What are the common images in ancient poetry?

1, trees:

Straightness of the tree: ups and downs of career and life.

Yellow leaves: the metabolism of dying mature beauty

Green leaves: vitality, hope and vitality

Bamboo: Honest and positive.

Willows: Farewell to the beautiful willows that miss sadness in spring: it is the custom of farewell in Han Dynasty. After the implication, there is a meaning of farewell and nostalgia.

Willow: Sad Feelings

Willows pile up smoke: it can trigger the past, and is often used to express the feeling of ups and downs.

Red leaves: it is called the thing that conveys feelings, and later refers to poetry to convey feelings.

Pine and cypress: Strong and proud, with strong vitality.

Pine tree: Pine tree is a model of fighting frost and snow, and it is naturally the object of praise.

Indus River: The Indus River is a symbol of desolation, bitterness and sadness. Use buttonwood leaves to fall, rain to hit banana, and write down all your worries. For example, "Every leaf, with sound, drips from the empty steps to the light" (Ting Yun's More Leaky in the Tang Dynasty), and "Indus is more raining and drips at dusk" (Li Qingzhao's Slow Voice).

2. Flowers and plants:

Flowers bloom: I hope youth is brilliant.

Flowers fall: frustration in life and career, nostalgia and nostalgia for beautiful things in spring.

Peach blossom: a symbol of beauty

Lan: Really?

Peony: Rich and beautiful.

Grass: exuberant vitality, endless hope, desolation and remoteness, and hatred of humble status and status.

Corn: the sadness of parting (the prosperity of the country is now, and the decline of the country is in the past)

Three friends (pine, bamboo and plum) and chrysanthemums symbolize people's noble character.

Red bean: acacia bean refers to the token of love between men and women, which is a metaphor for love or friendship between men and women.

Chrysanthemum: quiet, noble and exquisite.

Chrysanthemum: Although chrysanthemum can't be compared with peony or orchid, as the flower of Ao Shuang, it has always been favored by literati. Some people praise its strong character, while others appreciate its lofty temperament. Qu Yuan's Lisao: "Drinking Mulan Dew in the morning and eating Qiuju in the evening are not beautiful." The poet symbolizes his noble character by drinking dew and eating flowers. Tang Yuanzhen's Chrysanthemum: "Autumn bushes are like Taoist priests, and the more they surround, the more inclined they are. It's not that chrysanthemums are preferred in flowers, but that this flower is even more flowerless. " Expressed the poet's pursuit of firmness and noble character. Other poems, such as "I'd rather hold incense in the branches and die than blow it in the flowers" (Cold Chrysanthemum by Zheng Songxiaosi), "Dew in the Lonely East, Sand shines before the gold" (Two Chrysanthemums after Chongyang by Song Fan Chengda), all use chrysanthemums to express the poet's spiritual quality, and the chrysanthemums here undoubtedly become a portrayal of the poet's personality. Chrysanthemum symbolizes noble quality, peach blossom symbolizes beauty, peony symbolizes wealth, and Huayang means autumn.

May: Aoxue is strong and unyielding in adversity.

Plum Blossom: Plum Blossom blooms first, and then blooms. Therefore, plum blossoms, like chrysanthemums, are admired and praised by poets. "Plum Blossom" by Chen Liang, a poet in the Song Dynasty: "A flower changes suddenly first, and ten thousand flowers are fragrant later." The poet grasped the characteristic that plum blossoms are the first to bloom, and wrote the quality of being the first in the world and not afraid of setbacks. This is not only Yongmei, but also praising himself. Wang Anshi's plum blossom: "It's not snow when you know it from afar, because it has a delicate fragrance." The poem not only describes the reasons why plum blossoms are scattered by the wind, but also implicitly shows the purity and whiteness of plum blossoms, which has received the artistic effect of good fragrance and lewdness. Lu You's famous sentence "Yongmei": "Scattered into mud, crushed into dust, only fragrance remains." Plum blossom is used to describe a person's unfortunate experience of being destroyed and his noble sentiment of not wanting to go with the flow. "Mo Mei" by Wang Mian in Yuan Dynasty: "Don't boast of its lewdness, just leave the air fresh and dry." It is also the plum blossom that shows that it is unwilling to go with the flow, shallow and profound.

Lotus: Because "lotus" and "cherish" are homonyms, there are many poems about lotus in ancient poetry to express love.

3. Animals

Ape: Sad and mournful Du Fu's "Climbing high and looking far, the ape whimpers in the wind".

Hongge: Pursuing Ideal

Fish: Free.

Eagle: a strong and free life, the success of the fighting cause.

Dogs and chickens: the breath of life, rural life

(Thin) Horse: Pentium pursues drift

Crow: the villain is ordinary and the husband is sad.

Sha Ou: It's sad to leave.

Bird: a symbol of freedom.

