On-line couplets on "Four Preventions" (i.e. fire prevention, theft prevention, anti-skid and gas poisoning prevention) during the Spring Festival.

Scalding is a common accident in life. In family life, the most common thing is to be scalded by hot water and hot oil. How to prevent burns?

1. When removing the kettle and hot oil pan from the fire, wear a cloth pad for gloves to prevent direct burns; The kettle and hot oil pan under the end should be placed where people can't easily touch them.

2. Parents should not fight around when cooking and frying food, in case of being burned by spilled hot oil; Older students should pay attention to cooking, and don't drop water into hot oil, or hot oil will splash when it meets water, which will burn people.

Oil is flammable and will burn at high temperature. When cooking, you should prevent the oil temperature from getting too high and catching fire. Don't panic in case the oil pan at home catches fire. Cover the pan with a lid as soon as possible, and quickly remove the oil pan from the fire or put out the fire.

Electric irons, electric heaters and other heating appliances at home will burn people, so be especially careful when using them, especially don't touch them casually.

How to use electricity safely

With the continuous improvement of living standards, there are more and more places to use electricity in life. Therefore, it is necessary for us to master the following basic knowledge of safe use of electricity:

1. Understand the main power switch and learn to turn off the main power in case of emergency.

2. Do not touch or test the inside of the power socket with your hands or conductive objects (such as wire, nails, pins and other metal products).

3. Don't touch the appliance with wet hands or wipe it with wet cloth.

4. Unplug the electrical appliance after use; Don't pull the wire when plugging and unplugging the power plug to prevent the insulation of the wire from being damaged and causing electric shock; The insulation layer of the wire is peeling off, so it is necessary to replace the wire in time or wrap it with insulating tape.

5. Find someone get an electric shock to try to turn off the power in time; Or use dry wooden sticks and other things to separate the electric shock victim from the charged electrical appliances, and don't save people directly by hand; Younger students should ask adults for help in this situation, and don't handle it by themselves to prevent electric shock.

6. Don't remove or install the power cord, socket and plug at will. Even if it is as simple as installing a light bulb, it should be turned off first and carried out under the guidance of parents.

How to use electrical appliances safely

Nowadays, TV sets, refrigerators, washing machines, electric irons, hair dryers, electric fans and other household appliances are increasingly entering the family. When using household appliances, besides using electricity safely, we should also pay attention to the following points:

1. All kinds of household appliances have different uses and use different methods, some of which are more complicated. General household appliances should be studied and used under the guidance of parents, and dangerous appliances should not be used alone.

2. If there is smoke, sparks, burning smell, etc. , should immediately turn off the electrical appliances and stop using them.

3. Electric appliances such as hair dryers, rice cookers, electric irons and electric heaters will emit high heat when in use. Pay attention to stay away from flammable items such as paper and cotton cloth to prevent fire; At the same time, pay attention to avoid burns when using.

4. Avoid using electrical appliances in humid environment (such as toilet), and don't let electrical appliances get wet, which will not only damage electrical appliances, but also cause electric shock.

5. Fan blades of electric fans, dehydration cylinders of washing machines, etc. Rotate at high speed when working, and do not touch with hands or other objects to avoid injury.

6. In case of thunderstorm, please stop using the TV and unplug the outdoor antenna to prevent lightning strike.

7. Electrical appliances are easy to be damaged by moisture corrosion after being put on hold for a long time, so they need to be carefully checked before being reused.

8. When purchasing household appliances, you should choose qualified products with reliable quality.

Pay attention to safety in indoor activities.

There are many seemingly small things that deserve students' attention when they are doing indoor activities at home, otherwise, they are prone to danger. This mainly includes the following aspects:

1. Collision avoidance. At present, the living room space of most families is relatively small, and many household items such as furniture are placed, so don't chase and fight in the living room, do strenuous sports and games to prevent bumping and injury.

2. Anti-skid and anti-fall. The living room floor is relatively smooth, so attention should be paid to prevent slipping and injury; When you need to climb up to clean and pick up things, please ask others to protect you and pay attention to prevent you from falling.

3. prevent falling. If you live in a building, especially a high-rise building, don't lean out of the balcony or window to avoid the danger of falling.

4. Reverse extrusion. Doors and windows of the living room, doors and drawers of furniture are easy to cover your hands when opening and closing, so be careful everywhere.

