Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - The 24 Solar Terms - Lantern Festival prose
Lantern Festival prose
In my hometown, it is a habit to celebrate the New Year after the fifteenth day of the first month. Lantern Festival undoubtedly pushed the festive atmosphere of New Year's Eve to a climax. On the night of the Spring Festival, people celebrate it and celebrate the continuation of the Spring Festival. According to the data, the Lantern Festival appeared in the Han Dynasty and has a history of more than 2,000 years in China. In the Tang Dynasty, lantern appreciation was popular. Lu Zeng, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote in "Watching Lights at Fifteen Nights": "In the Han Dynasty, the stars fell like a moon hanging from a building." Wrote the bustling scene of midnight snack and lamp appreciation. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Lantern Festival, Spring Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival were called the three traditional folk festivals in China. "Round" means full moon, "Xiao" means night, so Yuanxiao means the night of the first full moon in a year. On the Lantern Festival, people eat Yuanxiao to celebrate the festival and symbolize family reunion. In addition, there are folk entertainment activities such as hanging lanterns, solve riddles on the lanterns, welcoming children, walking on stilts, lion dancing and dragon dancing. Lantern Festival is also called Shangyuan Festival or Lantern Festival.
Lantern Festival is a traditional custom of our people. Throughout the ages, there are not only a large number of popular Yuanxiao poems, but also countless interesting Yuanxiao couplets. In the Northern Song Dynasty, a man named Jia Sidao was guarding Huaiyin (present-day Yangzhou). One year, lanterns were put on the Lantern Festival, and a guest chose Tang poetry as lanterns, saying, "Three-minute moonlit night, Little Red House in Yangzhou." It is said that this couplet is the earliest lantern couplet in China. Since then, people all over the world have followed suit. Hanging wall lamp couplets and door lamp couplets on the gates or conspicuous pillars not only adds festive interest to the Lantern Festival, but also increases the appreciation content for the people who enjoy the lanterns.
In the Qing Dynasty, people from Tongcheng, Anhui Province and Zhang were known as "Bachelor of Father and Son, Second Prime Minister", and both of them were good at poetry. One year during the Lantern Festival, Zhang Fu decorated lanterns and set off firecrackers as usual. The old prime minister issued a joint survey, "The high fever red candle reflects the sky, bright, and light is everywhere." When Xiao Ting was imagining things, she heard the sound of fireworks outside the door, and suddenly realized, saying, "The low fireworks shook the earth with a loud voice and went up to the sky in one breath." The antithesis is neat and seamless, which is wonderful.
Perhaps the most fascinating story is the story of Wang Anshi's wonderful alliance in the Northern Song Dynasty. When Wang Anshi was 20 years old, he went to Beijing to take the exam. He passed a place during the Lantern Festival. As he walked, he admired lanterns. He saw a large family with lanterns and couplets hanging under them to attract relatives. Lian Yue said: "Run with a lantern, the lantern will move and the lantern will stop." When Wang Anshi saw it, he couldn't answer it at the moment, so he kept it in his heart. When I arrived in Beijing, the examiner showed the flying tiger flag fluttering in the wind to "flying tiger flag, flying tiger flag, rolling tiger flag." Wang Anshi responded, recruited relatives and was taken as a Jinshi. I passed by that house when I returned home. I heard that there was still no one to match my relatives, so I contacted the examiner and recruited me as my husband. A pair of coincidental couplets actually made Wang Anshi's two happy events.
A song is like the sea, and a million lights are like the night. "There are countless poems praised by literati in past dynasties, which are still very interesting to read today. The fifteenth night of the first month by Su Weidao, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, has the words "The fire tree and the silver flower are combined, and the star bridge is locked". Dark dust goes with the horse, and the bright moon comes. "It depicts a scene of colorful lights, bright moonlight, tourists weaving and excitement. Zack Zhang, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, once praised: "The door of the calyx building is full of rain and dew, and Chang 'an is safe. The dragon holds a thousand lights in the fire tree and the chicken steps on the lotus. " Describe the scene of enjoying the Lantern Festival to the fullest. Li Shangyin used the poem "The Imperial City is full of moonlight lights, and the treasures of horses and chariots overflow the thoroughfare" to describe the grand scale of watching the lights at that time. Commendable, should also be the first Tang Dynasty poet Cui Ye's "Yuan Ye", jade does not rush to leak copper pot, iron lock gold lock. Who can sit on the moon and smell the lights? Although there is no positive description of the Lantern Festival, it contains a very happy and lively scene.
