove that there are many kinds of fruits eaten in ancient China. For example, bananas, pineapples, apples and tomatoes imported from abroad after the Han Dynasty are also deeply loved by people in modern society. Perhaps it is precisely because of human's constant exploration and exploration of good food that a variety of recipes have been formed today. Knowing the age of these fruits, as a senior foodie, do you cherish the food on your opponent?