Why did1October 1582 disappear?

1582, in order to solve the "time difference" problem of the earth's rotation cycle, the new Gregorian calendar jumped 10 days from 10 of that year. "Oh my God! I want to live less 10 days! Give me back 10 days of life! People shouted slogans and took to the streets to protest. After the promulgation of the new Gregorian calendar, the British Parliament passed a resolution to use the new calendar, which naturally aroused the dissatisfaction of the "noble" British. Many people lost 10 days of "life span" for their lives, and they were sad and angry. Protesters poured into the streets ... It seems that the British who "never built an empire" hundreds of years ago really won't "settle accounts"! The calendar "jumped" back to 10 days, so those who died after 65438+February 22 that year will die next year! It is equivalent to living for "one year".

Strictly speaking, what disappeared was not1October 1582, but the ten days from June 1582 to1October 5 to June 14 in the Gregorian calendar (A.D.). The article is a bit long, but it is really useful. )

Every nineteen years, your lunar birthday and solar birthday will coincide with the year when you were born.

In fact, in the whole history, this situation has appeared many times. I will elaborate from the reasons for the disappearance of 10 day, the development of China calendar and the existing calendar. I hope fans can like it and communicate with each other.

The reason why1.158210/0-0/0-0/0 days disappeared is related to our current calendar, not disappeared, but artificially erased.

There are two kinds of artificial statements, one is calendar revision, and the other is the end of the world.

1, let's take a look at a more scientific statement-10 day was erased due to calendar revision.

Birthdays are always celebrated according to the solar calendar, that is, the Gregorian calendar, but in the older generation, they are generally based on the lunar calendar, that is, the lunar calendar. Because the current calendar in the world is the Gregorian calendar, that is, the year when Jesus was born is the first year of the Gregorian calendar (but after some research, it is believed that the year when Christ was born should be 6-4 BC), so these ten days are not available in all historical records now, but because of the existence of lunar calendar, Buddhist calendar, Islamic calendar and so on. Strictly speaking, it is not 1582 10 months. For example, in 2020, the date is 65438+ 10/1,the hijri calendar (Islamic calendar year) is February 24th 1442, and the hijri calendar has not yet arrived at 1582, so naturally there will be no history. (This is not an argument, but a rigorous point of view, because everyone has subconsciously recognized that 1582 is the Gregorian calendar. )

Before 1582, the calendar used by Europeans was called julian calendar. At that time, the priest in charge of promulgating the almanac in Rome made a serious mistake and misunderstood the "leap three years" stipulated in the original calendar as "leap three years". From 45 BC to 9 BC, there should have been 10 leap years, but they set 13 leap years.

The earth goes around the sun once (that is, a tropical year), and the actual time is 365.2422 days. Then according to julian calendar, its average length is (365+365+365+366)/4=365.25 days. Compared with the tropical year, julian calendar has 0.0078 days more each year, namely 1 1 min 14 seconds. Although this calendar is very accurate, there are still errors, and there will be one day deviation every 128 years. In the16th century, this deviation reached 10 days.

So in 1582, Pope Gregory XIII revised the calendar again. He took a simple and rude method-erasing it directly from the calendar. This 10 has become a blank in history. Later, this calendar has been used and spread to the whole world with the new world system dominated by the West.

There is another saying, that is, to avoid the end of the world.

We know that the Mayans predicted that 20 12, 12, 2 1 was the end of the world, 10 days after the disappearance of 10, 20 12, 18/later. Of course, this statement can only be regarded as an idea after a meal.

Second, the development of the calendar in China. Here I will elaborate from the perspective of the development of the calendar in China. In fact, if the China calendar directly continues the "Ancient Six Calendars", the phenomenon of missing ten days will be even more. Let's find out. Personally, the development of China calendar shows a trend of gradual transition from solar calendar to solar calendar and lunar calendar.

At first, the ancients began to have the concept of a day when the sun rises and sets in the west. The ancients' concept of years and months was much later than that of days. Then when a simple calendar appears, there will often be 15 months or other situations in a year. Of course, we are now thinking about the ancients from the perspective of the Gregorian calendar, which is debatable.

China is the first country in the world to use calendars. According to historical records, there are 99 kinds of calendars, most of which have been lost. The earliest existing calendar is the ancient Yin and Yang calendar of the Zhou Dynasty. The so-called lunar calendar is actually equal to the lunar calendar. That is, the "solar calendar", also known as the "solar calendar", takes the earth's orbit around the sun as a year. The "lunar calendar", also known as the "lunar calendar", takes the moon's orbit around the earth as a month, and the number of hours the earth orbits the sun as a year. Therefore, it is actually a kind of lunar calendar.

