Several ancient books in spring

Spring usually begins at the beginning of spring, so there are the following kinds of flowers that bloom at that time: (1) Twenty-four flowers with trade winds, that is, the wind that comes when flowers bloom. The four months from the slight cold to Grain Rain (before the long summer) are in the New Year. Yuhai: "Five days is the first class, and the third class is one." Four months * * * eight solar terms, twenty-four seasons and climate, one hundred and twenty days. Wait for the wind letter every five days; Twenty-four kinds of flowers bloom with the wind, so they are called "Twenty-four Hua Xinfeng". The slight cold solar term begins on the 6th or 7th day of the solar calendar (65438+ 10). Grain Rain falls on April 20th or 2 1, and Grain Rain solar term 15 days, ending on the day before the long summer and on May 5th or 6th in the solar calendar. The Chronicle of Jingchu says: "From early spring (by the way, it should be cold winter) to early summer, there are windy days five days south of the Yangtze River, which is called Hua Xinfeng. Plum blossom wind comes first, and neem flower wind comes last. Every twenty-four times, I thought it was cold. " According to Shi Jiao Bi Cheng, "slight cold, a plum blossom, two camellias and three daffodils. Great cold, Daphne odora, orchid, alum. At the beginning of spring, it is spring, cherry and spring. Rain, first-class cauliflower, second-class apricot flower, third-class plum flower. Startled, waiting for the peach blossom, waiting for Tang Di, waiting for the rose. At the vernal equinox, there are begonia, pear and magnolia. Qingming, waiting for tung flowers, waiting for wheat flowers, waiting for willow flowers. Grain Rain, a peony, two teas and three neem flowers. Flowers compete for a long summer. " Now, the third stage of slight cold has passed, and the great cold is about to pass. On February 4th, beginning of spring and beginning of spring arrived at15th, and three flowers, Yingchun, Cherry and Wangchun (Xinyi), opened in response. (2) Winter jasmine, winter jasmine and deciduous shrubs with snow in cold regions are three or four feet high, and slender branches droop into arches like vines; Branchlets on nodes, one with three leaves; Flowers are yellow, and they bloom first in the first spring. Caohuapu: "Spring warms bloom first, hence the name." "Guangfang Qunpu" says: "Although grass flowers make up spring scenery first." Song Yan Shu wrote a poem "Winter jasmine": "It's too late to blame the public for early spring." Zhao's words in Qingpingle are "delicate and petite for early spring" and "going to welcome the spring first". Everyone sings about the flowering characteristics of its first spring flowering. The poems of the ancients chanting the Spring Festival and expressing their aspirations through flowers were regarded as the reference of Han Qi in the Northern Song Dynasty. Han used to be Shaanxi's economic envoy, and Fan Zhongyan, the deputy envoy, led troops to Yan 'an to stop the invasion of Xixia Yuanhao. There is a song on the side: "There is a Korean in the army, and the Xixia people are frightened;" There was a model in the army, and Xixia was shocked. "Han Qi is Song Renzong very rely on people. Jia entered Zhongshu as prime minister for three years. People may avoid it, but Han saw bloom in the East Hall of Zhongshutang, and wrote the poem "Spring in the East Hall of Zhongshutang": "The fence is slender and green, and the snow washes away the yellow; Spring is not self-sufficient, and flowers are fragrant. "The poem implies that being a prime minister is not' self-sufficient', but is really fragrant and a hundred flowers bloom." "Hundred Flowers" is more than a hundred officials, while "Thousand Flowers" is a metaphor for the people of thousands of families and is a masterpiece to celebrate the Spring Festival. Lu You's Yongmei, a diviner, says, "I have no intention of striving for spring, and everyone is jealous. "Although he also expresses his ambition through flowers, he is somewhat narcissistic after all, not as high as Han Qi's singing style for the Spring Festival. However, Spring Festival is a grass flower after all. Herbal medicine says that "people plant it all over the place", and Qunfangpu also says that "people have many kinds of gardens". It can be seen that the winter jasmine is only planted in the gardens of Yuan Qiu, and it is rare to enter the basin, and few people watch it. Song Renzong became Gao (senior secretary of imperial academy, responsible for drafting imperial edict), which can also be regarded as "spring comes". Yangzhou magistrate can be devolved soon. Liu Chang used the Spring Festival to express his feelings: "Yellow flowers are sparse vines, and waves are famous all over the world. "(3) Cherry blossoms are like pearls and snow. The second five days of early spring is the season of cherry blossom. Cherry, deciduous tree, also known as cherry and Han Tao. " Lu Chunqiu: "Cherry is in the warbler, so it is also called Han Tao. Compendium of Materia Medica: "Cherry trees are not very tall, and there are white flowers in early spring, as many as snow. Leaves are clustered, teeth are pointed and thin, and dozens of seeds are produced. "Cherry blossoms are as white as snow and open five days after beginning of spring. If all the trees in the garden are in full bloom, it is better than heavy snow. Liu Tang Yuxi's "Looking at Cherry Blossoms and Peach Blossoms with Lotte" says: "Thousands of cherry blossoms shine like snow." Wei Zhuang's "Cherry Tree": "I remember that the first snow was full of branches, and the bees and butterflies moved with the flowers. "Guoyuanyi" also said, "The willows