5. Fire prevention. There are many flammable items in the room, such as wooden furniture, bedding curtains, books, etc., so pay attention to fire prevention. Don't play with fire casually in the room, let alone set off firecrackers in the room.

6. Prevent accidents and injuries. Sharp tools such as screwdrivers, knives and scissors, and stationery such as pushpins and pins should be properly stored after use. It should not be placed on the bed or chair at will to avoid accidental injury.

Treatment measures of scald

If burns occur in life, the following measures can be taken:

1. For minor burns with slight redness and swelling, you can rinse them repeatedly with cold water and apply some cool oil.

2. If there are blisters on the burn, don't break them. You can rub alcohol around the blisters and wrap them with clean gauze.

3. Serious burns should be sent to the hospital in time for diagnosis and treatment.

4. If the burn area is large, you should take off your clothes, shoes and socks as soon as possible, but you can't tear them off by force. If necessary, you should cut off your clothes. Pay special attention to the cleanliness of the scalded area after scalding, and do not apply external drugs or substitutes at will to prevent infection, which will increase the difficulty of treatment in the hospital. The correct way is to take off the patient's clothes and wrap them with clean towels or sheets.

What if I get hurt?

Injured, in serious condition, need to be sent to hospital for treatment. Slight, can be handled according to the following methods:

1. If there is bleeding in the wound, clean the wound and apply external disinfectants and anti-inflammatory drugs, such as anti-inflammatory powder, mercuric chloride, band-aid, etc. In addition, pay attention to: keep the wound warm and dry; You can eat eggs, lean meat, beans, milk and other foods rich in protein. Take vitamin C properly or eat more fresh vegetables and fruits; Change dressing reasonably and keep it clean. Doing so is conducive to the healing of the wound.

2. If muscles, joints and ligaments are sprained, you can't massage or compress them immediately, so as not to aggravate subcutaneous bleeding and swelling. Stop activities immediately, so that the injured part can get enough rest, and cold compress or soak in cold water. After 24 to 48 hours, subcutaneous bleeding stops, and then hot compress is carried out to promote the dissipation of blood stasis and eliminate swelling.

driving safety

Food, clothing, housing and transportation are the most basic contents in people's lives, and "travel" involves traffic problems. Students go to school on weekdays and travel on holidays. Besides walking, they also ride bicycles and take buses (electric cars). For further distances, they have to take trains and boats. Therefore, we must pay attention to traffic safety. It is necessary to establish traffic safety awareness from an early age, master the necessary traffic safety knowledge, and ensure traffic safety.

How to pay attention to traffic safety when walking?

When students go to school, it is the most crowded time of the day. There are many people and cars, so we must pay great attention to traffic safety.

1. Walk on the road and walk on the sidewalk; For roads without sidewalks, take the roadside.

2. When going out in groups, it is best to walk in an organized and orderly manner; When going out together, don't chase, fight and play with each other; Pay attention to your surroundings when you walk. Don't look around, read newspapers or do other things while you walk.

3. On the road without traffic police command, learn to avoid motor vehicles and don't argue with them.

4. In foggy days, rainy and snowy days, it is best to wear colorful clothes, so that motorists can find the target as soon as possible and take safety measures in advance. In some cities, primary school students wear small yellow hats when they go out, and they also hold "Rang" plates when they take part in group activities, in order to let motor vehicles find and avoid them in time. This practice should be advocated.

What should I pay attention to when crossing the road?

When crossing the road, the possible risk factors will increase greatly, so pay special attention to safety.

1. When crossing the road, obey the command of the traffic police; It is necessary to obey the traffic rules and achieve "green light, red light stops".

2. When crossing the road, take the crosswalk line; In sections with overpasses and underpasses, you should consciously take overpasses and underpasses.

3. When crossing the road, go straight and don't detour; In the section where there is no crosswalk, you should look at the left first, then at the right, and you can only cross the road when you confirm that there is no motor vehicle.

4. Don't cross the safety fence and isolation pier in the middle of the road.

Don't cross the street suddenly, especially if an acquaintance or friend is on the phone across the street, or if the bus you want to take has pulled into the station, don't act rashly to avoid accidents.

What safety precautions should I pay attention to when riding a bicycle?