The Lantern Festival in the Song Dynasty is even more grand, and the Lantern Festival is even more spectacular. Su Dongpo has a poem saying: "Lights are everywhere, songs are everywhere." Fan Chengda also wrote in a poem, "Wutai was a prosperous place and preferred the Lantern Festival." The "shadow lamp" in the poem is the "running lantern". Xin Qiji, a great poet, once wrote a poem praising the grand occasion of the Lantern Festival. "Thousands of trees bloom in the east wind night, and flowers are raining." BMW carved cars are full of incense. Bagpipes move, jade pots turn and fish dragons dance all night.
The poetic and romantic Lantern Festival is usually associated with love. Among the poems of past dynasties, there are many poems expressing love through Yuanxiao. Ouyang Xiu in the Northern Song Dynasty wrote, "On the first night of this year, the moon lights remained unchanged; I didn't see it last year and cried Man Chun's shirt sleeve. " Expressed the pain of missing your lover.
On the fifteenth day of the first month, the Lantern Festival is lively, and the key to the festival is the word "lively". In 1980s, in order to enrich the holiday life of residents in the mining area, every year, employees in the mine organized entertainment activities such as greeting drums, walking on stilts, dancing lions and dragon lanterns. At the sound of gongs and drums, all the children in the mine lined up and ran all over the mine. Wherever the team went, every family set off firecrackers to welcome the totem of the whole mining area, which became a beautiful scenery in the mining area festival. With the rapid development of network information and the diversification of various entertainment activities, the mine has not held dragon dance activities for many years, and the mine in the festival is suddenly deserted. After watching the ridiculous spoof of entertainment programs on TV, people show their love for traditional folk entertainment activities, their excitement and their rich cultural heritage.
Besides watching lanterns for entertainment, there is also the custom of eating Yuanxiao. Yuanxiao is also called Tangyuan, Shuotuan and Zi Yuan. Eating dumplings on the Lantern Festival was first seen in the sequel to the Plain written by Song Bida, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. There is a record in the book that "the food cooked in Yuanxiao is rich, but it seems that the predecessors did not give it." The floating ring in Song Dynasty was also called Tangtuan. By the Southern Song Dynasty, there were only lactose pills, yam pills, pearl pills, sand pills, kumquat pills, pink water pills, glutinous rice balls and so on. I remember it was quite difficult to eat glutinous rice balls when I was a child. My mother often grinds millet into rice balls and cooks them for us in a porridge pot. Although this kind of jiaozi has no taste, it is equally sweet in the case of poor materials. Now that the conditions are good, you can buy all kinds of fashionable jiaozi in the supermarket. There are Miss, Daoxiang Village, Sanquan, Holiland and Wanchai, and the variety is complete. There are sweet and pleasant black sesame dumplings, refreshing and lubricated sesame dumplings, sweet and sour appetizing hawthorn dumplings, sweet bean paste dumplings, sweet and delicious lotus seed dumplings and sweet jujube paste dumplings. There are also fashionable chocolate jiaozi, barbecued pork buns, lotus fragrance jiaozi and Wuren jiaozi. ...
The fifteenth day of the first lunar month is the first full moon night in a year, and it is also the traditional Lantern Festival in China. Jiaozi, white and round, is round and round, which symbolizes reunion and happiness. For today's people, the Lantern Festival is not only a festival for eating and playing, but also the inheritance of a national wisdom crystallization culture.
