Appreciation of Bai Juyi's Poems Cold Food and Wild Hope

Cold food and unrealistic hopes

Tang Bai Juyi

Outside our country, who cries when eating cold food?

The wind blows the paper money in the wilderness, and the ancient tomb is full of spring grass.

Pear blossoms reflect poplar trees, full of parting places.

I don't hear the heavy spring crying, but the rustling rain makes people return.

The Cold Food Festival is one of the eight traditional festivals (Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, Cold Food Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Double Ninth Festival and Winter Solstice), and it is also the most solemn day for people to worship their ancestors, with a history of 2655 years. The Cold Food Festival was set up to commemorate the Jiexiu, a loyal minister of the State of Jin in the Spring and Autumn Period. The date of death is a few days after the winter of One Happy and Fifty, usually one or two days before Tomb-Sweeping Day.

According to historical records, Jin Wengong Zhong Er, one of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period, was exiled due to the "Li Ji Rebellion" 19. Jietui is loyal, "cutting the bones to serve the king", and has gone through hardships and always assisted. After the restoration of Jin Wengong, it was a chaotic time in a week, so he sent his troops and worked hard. Because the deceased had not arrived, he was rewarded with a break. In this respect, meson tui didn't take the initiative to ask for a reward like others. He disdained interacting with crumbs, refused to eat Lu Jun, and took his mother into Mianshan to live in seclusion. After Jin Wengong found it, he went into the mountains to look for it. In order to get the meson out, he quoted Yamakaji. I didn't expect meson to refuse, and I burned Mianshan with my mother at the same time. In 636 BC, Jin Wengong was deeply remorseful, so he ordered mesons to ban fire, eat cold food and combine with tomb sacrifices. This is the origin of the "Cold Food Festival", and later formed a festival to sacrifice ancestors and sages at the Cold Food Festival.

Bai Juyi, a poet, wrote more than 30 poems about cold food in his life. This poem "Wild Hope of Cold Food" is one of them. It describes the scene of people offering sacrifices to sweep graves during the Cold Food Festival in the Tang Dynasty, revealing infinite sadness.

"Outside our country, who will cry when eating cold food?" The first sentence describes that on the barren hills outside the city wall, people are sweeping graves at the Cold Food Festival, and there are bursts of crying.

"The wind blows the paper money in the wilderness, and the ancient tomb is green." During the cold food season, the grass in the wilderness began to turn green, the graves were built, and the paper money hung by people when they went to sweep the graves flew around in the wind.

"Pear blossoms reflect poplars, all of which are dead and alive." There are wild pear trees in China near the grave. Bloom is a thrifty place, full of white flowers, just like mourning. Poplar branches to the sky, alienating Xiao Suo, showing a bleak scene against the background of white flowers. Where will you go, a different kind of ghost, very sad and makes people cry.

"If you don't hear the heavy spring crying, the rain will return." Unfortunately, under the loess, the underworld, sweeping monk and the deceased relatives were all far away in Jiuquan, and they could not hear how to cry and shout, and finally returned home in the misty evening drizzle.

This cold food poem draws a sad picture of sacrifice and sweeping with simple drawing techniques. Outside the city wall, on the barren hills, the wilderness is vast, glistening everywhere, the evil wind bursts, the rain continues, graves are piled up, and paper money is flying all over the sky. In the biting wind and rain, such a fascinating scene makes people miss their loved ones more and more, making people feel heartbroken and sobbing. However, people and ghosts are different ways and can't smell them. Finally, they had to leave alone. The poet has only a few strokes, but there is nowhere to find them, especially the last sentence, "People return after the rain", which is sad and sad, and the sadness is beyond words, which makes people unbearable to read.

Bai Juyi's Cold Food Poetry has a wide influence. Su Dongpo, a great poet in the Song Dynasty, adapted and prefaced this poem by Bai Juyi. The first sentence becomes "The crow makes the trees faint. Who cries when eating cold food on Qingming Day?" Change "Poplar" to "Poplar Road". In the suburbs, blackbirds are singing, poplars are arranged in two rows, branches are dancing wildly, and pear trees are mixed in. White flowers are like clouds, swaying with the wind, making the picture deeper and deeper, thus rendering the sadness even more.

"Tiaoxi Fishing Hidden Conghua" records: Dongpo Yun: "Traveling with Guo Shengyou, the main book Wu Liang buys wine. Guo Shengshan made an elegy, and the sound of wine was loud, and I sat sad. Guo: "Hate has no good words". Because Lotte's poem "Cold Food" was changed, I sang it and all the guests cried. Its word says:' The crow's crow makes the tree faint, who cries when eating cold and bright? The wind blows the paper money in the wilderness, and the ancient tomb is full of spring grass. Li Tanghua reflected on Bai Yang Road, full of parting places. I can't hear the heavy spring cry, and all the people who are rustling and raining have gone home. "Every sentence is mixed with sound." . Because Su Dongpo changed Bai Juyi's poems mainly to conform to the music score at that time, the second edition copied a lot of materials. In fact, Bai Juyi's poems should be the first edition.

There are many poems written by Bai Juyi about cold food, many of which express bitter and sad feelings. Interested poets can read it for themselves. If the meaning is bleak and bitter, this poem "Cold Food Wild Hope" is his masterpiece of cold food poetry.

20 19/4/3 yumuzhai