When going out by bike, the unsafe factors are more than walking. The safety items to be noted are as follows:

1. Always check your bike to keep it in good condition. Whether the brakes and bells are sensitive and normal is particularly important.

2. Bikes should be the right size, and don't ride children's toy cars on the streets. Don't ride a cart alone.

3. Don't learn to ride a bike on the road; Children under twelve should not ride bicycles in the street.

4. Riding a bicycle should be on the right side of the non-motor vehicle lane and not retrograde; When turning, don't make a sharp turn, slow down in advance, see the surrounding situation clearly, and then turn with a clear gesture.

5. After crossing the road, slow down and pay attention to pedestrians and vehicles; Don't run the red light, stop the red light and wait until the green light comes on.

6. When riding a bicycle, don't spread your hands, don't ride with many people, don't climb each other, and don't chase each other.

7. Don't climb a motor vehicle when riding a bike, don't carry overweight things, don't take people by bike, and don't wear headphones to listen to the radio when riding a bike.

8. Learn and master the basic knowledge of traffic rules.

How to pay attention to safety when cycling in rainy and snowy weather?

When riding a bike in rain and snow, you should also pay attention to the following points:

1. When riding in the rain, don't bury your head to avoid the rain.

2. When riding a bike in rainy days, you'd better wear a raincoat and poncho instead of riding a bike with an umbrella in one hand and a handle in the other.

3. When riding a bicycle in snowy days, don't inflate the bicycle tires too much, which will increase the friction with the ground and make it difficult to slip.

4. When riding a bike in snowy days, keep a large distance from the vehicles and pedestrians in front.

5. When riding a bike in snowy days, you should choose a flat road with no ice and shallow snow. Don't slam on the brakes, don't turn sharply, and turn as wide as possible.

6. Rain and snow. The road is muddy and slippery, so you should pay more attention when riding, and be prepared for emergencies at any time. The riding speed is slower than normal weather.

What should I pay attention to when riding a motor vehicle?

Cars, trams and other motor vehicles are the most commonly used means of transportation. In order to ensure riding safety, we should pay attention to the following points:

1. Take the bus (electric), wait in line, get on the bus in order, and don't be crowded. When getting on and off the bus, wait for the bus to stop, get off first and get on, and don't fight for it.

2. Don't carry inflammable and explosive dangerous goods such as gasoline and firecrackers on the bus.

3. Don't stick your head, hands and arms out of the window when riding a bike, so as not to be scratched by the opposite car or trees on the side of the road; Don't throw things out of the window, lest you hurt others.

4. Sit firmly and hold well when riding. When there is no seat, stand sideways with your feet apart naturally, and hold the handrail tightly with your hands to avoid falling and being injured when the vehicle brakes suddenly.

5. When riding a car or minibus, you should fasten your seat belt in the front row.

6. Try to avoid taking trucks and tractors; Never stand in the trunk or sit on the deck when you have to ride.

7. Don't call a taxi in expressway.

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fire safety

Without fire, people can't live. However, if fire is improperly used or managed, fire will happen, which will seriously threaten people's lives and property and cause great losses to national construction and development. Fire safety is very important, and fire control work includes two aspects: first, fire prevention; The second is fire fighting. In this regard, students should know something and master some basic knowledge.

What should be paid attention to in fire prevention?

There are many measures to prevent fire. Students should first start with the little things in daily life:

1. Don't play with fire. Some students are curious about fire and often play games with fire behind their parents' backs and teachers' backs, which is very dangerous. When playing with fire, once the fire spreads or leaves unfinished fire, it is easy to cause fire.

2. Don't smoke. Smoking is harmful to health and easy to cause fire. We must abide by the student code and school rules and regulations and resolutely put an end to smoking.

3. Take care of fire control facilities. In order to prevent fire and fire accidents, fire hydrants, fire extinguishers, fire sandboxes and other fire-fighting facilities have been set up in residential buildings and public places, and safe passages for evacuation have been left in case of fire. We should consciously care for fire control facilities and ensure the smooth passage of safety.

How to pay attention to fire prevention at home?

Family fires are often caused by careless use of fire and improper use of electrical appliances. Students should pay attention to:

1. Use the stove to keep warm. Stoves should be placed at a safe distance from flammable wooden furniture and away from firewood in rural areas.

2. someone should watch the clothes drying, and people can't leave for a long time.

