What is the relationship between "Tomb-Sweeping Day" and "Cold Food Festival" in time?

The day before in Tomb-Sweeping Day was the Cold Food Festival.

Qingming Festival

Introduction: Qingming, one of the 24 solar terms of the lunar calendar. It starts around April 5th every year when the sun reaches the longitude of 15; "Twenty-four solar terms": "March Festival" ... At this time, everything is clean and clear. Therefore, Tomb-Sweeping Day is always one of the three days in the solar calendar: April 4th, April 5th and April 6th. Tomb-Sweeping Day is a festival to worship ancestors, and the traditional activity is to sweep graves.

On May 20th, 2006, it was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list. 2016165438+1October 30th, China's "Twenty-four solar terms" was officially listed in the UN Intangible Heritage List.

Festival introduction:

1. Tomb-Sweeping Day, English standard translation: Tom B- Tomb-Sweeping Day or Qingming. It is one of the 24 solar terms in China, which falls on April 5th of the solar calendar every year. This festival is listed as a national statutory holiday for three days. Because the 24 solar terms objectively reflect the changes of temperature, rainfall and phenology throughout the year, ancient working people used them to arrange agricultural activities. "Huainanzi Astronomical Training" says: "Fifteen days after the vernal equinox, the bucket refers to B, and the Qingming wind is coming." According to the centenarian question, "everything grows clean and bright at this time." So it is called Qingming. " As soon as Qingming arrives, the temperature rises and the rainfall increases, which is a good time for spring ploughing and planting. Therefore, there are agricultural proverbs such as "planting melons and beans before and after Qingming Festival" and "planting trees is not as good as Tomb-Sweeping Day". It can be seen that this solar term is closely related to agricultural production. However, Qingming, as a festival, is different from pure solar terms. Solar terms are symbols of phenological changes and seasonal order in China, while festivals contain certain customs and activities, which have certain commemorative significance.

2. Tomb-Sweeping Day is a traditional festival in China, and it is also the most important festival to worship ancestors and sweep graves. Grave-sweeping is commonly known as going to the grave and offering sacrifices to the dead. Most Han people and some ethnic minorities visit graves in Tomb-Sweeping Day. According to the old custom, when sweeping graves, people should bring food, wine, fruit, paper money and other items to the cemetery, offer food to the graves of their loved ones, then burn the paper money, cultivate new soil for the graves, break some green branches and insert them in front of the graves, then kowtow and worship, and finally go home after eating and drinking. Some Buddhist believers will burn some Buddhist scriptures themselves, or find someone to copy some Buddhist scriptures for their dead relatives and friends, so as to help the deceased get rid of the suffering of hell as soon as possible and get happiness from it. The poem Qingming written by Du Mu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, said: "There are many rains during the Qingming period, and pedestrians on the road want to break their souls. Ask local people where to buy wine? The shepherd boy pointed to Xinghua Village. " Write about the special atmosphere in Tomb-Sweeping Day. 3. Tomb-Sweeping Day, also known as the outing festival, according to the solar calendar, between April 4th and 6th every year, it is the season of beautiful spring and lush vegetation, and it is also a good time for people to have a spring outing (called outing in ancient times), so the ancients had the custom of going for an outing in Qingming and carrying out a series of sports activities. There is also a saying in ancient times, that is, "March Festival". In the concept of the ancients, 108 is a large number representing perfection, auspiciousness, antiquity and profundity. It is of profound significance to put Qingming Festival on the 108 day from winter to the future. Qingming gets its name not only because everything grows cleanly at this time, but also because the sun in this period is also a fresh sun, and the sun flowing between heaven and earth in this period is also a fresh sun.

Cold Food Festival

Introduction:

1. Cold Food Festival: in the summer calendar? /kloc-winter solstice after 0/05 days. A day or two before Tomb-Sweeping Day. When the first day of the day is a holiday, smoking is forbidden and only cold food is eaten. In the development of later generations, customs such as sweeping sacrifices, hiking, swinging, cuju, holding hooks and fighting cocks were gradually increased. The Cold Food Festival lasted for more than 2,000 years and was once called the largest folk festival in China? Sacrifice Day What is the Cold Food Festival? The only traditional festival in China named after food customs.

2. The origin of the Cold Food Festival, according to historical records: During the Spring and Autumn Period, Zhong Er, the son of the State of Jin, fled into exile in other countries 19 years. Meson push will always be with you and never give up; Even "cutting stocks." "Zhong Er made great efforts to become a famous gentleman? Jin Wengong ". But meson tui didn't want to make a fortune, so he lived in seclusion with his mother in Mianshan. Jin Wengong ordered the release of Yamakaji to force him out of the mountain, but meson was determined not to go out of the mountain and eventually died in a fire. Jin Wengong remembered his loyalty, buried him in Mianshan, built a shrine and a temple, and ordered the prohibition of cold food on the day of Jiexiu to express his grief. This is the origin of the "Cold Food Festival". From the Spring and Autumn Period to the present, the Cold Food Festival has a history of more than 2,600 years. The story took place in Shanxi, China, and was set as the day before Tomb-Sweeping Day. On this day, the custom of eating cold food, offering sacrifices and having an outing has been handed down and accepted by the whole country.

Festival features:

1. The Cold Food Festival has another name, "150", because the Cold Food Festival is from winter to the future 105.

2. A poem "New Fire" by Su Zhe in Song Dynasty: "One hundred and fifty yesterday, the old man was cold." In Song Dynasty, Mei Yao Chen wrote "Yi Yun's Cold Food Sense and Li Sheren's Journey": "After 150 days of wind and rain, the clothes in the spring suburbs are wet."

3. Cold food forbids fire, and the fire preserved in winter goes out. When it comes to Qingming, it is necessary to drill wood for fire again. Wei Zhuang, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote: "A cold food can make thousands of trees and snow, and a clear fire can make thousands of cigarettes."

4. The Cold Food Festival originated in the Spring and Autumn Period, and Jiezhi burned in Mianshan, Jiexiu. Jin Wengong ordered a ban on Japan, fire and cold food, from respecting mesons to advocating political ambitions of loyalty to the monarch, patriotism, retiring after success, honesty and filial piety, to rallying people's hearts, rallying Chinese souls and embodying the Chinese nation? An important festival of Genzu culture. And form a series of cold foods such as glutinous rice and green rice. Send grief with cold food. By the time of the Tang Dynasty, a national statutory festival had been formed, and then it merged with Tomb-Sweeping Day, the earliest traditional festival in China. The Cold Food Festival was 2640 years ago. There were five days, one hundred and five days, one month, three days and two days, five days and seven days, and finally it became one day. From Jiexiu and Taiyuan County to all parts of the country and even overseas (for example, Gao Changguo has designated March 9 as the Cold Food Festival since the Tang Dynasty).

5. During the Cold Food Festival, there are grave-sweeping exhibitions, no smoking, ancestor worship, cold food, willow planting, outing, cuju, tree planting, swinging, flower viewing, chicken fighting, banquet feeding and poetry reading. Many activities, such as banquets, flower viewing, cockfighting, chicken carving, pulling hooks (tug-of-war), drilling wood for fire, flying kites, shooting herbs, throwing pottery toys and so on. , greatly enriched the social life in ancient China.