What are the symptoms of arthritis? What should I pay attention to?

What are the symptoms of arthritis _ What are the symptoms of arthritis?

In fact, the life of joints is limited. Once the joint "fails", it will cause various joint diseases! Joint pain is a common symptom, and there are many diseases that cause joint pain. Take arthritis as an example, there are osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and what people often say is "rheumatism". So what are their characteristics?

How to judge that you have arthritis?

In summer, it's hot outside, so people will blow air conditioners indoors, and many people often have joint discomfort because they wear less clothes.

The joint is a functional organ. If the air conditioner is blown for a long time, the joints feel uncomfortable, mainly because the cold air has been blowing in a certain part, the blood vessels contract, and the blood supply to local tissues becomes worse, so it will feel uncomfortable, but it will not cause arthritis.

After the joints catch cold, you can do activities such as sauna and hot springs, which can greatly alleviate the discomfort of the joints.

The life span of joints is mainly determined by genes, and the general healthy life span is 60 years.

If someone lives for 80 years, but the joint dies first after 60 years, then the next 20 years will be greatly tortured.

However, as long as the joints are properly maintained the day after tomorrow, they can only "live" for 60 years, and the healthy life can be extended by at least 10 years or even longer. But if you don't pay attention to maintenance, you may not eat after 40 years, and even walking on the ground will hurt.

You can compare joints to cars. "Of course, BMW and Li Xia have different life spans. But if you drive a BMW, Li Xiaguan, BMW won't take a few years, and Li Xia may run for a few years.

So the joints should be saved.

So how should we judge whether we have arthritis? You can distinguish them by five criteria, namely, redness, swelling, heat, pain and dysfunction.

Red: Acute arthritis can cause joint swelling.

Swelling: a common symptom of arthritis, which is not necessarily related to the degree of joint pain.

Heat: Because the blood circulation of joints is particularly small, it should be cold to the touch under normal circumstances, which is normal, and the body temperature is lower than other parts. If the joint is hot, or even hot, it proves that the joint is inflamed and needs treatment.

Pain: The main manifestation of arthritis, the painful part of arthritis should be clear, one joint hurts and other parts don't.

Dysfunction: Arthritis can cause pain and inflammation, edema of tissues around joints, and limited joint activity. Patients with chronic arthritis may suffer from permanent joint function loss due to long-term limited joint activity.

There are three kinds of common arthritis, and the symptoms and relieving methods are quite different. You can accurately determine what kind of arthritis you have by the following methods.

osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease, which mostly occurs in people over 50 years old, with more women than men. The older you get, the more you get sick, often accompanied by hyperosteogeny. All joints in the whole body may be affected, but knee joints and finger joints are more common.

The main symptom is joint pain, often rest pain, which is manifested as pain after rest, relieved after a while of activity, and aggravated after too much activity. Another symptom is joint stiffness, which often appears when you get up in the morning or after your joints keep a certain posture for a long time in the day. The examination of the affected joints shows that the joints are swollen and tender, and there is a feeling of friction or "clicking" when moving. In severe cases, muscle atrophy and joint deformity may occur.

rheumatoid arthritis

This is an autoimmune disease, more common in middle-aged women.

According to the overall symptoms of the disease.

General symptoms

Patients may have symptoms such as fever, fatigue, loss of appetite, weight loss, night sweats on hands and feet, and general malaise.

arthralgia

At the beginning of the disease, patients often feel joint pain, and feel joint stiffness in the morning, which lasts for more than half an hour before they can move freely. Joints are usually symmetrical, most common in the proximal interphalangeal joints, followed by hands, wrists, knees, elbows and so on.

Joint swelling

Due to synovial swelling and joint cavity effusion, the patient's active and passive joint activities will be limited at this time.

joint deformities

At this time, the patient will have dislocation or subluxation of the affected joint, which looks like joint deformity.

other

About 10%~ 15% patients have "rheumatoid nodules".

Concurrent syndrome

Anemia is the most common extraarticular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis, which belongs to chronic anemia, usually mild to moderate.

It can be complicated with osteoporosis, lung diseases, cardiovascular diseases, depression, superficial lymphadenopathy, liver and kidney damage, etc.

rheumatism

"Rheumatism" is a disease often mentioned in life. In fact, "rheumatism" and rheumatoid arthritis are not the same thing, but a title for joint diseases in traditional Chinese medicine. Rheumatism is also called "arthralgia syndrome" in Chinese medicine, and its causes are wind, cold, dampness, heat and dryness. Although western medicine has "rheumatoid arthritis", it is completely different from rheumatoid arthritis.

clinical picture

1, rheumatism often has joint lesions and symptoms, which can be as high as 70-80%, and about 50% only has pain, which is redness, swelling, heat, pain and dysfunction. Most involve multiple joints. The size of the joints involved varies with the disease.

2. Heterogeneity, that is, there are different subtypes of the same disease. Due to different genetic background, etiology and mechanism, the types, symptoms, severity and treatment response of clinical manifestations are also different.

Rheumatism is a multi-system disease, and many diseases have overlapping pathology and similar symptoms, such as MCTD.

4. There are many antibodies and immune complexes (CIC) in serum, which can be deposited in tissues (skin, synovium) or organs (kidney, liver) to cause diseases.

Want to protect the joints need to pay attention to the following points:

lose weight

For fat people, the knee joint is a "jack". Think about it. If an Alto motor can't pull the Hummer, the car won't break down, but the motor will break down. For example, skipping rope has a greater impact, and with the weight burden, the knee joint is even more unbearable.

So losing weight is very important for maintaining joints.

swim

For ordinary people, swimming is the most beneficial exercise for joints. In water, the human body is parallel to the ground, and there is basically no load on each joint. For the heart, gravity is also the smallest, which is also very good for the heart.

Patients with chronic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension should swim more, which is good for the whole body. Old people who can't swim walk in the water. With the buoyancy of water, they not only move, but also reduce the wear on their knees.

Appropriate calcium supplements

Milk and bean products are rich in calcium and have high utilization rate, so we should pay attention to supplement them.

Shrimp skin, sesame sauce, kelp, walnut, melon seeds, potatoes, etc. It can increase calcium intake and protect the knee joint.

Do more outdoor activities, increase sunlight, supplement vitamin D, and promote the absorption of calcium.

form good habits

Girls should not wear high heels for a long time. It is best to wear soft shoes with elastic soles, such as casual shoes with wedges, which can reduce the impact of gravity on joints and reduce joint wear. You can change a pair of flat shoes on your way to work or when you feel tired in the office.

Old people should not lift heavy objects, climb mountains or carry heavy objects, so as not to cause joint damage.