Introduction of 24 solar terms

Solar terms 1 and 24 are the general names of the twelve Chinese Qi and twelve solar terms, including beginning of spring, Rain, Creeping, Equinox, Qingming and Grain Rain. Long Summer, Xiaoman, Mangzhong, Summer Solstice, Xiaoshu, Dashu, beginning of autumn, Chushu, Bailu, Autumnal Equinox, Cold Dew and Chufrost. Beginning of winter, light snow, heavy snow, winter solstice, slight cold, severe cold. Among the 24 solar terms, the festival refers to a period of time in a year, which is the representation of a period of time, and the qi refers to the climate, which is an overview of weather changes.

2. Twenty-four solar terms are special festivals in the trunk calendar, indicating the change of natural rhythm and establishing "December construction". At first, it was based on the movement of stars. The Big Dipper rotates circularly, and bucket handle rotates around the east, south, west and north, which is called one of the "years old" (Figure). Each rotation cycle begins in early spring and ends in severe cold. The current "twenty-four solar terms" are formulated according to the position of the sun on the return to the ecliptic, that is, the annual movement track of the sun is divided into 24 equal parts, each 15 is 1, and each 1 is a solar term, starting in beginning of spring and ending in severe cold. "Twenty-four solar terms" is an important part of the long history and culture of the Chinese nation and embodies the historical and cultural essence of Chinese civilization.

3. "Twenty-four solar terms" is the product of ancient farming civilization, and farming production is closely related to the rhythm of nature. It is a knowledge system formed by ancient ancestors following the farming season and observing the movement of celestial bodies to understand the changing laws of time (season), climate and phenology in a year (year). Each solar term represents different changes in time, climate and phenology. The twenty-four solar terms express the unique concept of time between human beings and the natural universe, and contain the long-standing cultural connotation and historical accumulation of the Chinese nation. It not only plays a guiding role in agricultural production, but also affects the food, clothing, housing and transportation of ancient people, and even cultural concepts.

4. In the field of international meteorology, the 24 solar terms are known as "the fifth invention of China". 2016165438+1October 30th, 24 solar terms were officially listed in UNESCO's Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.