3. Don't store inflammable and explosive articles by the fire.

4. When making a fire, don't use kerosene or gasoline to support combustion, so as to avoid the fire burning violently.

5. Take out unburned ashes and cinders and dump them in a safe place to prevent other objects from burning and catching fire.

6. Use household appliances to meet safety requirements, and don't disassemble them at will, so as not to cause safety performance degradation and fire.

7. Be careful when using hot appliances (such as electric irons), so as not to make them ignite flammable items.

8. When electrical appliances are used or personnel leave, turn off the power supply in time to prevent electrical appliances from overheating.

9. Use gas appliances to prevent gas leakage, and turn off the gas source after use.

10. The gas tank should be used away from the fire source; Check regularly to ensure that gas facilities and appliances are in good condition.

How to call the police in case of fire?

If a fire is found, the most important thing is to call the police, so as to put out the fire in time, control the fire and reduce the losses caused by the fire.

1. The telephone number of the fire alarm is 1 19. This figure should be kept in mind. In any part of the country, the telephone number for reporting fire to the public security fire department is the same.

If you find a fire, you can call the police directly. If you don't have a phone at home, call the police with the phone of your neighbor, telephone booth or nearby unit as soon as possible.

3. When reporting a fire, it is necessary to explain to the fire department the unit or place where the fire broke out, the district (county), street, lane, house number or national address, what was the fire and how it was.

4. After the alarm, it is best to arrange personnel to wait for the fire truck at the nearby intersection to guide the way to the fire.

5. Don't call the fire alarm at will. It is illegal to lie about a fire alarm and disturb public order.

6. In the absence of telephone, you should shout loudly or take other measures to attract the attention of neighbors and pedestrians, and assist in fire fighting or alarm.

How to deal with a small fire in an emergency?

In case of fire, you should call the police in time. Students should also master simple and easy methods to deal with sudden small fires.

1. Water is the most commonly used fire extinguishing agent. Fires such as wood, paper and cotton cloth can be put out directly with water.

2. Quickly cover the fire with mud, sand, soaked quilts or blankets, which can effectively put out the fire.

3. Use broom, mop, etc. You can also put out small fires.

4. Oil, alcohol and other fires should not be put out with water, but can be quickly covered with sand or soaked quilts.

5. In case of gas fire, cover the ignition point with a wet towel and quickly cut off the gas source.

6. When the electrical appliance is on fire, don't put it out with water or cover it with damp items. Water is a conductor, so you will get an electric shock. The correct way is to cut off the power supply first and then put out the fire.

7. If conditions permit, you can also learn how to use some simple fire extinguishers.

How to get out of the fire correctly?

In case of fire, correct and effective methods should be taken to save oneself and escape, so as to reduce the loss of personal injury and death:

1. Once threatened by fire, don't panic, calmly determine your position, judge the fire according to the analysis of smoke, light and temperature around you, and don't act blindly.

2. In a bungalow, if the fire around the door is not big, leave the fire quickly. On the other hand, you must choose another exit to escape (such as jumping out of the window) or take protective measures (such as soaking clothes with water, wrapping your head and upper body with warm quilts, etc.). ) before leaving the fire.

3. If you find a fire in a building, don't blindly open the doors and windows, otherwise it may lead to a fire.

If you are in a building, don't run around blindly, let alone jump to escape, which will cause undue casualties. You can hide in the room or on the balcony. Close the doors and windows, cut off the fire road and wait for rescue. Conditional, can continue to water the doors and windows to cool down, in order to delay the spread of the fire.

In the burning building, you can't use the elevator to escape, but you should take the stairs through the fire escape. Because the elevator shaft often becomes a channel for setting off fireworks after a fire. And the elevator may break down at any time.

6. If the fire is too fierce and you need to jump off a building to escape, you can jump off the second floor, but you should choose a soft ground. At the same time, throw the bedding upstairs to increase the cushion of the ground, and then slide down the window, so as to minimize the falling height and let the feet land first.

7. If you are sure, you can tie one end of the rope (or tear the sheets together) to the window frame and then slide down the ground along the rope.

8. When you run away. Try to take protective measures, such as covering your nose and mouth with a wet towel and wrapping your body with wet clothes.

9. If clothes catch fire, you can take off your clothes quickly or roll around on the spot to put out the fire with your body. You can also jump into a nearby pool or river to put out the fire. In short, you should try to reduce the burn area of your body and reduce the degree of burn.

