What are the grafting methods and time of pear trees?

Grafting of pear trees usually occurs in early March in spring and early June in autumn. Du pear with good drought resistance is selected as the rootstock, and the top is trimmed into an inclined cut; Then choose the strongest and healthiest pear branches, the size of the bottom trimming incision should be the same as that of the rootstock incision, and stick them together tightly with straw rope.

Extended data:

cultivation techniques

phenophase

Pear trees are widely distributed, so their phenological periods are very different. As far as flowering period is concerned, Huili and pear trees in Sichuan generally bloom in the first half of February, and Yanbian in Jilin blooms in mid-May. Yali pear in Changsha, Hunan Province bloomed in early March, crisp pear in Dangshan County, Liaoning Province in early April, and Beizhen in early May, with a difference of nearly two months. Pear trees cultivated in the same area have different phenological periods due to different species and varieties. From germination to flowering, pear is the earliest, pear is a little later, sand pear is later than pear, and western pear is the latest, with a variation range of about 10 day.

Flowering management

The flowering management of pear trees is very important. If the flowering period of pear trees is not properly managed or left unchecked, it will easily lead to the phenomenon of full flowers and half fruits, low fruit setting rate and low economic benefits. Adopting the following methods to strengthen the management of pear flowering period can improve the fruit setting rate, fruit quality and economic benefits.

Topdressing before flowering

Topdressing before flowering can improve the quality of flower buds, meet the nutrition consumed by flowering and improve the fruit setting rate. Quick-acting fertilizer, mainly compound fertilizer, can be applied in the first half of the flower. Generally, 0.5- 1 kg is applied to each adult tree, and 1-2 kg of urea can be added to weak trees, and the fertilizer application amount should account for 10- 15% of the whole year.

Pruning before flowering

Pear trees with light pruning and large flowers should be pruned again, mainly by thinning weak branches, diseased dead branches and too dense branches, and adjusting the load of fruit trees. The remaining amount of flowers depends on the remaining amount of fruits. Generally, the amount of flowers left is 65,438+0-2 times more than the amount of fruits left, and only 65,438+0 buds are left on each fruit table, so that too many buds can be removed, which is insensitive to pruning reaction and difficult to bloom.