Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - The 24 Solar Terms - What is the solar term for Xiaoman?

What is the solar term for Xiaoman?

Xiaoman is the eighth of the 24 solar terms. Farming activities are about to enter the busy season in the small full season, summer crops are mature or close to maturity, spring crops are growing vigorously, and autumn crops are sowing soon, so all localities need to do a good job in field management. What are the solar terms in Xiao Man? Let's have a look.

Twenty-four solar terms: "In mid-April, things are small and full." At this time, the seeds of summer sowing crops such as wheat in the north have begun to be full, but they are not yet mature, which is about the late stage of milk ripening, so it is called Xiaoman. Agricultural proverbs in southern China give Xiaoman a new meaning: "Xiaoman is not satisfied with the broken ridge"; "Little people are full of discontent, regardless of mangoes." The word "full" is used to describe the amount of rain, and it is pointed out that if there is not enough water in the field when it is full, the ridge may crack and even rice cannot be planted when it is planted.

Xiaoman, the longitude of the sun is 60 degrees. This is a solar term indicating phenological changes. Phenology refers to the activities of flowers, trees, birds and animals in nature according to certain seasons, which is closely related to climate change. Therefore, their activities become the signs of seasons, such as germination, leaf growth, flowering, fruiting, leaf yellowing, leaf shedding, animal dormancy, resuscitation, singing, reproduction and migration, which are all restricted by climate change. People call these phenomena phenology.

China is the first country to study phenology in the world. The Book of Songs records: "April is full of flowers, May is full of grass, August is full of dates, and October is full of rice". Xia Zhengxiao, written in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, is the earliest monograph on phenology in China. It records phenology, meteorology, astronomical phenomena and important political and agricultural activities, such as farming, sericulture and horse breeding, in the order of twelve months a year. Since then, the contents of phenology have been recorded in Lv's Spring and Autumn Annals and The Book of Rites, and gradually developed into 24 solar terms and 72 climaxes a year.

In ancient China, five days was the first cycle and three cycles were the first solar terms. From winter to spring, from slight cold to Grain Rain, there are 24 seasons in the eight solar terms, and each season has a bloom. People call the wind blowing from flowers "Hua Xinfeng" (meaning the weather that brings the news of flowers). So there is a saying that it is "twenty-four times Hua Xinfeng". In order to describe it accurately, people choose a plant with the most accurate flowering period as a representative among the plants that bloom in each of the 24 seasons, which is called Hua Xinfeng in this period.

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