10. When a fire breaks out, it often produces gases that are toxic and harmful to human body. Therefore, to prevent smoke poisoning, you should try to stay in the windward or protect your mouth, nose and eyes with wet towels or masks to avoid toxic and harmful smoke.

Family fire prevention

1. The line shall be laid in a reasonable design and strictly constructed. When wiring indoors, you should choose the route reasonably, try to take short circuits and straight roads, avoid twists and turns, and reduce intersections.

At the same time, when selecting line conductors, the types of conductors should be selected according to specific environmental characteristics, especially moisture-proof, moisture-proof, heat-proof and anti-corrosion factors. The connection and laying of wires shall be carried out in strict accordance with the regulations. The connectors of wires shall be firmly connected and wrapped with insulating tape. The wiring of wiring pile heads and terminals shall be tightened with screws to prevent poor contact caused by loose wiring. Household wires should not be laid directly on flammable building materials. If it is necessary to wire on wooden structures, PVC sleeves should be used. Bushing should also be used when the conductor goes through the wall, otherwise it will be easy to wear, resulting in leakage or short circuit and fire. In addition, switches and fuses shall not be installed on the ground wire and neutral wire, and the ground wire shall not be connected to the tap water or gas pipeline.

2. Choose the correct overcurrent protector and leakage protector. Household fuses should be selected according to the amount of electricity used. The fuse used in general standards should be 1.2∽2 times the capacity of the electric meter. If a meter with a capacity of 5 A is used, the fuse should be greater than 6 A and less than10 A. The selected fuse should meet the requirements, and several small-capacity fuses should not be used together, not to mention copper wires and iron wires instead of fuses. The sensitivity of leakage protector should be correct and reasonable. The starting current should generally be within the range of 15~30 mA, and the action time of protection should generally not exceed 0. 1 sec. Quality must be guaranteed during installation to meet the requirements of safety and fire prevention. Fake and shoddy products must not be used.

3. Strengthen the use and management of electrical equipment. When buying household appliances, you should carefully check the technical parameters on the product manual to find out how much electricity is used and whether the existing power supply capacity of the family meets the requirements. When household power distribution equipment cannot meet the capacity requirements of household appliances, it should be replaced and modified, and it must not be used. In the process of using electric heating appliances, we should strictly manage them, stay away from flammable materials, such as electric stoves, heating stoves, electric irons, incandescent lamps over 60W, etc., and don't put them directly on wooden boards or flammable materials. When you have something to leave, you must cut off the power supply to avoid a fire caused by overheating of electrical equipment for a long time. Do not place flammable items such as oil, cotton, sawdust and wood near low-voltage lines, switches, sockets and fuses. Thunderstorm weather should also prevent lightning fire accidents, try to cut off and stop the electrical appliances in use, especially the outdoor antenna and closed-circuit TV line of TV should be cut off immediately to ensure safety.

4. Do a good job of regular inspection. In order to ensure the normal operation of indoor and outdoor lines, it is necessary to check them frequently. In line inspection, it is necessary to calculate whether the line can withstand the existing total electricity consumption, whether the joints of the line are loose and ignited, and whether the old wires are reinforced or replaced. At the same time, the temporarily connected lines should be removed in time after use to avoid fire accidents.

5. After the electrical equipment or circuit is on fire, it should be handled with caution. There is a precursor before the fire, that is, the wire will first scorch its insulation sheath due to overheating, giving off an unpleasant smell of burning rubber and plastic. When you smell this smell, you should immediately cut off the power supply until you find out the reason and handle it properly before you can turn on the electricity. In case of fire, whether it is caused by electricity or not, we should try to cut off the power supply in the fire area quickly. Because, if the fire is caused by electricity, cutting off the power supply will also cut off the fire source; If the fire is not caused by electricity, it will also burn out the insulation sheath of the wire. If the power supply is not cut off, the burnt wire will cause a short circuit and cause a wider range of wires to catch fire. When an electrical fire occurs, it should be put out by covering soil and sand or using dry powder fire extinguishers. Never use water or foam extinguisher at this time, in case of electric shock due to conduction.

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Safe production and work

6. Prevent falls. No matter whether the classroom is on a high floor or not, don't lean out of the balcony or window to avoid falling.