This traditional lunar calendar was mostly used in ancient China. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the method of 19 7 leap was used to adjust the lunar calendar very accurately, which was a great contribution with world significance. The Greeks invented this method more than 0/00 years ago.

At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, there were four seasons in China, and the end of the year was 365.25 days (the end of the year was the days from "winter solstice" this year to "winter solstice" the following year). This was the most progressive calendar in the world at that time, and its value was the same as that of the julian calendar promulgated by Caesar in Rome later, hundreds of years earlier.

There are four lunar calendars in China: Qin Jianhai, that is, the first day of the first month is the first day of the first month of the current lunar calendar. Zhou Jianzi, now the first day of November in the lunar calendar, is the first day of the first month. Still simple and ugly, that is, the first day of the first lunar month. Summer, that is, March of the weekly calendar is the first month. The current lunar calendar follows that of the Xia Dynasty, so it is also called the "Summer Calendar".

From the year of Yongzhenyuan in Tang Shunzong (AD 805), the calendar 12 months was used in the palace, divided into 12 volumes, with one page per day. The calendar marked the month and date and gave it to the eunuch who served the emperor. The eunuch wrote down the important events of the court in the blank space of the calendar. At the end of the month, it was submitted to the emperor for examination, and then to the historian for the record, and a National History was compiled.

Since, it has become a tradition for emperors to present almanac (called Qin calendar) to civil and military officials at the end of the year. General almanac experience, monthly orders, solar terms, farming, auspicious days, farming and so on. It is printed on the calendar, leaving a blank record.

The western ancient calendars were rather disordered. But the ancient Greek calendar is basically similar to the China lunar calendar. In the ancient Gregorian calendar, spring is the beginning of a year, while in Egypt, autumn is the beginning of a year, and the first day to the day after winter is 1 month 1 day.

Every calendar adjustment in ancient China is to better guide agricultural production, because China is a traditional agricultural country, which has always been agriculture-oriented, emphasizing agriculture and restraining business. Therefore, at present, farmers in China basically use the lunar calendar for farming activities.

During the Republic of China, the Gregorian New Year's Day was briefly changed to the Spring Festival, but most of them were still dominated by the Lunar New Year. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, two modes have basically formed, especially national legal holidays, the revival of traditional culture since the 1990s, New Year's Day, but more importantly, the Spring Festival.

Thirdly, in the development of calendars around the world, the existing calendars are basically summarized by the relationship between the sun and the earth, and between the moon and the earth. But because the earth is divided into the northern and southern hemispheres, the seasons in the northern and southern hemispheres are just the opposite, in different time dimensions and so on. Calendars in different places have their own characteristics.

Here I only mention four existing calendars with a large number of users. The first three are all related to religion, which is also the three major religions in the world.

Gregorian calendar, that is, counting from the year when Jesus was born, is the first year, and today is 10,1,2020.

The Buddhist calendar, that is, the year after the Buddha's nirvana, is the first year of the calendar. Today is 2564, which is widely used by people in Buddhist countries in Thailand and Southeast Asia.

The hijri calendar, also known as the Islamic calendar, is a kind of lunar calendar and is widely used by Muslims all over the world. In 639, Umar, the second caliph of Islam, decided to designate that year as the Islamic calendar era in order to commemorate the important historical event that Muhammad moved Muslims from Mecca to Medina in 622. Today is February 24th. 1442.

China Lunar Calendar and China Lunar Calendar are also calendars with yin and yang adjustment, not simple lunar calendars. At present, the China lunar calendar is still the calendar form of heavenly stems and earthly branches, and today is August 25th of the year of Gengzi. There is also a short time according to the chronology of the Yellow Emperor, also called Xuanyuan Chronology, that is, today is August 25th, 47 17. There are two opinions about the first year, one is based on the birth of the Yellow Emperor, and the other is based on the year when the Yellow Emperor was in power.

With the strength of the modern west, the Gregorian calendar has also been widely recognized by the world, which also facilitates the exchange of the world and is also a manifestation of cultural globalization. Of course, user-friendly calendars are also kept all over the world. The Gregorian calendar, like English, is a common language, and calendars everywhere are their mother tongue.

1582, pope yule bangkangpani changed the calendar, changed julian calendar to the Gregorian calendar, and changed the date of 10 to 15.