Chapter 2: Lantern Festival is everywhere. People in the deep mountains of Qinling Mountain attach great importance to traditional festivals, especially the first of the four seasons and the first grand festival after the New Year.
Five years is as fast as lightning. As soon as the "Breaking Five" was over, Zhang Nuo began to get up and prepare for the Lantern Festival. I really admire the word "noisy", which is the finishing touch and vivid. People are like tides, cars are like dragons, and traffic is crawling on the street. What is shoulder to shoulder, what is sweating, what is a sea of people, it seems that words are always unsatisfactory. Noisy, shouting, tired of eating big fish and big meat, becoming more brittle and more like a euphemistic oriole, with a sharp increase in magnetism. Today, in this busy city, the protagonist has changed his gender and women are dominating the sky.
The long street turned into a sea of red lanterns. The sea is crowded with people, and the lanterns are surprisingly beautiful, making it difficult for people who choose lanterns to move quickly. It seems that only by staying in this queue can they keep the New Year, have a good Lantern Festival and hold a new spring in their arms at once. There are animals and plants, birds and beasts, flowers and birds, fish and insects, Mei Lan, Zhu Ju and Tang Yan, Mickey Mouse, the Monkey King the old crow, Pig Bajie and Tang Priest. This year's lanterns are particularly attractive to children. Children always want to stay in the atmosphere of the New Year for a long time, never grow up, just like cartoon characters in fairy tales, always cute. From those naive faces, we can find the accurate answer.
Do you know how important lanterns are to women? Most of them come from rural areas. Rural women found this wonderful city trip before they visited the city to do new year's goods. When they come, they don't want to rush home. The sun is still high anyway. Now the traffic is so convenient that they get on the bus in Tongcun and sit at home. Besides, the last bus is still early. There are all kinds of lanterns. It is not easy to choose a pair that is economical, durable and satisfactory in the ocean of lanterns. Women are natural financial experts. They choose their own lanterns after comparison and appraisal, and they are willing to pay the price until they choose their favorite lanterns.
The folk custom of lanterns stands in people's hearts like the majestic Qinling Mountains. When a daughter has her first child, grandma must "send a lamp". Grandma sends lanterns, which means that children live a long life, and Fulu Xi Shou accompanies them all their lives; This kind of lantern is delivered for three years at a time. In the first year, you buy a lantern, and in the second year, it is also one. The third year is called three years. When the lanterns are full, you must send a pair of lanterns to represent perfection. Lantern must also be equipped with flowers and candles. This middle-aged woman must have sent lanterns to her grandson. Look how carefully she chose!
Young women carry their children in "bags" on their shoulders, and even go with the flow in the crowd like mother kangaroo. Even pregnant women are still crowded in the crowd. It seems that they are not crowded, and it is not the Lantern Festival. If they don't squeeze their strength, they can't disperse. Before the lantern stand, it almost became an impenetrable human wall. Curious children, the more they can't reach the lanterns hung high, the more they have to pick them up with their feet and reach them with their hands. The result is very disappointing. Fortunately, the child is the most forgetful and then turns his eyes to another lantern stand. Adults have to be extra careful when children divert their attention. If you are not careful, you don't know that you are squeezed into the ocean of lanterns.
In the sea of lanterns, rural women are willing to make efforts to choose and bargain. On the first day of the first month, they came prepared and had enough time, energy and wisdom. The delicious food of the New Year, the stalwart of men and the joy of the New Year moisten everyone's spirit and make everyone open their eyebrows and eyes confidently. If the vendor of lanterns is a big shot, even if the beauty is delicious and beautiful, can he stand the beauty pestering the mill for the sake of prosperous business? I have to "reluctantly give up what I love". I will get rid of the "ecstasy" in front of me early, concentrate on it, bite my teeth, and simply push the lanterns to the lowest price and sell them to smart women. Stop here, small profits but quick turnover. Rural women are naturally happy and secretly happy, but they refuse to show their white teeth. This secret can't be revealed.