Cicada: Cicada is virtuous. The ancients thought that cicada eating wind and drinking dew was a symbol of nobility, so the ancients often used cicada's nobility to express its noble character. "Tang Poetry" says: "Every time a cicada sings, it respects its nature." Because cicadas live on high branches, eat wind and sleep outdoors, and don't eat fireworks, so their moral character belongs to lofty type. They all use cicadas as a metaphor for noble morality.

Moth: "Poetry? Xiaoya? Xiaowan: "moths have children, cockroaches win and lose." "Yao Ying (a kind of bee) catches moths for food, pierces them with ovipositor tubes, injects bee venom into their bodies to paralyze them, and then puts them into the hive as food for Yao Ying larvae. The ancients mistakenly thought that cockroaches prevailed and raised moths as sons, because they were called moths as sons.

Rhododendron: Rhododendron is commonly known as Rhododendron, also known as Zigui, Rhododendron and Zijuan. In spring and summer, cuckoos crow all night, crows are crisp and short, arousing people's feelings. If you look closely, the oral epithelium and tongue of rhododendron are red, which the ancients mistakenly thought was full of blood. Just when the azaleas are singing, it is the time when the azaleas are in full bloom. When people see that the azaleas are so bright red, they say that this color is the blood of azaleas.

Chun: It refers to hometown flavor. Later, literati used "blowing" and "blowing thinking" to describe homesickness.

Bluebird: Birds. It is said that the Queen Mother of the West has three bluebirds. One of them was sent as an emissary to inform Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and the other two came with the Queen Mother of the West to serve her. Li Wangjing, the leader of the Southern Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem: "The bluebird doesn't spread the news outside the cloud, and the lilacs are sad in the rain." The bluebird became the messenger of books here.

Double carp: refers to letters. Han Yuefu's poem "Drinking Horses in the Great Wall Grottoes" said: "Guests come from afar and leave me a pair of carp. Hu Er cooks carp with books in it. " Later, I wrote a distant letter with double carp.

Lonely Goose: Lonely Homesickness and Homesickness

Hongyan: Letters-Missing of Relatives.

Hongyan: Hongyan is a large migratory bird. Every autumn, it moves south, which often leads to homesickness and sadness for wanderers when traveling. There are also letters referred to by Hongyan. For example, "The geese don't answer me when crossing the river, and the river is full of autumn water" (Du Fu's "To Li Bai at the End of the Sky"), "Shuo Yan handed out a book and Xiang Yan dyed more tears" (Li Shangyin's "Lisi").

Partridge bird: the image of partridge also has a specific connotation in ancient poetry. The song of partridge makes people sound like "I can't live without my brother", which is very easy to evoke the association of hard journey and full of parting. For example, "In autumn, the setting sun is vast and the grass is bright, and the partridges are far away from people" (Li Qunyu's "Smelling the partridges on Jiuzipo" in the Tang Dynasty), "The river is sad at night, and the mountains are deep and the partridges are heard" (Xin Qiji's "Bodhisattva Man? The partridge in the poem is not a bird in a purely objective sense.

Cicada: Cicada will not live long after autumn. After some autumn rains, cicadas will make a few intermittent moans, and their lives are at stake. Therefore, chilling has become synonymous with sadness.

Yuanyang refers to a loving couple, such as "why did I quit my job after I succeeded?" It is better to be a mandarin duck than a fairy "(Tang Lu's Ancient Meaning of Chang 'an).

The image of "Swallow" in ancient poetry is a migratory bird of Swallow, which migrates with the change of seasons and likes to enter and leave people's houses or eaves in pairs. Therefore, it is favored by the ancients and often appears in ancient poetry, or cherishes spring and hurts autumn, or exaggerates sadness, or reposes lovesickness, or is sentimental about current events, with rich images and expressive expressions, which are far behind other things.

(1) shows the beauty of spring and conveys the feeling of cherishing spring. According to legend, swallows come to the north in spring and return to the south in autumn, so many poets beautify and praise it as a symbol of spring.

(2) show the beauty of love and convey the desire for a lover. Swallows are male and female, and they fly together, thus becoming a symbol of love. "Thinking of two swallows, holding a mud nest in your home" and "Yaner is newly married, like brothers" (The Book of Songs? Gu Feng ")," Yan Yan can fly, and her feathers are different. Her son has returned to the wild "(The Book of Songs? It is precisely because of this pair of swallows that I have a love for swallows and a yearning for flying with me.

(3) Express the changes of current events, and express the feelings and indignation over the ups and downs of the past, the metabolism of personnel, the extinction of the country and the destruction of the family. Swallows leave in autumn and come in spring, never forgetting their old nests. The poet seized this feature and gave vent to his indignation. The most famous is Liu Yuxi's "Wuyi Xiang": "The Suzaku Bridge is overgrown with weeds, and the sun sets in Wuyi Xiangkou. In the old society, Xie Wang Tang flew into the homes of ordinary people. " In addition, there is a feast of "helpless flowers falling, familiar with Yan Gui, wandering alone in the small garden incense path" ("Huanxisha").

