Solar equator

When the sun shines directly on the Tropic of Cancer, the northern hemisphere is the summer solstice, with the longest day and the shortest night.

Tropic of Capricorn is the winter solstice in the northern hemisphere, with the shortest day and the longest night;

When pointing directly at the equator, the northern and southern hemispheres have the same length of day and night, which is 12 hour, and the northern hemisphere has the vernal equinox or autumn equinox.