Once the lantern seller is a very clever woman, it's hard to say. Women and women are equal, just like meeting a heavyweight weightlifter. Without confrontation, there will always be an arm-wrestling at least half a catty to 820. Anyway, the children have a crush on this pair of lanterns. At the moment, even if they are given a pair of golden lamps, the children will not change them. Rural women have to crustily skin of head to bargain, fair and square, and will argue, stripping their wives to thousands of layers.
The child has long been impatient, and the mother is still bargaining. Finally, I got the lantern, and I need the stall owner to simply "train" how to switch the lantern and how to change the battery. The lanterns in the electrified era have been electrified to OK, and besides, there is no manual and no simple training, okay? I don't know when the paper lanterns in the past have quietly withdrawn from the busy city of lanterns. Besides, paper lanterns can't stand a lot of trouble. If you are not careful, or the wind blows wildly, once the candle lit in the lantern falls, it will immediately lead the lantern, and the lantern will immediately become a burning fireball. The child's instinctive reaction is to put out the fire immediately. Although the fireball went out soon, can such lanterns continue to explode everywhere?
Chapter 3: Lantern Festival It is said that I have known the traditional festival of Lantern Festival since I was a child, but I have never experienced the "excitement" of the fifteenth day of the first month since I was a child. Life was hard when I was a child, and people in the city didn't pay much attention to the Lantern Festival. On the fifteenth day of the first month, every household bought some Yuanxiao, either boiled or fried. Families with better conditions, as well as the new year's goods left over from the Spring Festival, take them out and cook some good dishes. The family sat around in a lively way and said it was a holiday, but in the young Italian center, it was a farewell. Farewell to festivals and Spring Festival.
After fifteen, everything will return to normal. The so-called return to normal, the brothers and sisters who go home in the countryside for the New Year are going home, and the days of big fish and big meat are coming to an end. Life will return to normal again, and the annual Spring Festival of family reunion is over. Therefore, the Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first month of each year is not so much a celebration as the beginning of another farewell, which is of great significance. Although everyone understood each other tacitly and tried to avoid the topic of parting, there were traces of sadness in the low-pitched conversation. So when I was a child, Lantern Festival was a pain in my heart and the most unpleasant festival of all.
For families with poor living conditions, it is just to add Yuanxiao to their usual vegetable rice. Although a bit dull, but also the lack of deliberately hidden sadness.
The firecrackers prepared for the Chinese New Year are basically used up, that is, there are three or five two kicks and four or five firecrackers. So there are not many things to attract children. However, after dinner, the children will also have a lantern made by themselves, or made of glass jar or red paper. No matter what style, they will light candles in it, support it with sticks and take pictures everywhere, especially in dark corners. They will keep repeating in their mouths: "Take pictures, take pictures, take pictures of caterpillars. My head hurts." It is said that such photos can keep bugs away for a year. This should be the only fun and excitement of the Lantern Festival, right?
Later, I learned from the mouth of adults that the fifteenth day of the first month is a very grand festival in rural areas. Dragon lantern dance, yangko dance, lantern festival, drama singing, many programs, non-stop for three or five days, very lively, can be called a "lively" word. Although I envy and yearn for it, I can't feel the noise because I'm not in it, so I live a quiet Lantern Festival happily.
When it comes to Lantern Festival, we can't help talking about Yuanxiao. At that time, the Lantern Festival was single in variety, single in style, round and white, unpacked, and sold in bulk, so people could only buy it in restaurants. Every Lantern Festival, the hotel will concentrate manpower and material resources in advance to produce Yuanxiao in large quantities for the public to buy.
I have bought Yuanxiao many times, and I was lucky enough to see the making process of Yuanxiao with my own eyes. The so-called making of Yuanxiao is to put the dumpling stuffing cut into squares into a container filled with flour (sticky rice flour) and keep digging. With the rotation, the dumpling stuffing is full of flour, which is Yuanxiao. A better Yuanxiao, with a little flour and a thin layer of skin, tastes big and thin; Second, the flour is wrapped layer by layer, and you can't bite the stuffing. Even when people enjoy Yuanxiao, they often eat it without stuffing, which is quite frustrating. But don't complain, this is by no means fraud. There were no counterfeit banknotes at that time. The reason why "fake Yuanxiao" can appear is that individual flour sticks together in the rolling process to form a knot and is bought back as Yuanxiao, which is purely due to the production process.