are green, and the cherry blossoms are still wet." . "Cherry Blossoms" by Wu in Ming Dynasty: "There are peach trees in the imperial garden, and bloom regards them as snow. "Cherry fruit ripens in March of the lunar calendar, and its color is vermilion or deep purple. Liang's "ode to cherry" is called "the reality of beauty", and Wendi's poem "points out"; In the Tang Dynasty, Wang Wei's poem "Zhu Ying is forbidden to go out on the fence" and Du Fu's poem "The cherry in Xishu is also red"; In Song Dynasty, Wen Tong's poem "Emerald is a dish of red" (that is, red agate) and Dai Fugu's poem "Scarlet Blood and Manna" all have beautiful fruits such as "beauty". Some cherry fruits are white, too. Li Bai's "White Cherry" says: "You can see clearly in the sleeves of the red Luo, but you can't see it in the white jade plate." Wei Zhuang's White Cherry: "A few plants were planted on the steps of the Empress Dowager, but there seemed nothing outside the crystal curtain. "White jade plate, crystal curtain and white cherry are all muddy white, so at first glance it seems invisible. Cherry has been favored by emperors and literati since ancient times. " "The Book of Rites and the Moon Order": "Shame on Han Tao, first recommend the bedroom. "Shame, eat; To offer cherries to ancestors, the main hall should be offered first. Hui Di, Emperor of the Western Han Dynasty, enshrined cherries in the ancestral temple (Historical Records: Biographies of Uncle Sun). In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Emperor Hanming gave a banquet in Zhaoyuan, and served cherries on a ruby plate, and watched them under the moon. The plate was the same color as the peach, and all the ministers laughed. Yun hekong (history of the eastern Han dynasty) Tang Zhongzong Youfang Forest Garden, a court official with more than five grades, rides on his back and likes to pick cherries with his mouth (Chronicle of the Old Tang Dynasty). In the Tang Dynasty, a new scholar, Tianzi, held a banquet in Qujiang, Chi Yuan. After Xuanzong had been in office for four years, Liu Qin was a scholar and sent someone to buy dozens of cherries for a banquet. At the meeting, people ate several liters, and even the driver's groom had to eat enough. From then on until the Qing Dynasty, scholars and top scholars paid special attention to cherry banquet. Master Shi of Yuan Gong said, "I stopped the cherry banquet and sent two cages to the Yellow Gate." Yuan Mei's Poems with the Garden in the Qing Dynasty: "Xianggong in Xiangyang, a former Jinshi in Kangxi, Chen Geng, returned to the cherry banquet. "After the cherry blossom banquet also refers to the literati elegant collection. For example, Gong Zizhen's "Dianjiang Lips" said: "The cherry banquet is specially opened in high-rise buildings. "(D) Dream pen gives birth to flowers, magnolia blooms, and the third flower in beginning of spring is waiting for spring. Wang Chun is also known as Xinyi and Clogs. Deciduous trees, several feet high. There is purple in the white (also pink purple), and the bud is half an inch long and sharp as a pen, so it is also called a wooden pen flower. " "Compendium of Materia Medica" quoted Chen Zangqi as saying: "The first stroke is like a pen, and the northerners call it a wooden pen, while the southerners call it a spring. "Press, when the spring. The color of winter jasmine is like snow, and beginning of spring waits first; Looking at the spring with purple in white, beginning of spring is waiting for the third time, and it will open in ten days. Therefore, Hu Zai, a poet in the Song Dynasty, said in Tiaoxi Fishing in Conghua: "There are two kinds of wooden pens: looking at spring and welcoming spring. "Flower Mirror" clearly points out: "The wooden pen is magnolia, named spring." Poets praise Xinyi mostly because its flowers are shaped like pen and ink. Shu Ouyang Jiong's "Magnolia" goes: "With the new red buds in the front, I want the book to reflect the morning glow in the air; It should be that the Jade Emperor once threw a pen and fell to the ground to grow into a flower. "It's like turning the sky into paper (potentially emptying the book); Consider it a flower for the Jade Emperor. Chen Jiru and Zhang Xin of the Ming Dynasty both sang faithfulness, and even put the wooden pen of faithfulness into the story of Jiang Yan's dream. Chen Zhi-shi said: "The spring rain wets the window screen, and the heart makes the shadow oblique;" "I once caught a glimpse of Jiang Meng's pen, and it suddenly bloomed." Zhang Zhi's poem said: "I once saw a pen blossom in my dream, and brocade also praised the weather; Who believes that there is a pen in the flower, and in the end, it will spit spring. " According to Nan Shi and Liang Shu, Jiang Yan has colored pens, so he is good at writing poems. One day, Guo Pu said in a dream, "I have a pen with you for many years, and I can read it back." Jiang Yan leaned into his arms and returned the colorless pen to Guo. From then on, writing poems as articles, without a beautiful sentence, people call it "Jiang Lang is exhausted". Since then, five-color pens are often more beautiful than literary talent. Li Shangyin's poem: "If there is no ginger five-color pen, why come to Heyang County to spend!" "The Biography of Fan" contains: "(Fan) was born late, and the mother dream god gave him a five-color pen. At the age of nine, he may become a writer. "February 4, beginning of spring, four to eight days for the Spring Festival; Cherry (Han Tao) 9- 13 blooms in five days; The five days from 14 to 18 (the first day of the first month) are the flowering seasons of Wang Chun (Xinyi and Mu Bi). Because of gossiping for twenty-four times, I wrote the cloud "Li Xin San bloom".