I didn't eat jiaozi when I was a child, and I even heard of it when I was quite old. Like Yuanxiao, they are the exclusive food of Lantern Festival. Later, I often ate glutinous rice balls, which I thought was more delicious than Yuanxiao. At least, everyone has stuffing. Later, I learned about the making process of glutinous rice balls, only to know that glutinous rice balls have stuffing because they are wrapped in jiaozi one by one, and of course it is impossible to have no stuffing.
Now on the Lantern Festival, I still choose dumplings, which has little to do with whether there is stuffing or not, but with the softness of dumplings. Nowadays, people are in a fierce competitive environment, working hard and occasionally having leisure. Who doesn't want more intimacy and comfort?
Tangyuan is good. Now the stuffing of glutinous rice balls is more delicious. Only the unexpected, nothing can't be bought. Moreover, glutinous rice balls have become a popular family food, and they are sold in supermarkets all year round.
Tangyuan has all kinds of benefits, but I haven't heard of anyone frying it. This should be the place where jiaozi is inferior to Yuanxiao, right? When I was a child, when I was celebrating the Lantern Festival, people who were a little more particular would specially fry some Yuanxiao to eat. Fried Yuanxiao is a technical job. With the increase of oil temperature, Yuanxiao gradually heats up and expands in the oil pan, and some loosely wrapped Yuanxiao stuffing will splash out from the blasted hole. High-temperature syrup will get on the limbs, which is a serious burn. Therefore, every year, Yuanxiao is fried and scalded, but every year, people still take risks to fry and eat, and the temptation of delicious food is endless. As the old saying goes, people die for wealth and birds die for food. It really makes sense.
Now that the Lantern Festival is over, although the country is the only folk festival that does not list the 15th day of the first month as a public holiday, with the improvement of living standards, people's attention to this festival is also on the rise, and various forms of celebrations emerge in an endless stream, which can be called a "noisy" word.
One of the manifestations of noise is consumption. Businessmen do propaganda and citizens follow suit. This kind of snapping up is not limited to food, and even food has been eliminated by some people, who have turned their attention to clothing, luxury goods and even Wan Wen. China people continue the custom of snapping up food in the past Spring Festival, and instead snap up other commodities. Although Italy is not in this ranks and will never enter this ranks, it does not exclude such snapping up and consumption. When people's living standards are gradually rising, we always give them a reason to experience the satisfaction after consumption and the gratitude to the country and society. Why not take advantage of the Lantern Festival?
The second form of noise is setting off fireworks. Now, the setting off of fireworks in Lantern Festival has gradually shifted from individual behavior to legal person behavior. Especially those private enterprises, the benefits are good and they want to be better this year; Those who have bad benefits want to turn over this year. Therefore, on the last day of the time limit for setting off fireworks, those oversized fireworks and firecrackers will be set off in Tongqu Street. The height, size and dazzling degree of fireworks are no less than the effect of professional salute. Of course, the RMB is also big. What you want is eye-catching, which means amazing. Moreover, this momentum is getting worse and worse. In some busy business districts, during the Lantern Festival, traffic is often blocked because people set off fireworks in the streets. However, people no longer worry about congestion, but stop to watch, which is what they like;
The third form of noise is a celebration organized by the government. With the improvement of people's living standards, the government has changed its concept and implanted the concept of having fun with the people into its work. Therefore, on the day of universal celebration, organize traditional programs such as floats, yangko teams, dragon lanterns and lantern festivals, and even extract festive programs that were not available in the city in the past. Please come to the city to celebrate the Lantern Festival together.
As Yuanxiao and Tangyuan become more and more exquisite, people's lives will become more and more exquisite. I thought this was everyone's knowledge.
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