(4) Pass the book on behalf of others, and lightly complain about the pain of leaving love. In the Tang Dynasty, Guo Shaolan's Yanzu poems spread to her husband Renzong. Injong left home for Jiahu and never returned for several years. Shao Lan's poems were written by Yan Zu. Living in Jingzhou at that time, Yan suddenly leaned on his shoulder and saw a book tied to his foot, which explained that it was sent by his wife and returned with tears. His poem "seeing my husband off" said: "My husband went to the heavy lake, and I cried at the window. I am diligent and given to my thin lover by Yan Yi. " Who said that "flying swallow between beams is too heartless" (Cao Xueqin? "A Dream of Red Mansions"), it is because of the goodwill of the swallow that the husband changed his mind and the husband and wife met.

(5) Express the feeling of wandering and describe the suffering of wandering. "Sacredness, intuition and analogy are the main ways of thinking of the Han nationality" (Zhang Dainian? China's Thinking Deviation), flowers, birds, insects and fish are all written by literati, and birds and beasts show the poet's talent. Goose mourns autumn, ape sings, cicada sends high. The uncertainty of the swallow's habitat has left a rich imagination space for the poet, or wandering, "like a new swallow every year, roaming the vast sea to repair the rafters" (Zhou Bangyan? Man Fang Ting); Or the ups and downs of life experience, "Looking at Chang 'an from afar, the future is full of spots, and it is difficult to go from south to north" (in front of Zhang Kejiu Palace); Or meet and say goodbye, "Like a social swallow and Hong Fei, they send each other when they meet unsteadily" (Su Shi? Send Chen to Tanzhou; Or from time to time, "magnets fly, mica comes to water, earth dragons bring rain, geese fly" (Liu An? Huainanzi). Swallow is no longer just a swallow, it has become a symbol of China's traditional culture, and has been integrated into the blood of every Chinese descendant.

4. Wind, frost, rain, snow and water clouds:

Sea: majestic and magnificent

Waves: the ups and downs of life

Turbulent waves: the danger of life and the treachery of rivers and lakes

River water: the passage of time, the short and long sadness of years. Historical development trend

Autumn water: refers to the eyes and describes the urgency of hope. The second fold of the third volume of The West Chamber "looks through his autumn waters and scratches his faint spring mountain." Spring mountain refers to the eyebrows.

Smoke: the hazy emotion, the dim future, the failure and disillusionment of the dim ideal.

Light rain: the hope of spring life is imperceptible.

Rainstorm: Cruel and enthusiastic political struggle swept away the power of evil forces and cleaned up the power of pollution.

Spring breeze: broad-minded, happy and full of hope.

Dongfeng: Spring is beautiful.

West wind: a lonely, melancholy, declining and wandering home.

Gail: The Power of Uprising to Destroy the Old World

Frost: Life is easy to get old, the social environment is bad, evil forces are rampant, and the road of life is bumpy.

Snow: the evil of pure and beautiful environment and the rampant evil forces

Lou: Life is short and fleeting.

Cloud: Wandering wanderers use floating clouds as a metaphor for wandering wanderers, such as "I want to think of you in the floating clouds, so I think of me in the sunset" (Li Bai's "Seeing Friends Off").

Yin Tian: Suppressing sadness and loneliness.

Sunshine: Happy and bright.

Golden wind: autumn wind

The image of "water"

(1) Because water is soft and cold, it is often compared to something that can be seen and touched but difficult to grasp, such as moonlight.

Such as: "The day is cool like water at night, sitting and watching the morning glory and Vega." It reflects the tragic fate of women in feudal times from the side.

(2) Because of the constant shearing and softness of water, water is often used as a metaphor for sadness.

For example, Li Bai's "But since the water is still flowing, even though we cut it with a sword, sadness will come back, even though we drown them with wine." It expresses the poet's anxiety and sadness, because he strongly feels the irreconcilable contradiction between reality and ideal.

5. Objectives

Yu: revisit with dignity and exquisiteness.

Pearl: Beautiful and flawless.

Artifact: refers to the throne and political power. Laozi: "I want to take the world and do it." I don't think I can do it myself. " The world's artifacts cannot be done. "

Sha Ying (Crown): the reputation of official position

Inverted anvil: a woman's longing for her husband.

West Building and Small Building: in my heart forever's Love; Silk and bamboo: music; History: history; Man: man; Woman: woman; Mulberry: hometown; Xuanyuan: the motherland; Three feet: law; Inch tube: pen; Jade bird: messenger

Ships: blue boat, sailing to Pakistan (often compared to a lonely boat), rolling (borrowing a big ship and fighting a ship).

Wu Gou: Nod and sword. For example, Xin Qiji's Hidden Dragon? Deng Jiankang's Banquet Pavilion: "The sunset is on the roof, and in the sound, you wander in the south of the Yangtze River. I met Wu Gou and photographed the railings, and no one would attend. " By watching Wu Gou and patting the railing, I expressed my frustration. I wanted to serve my country and make contributions, but no one understood.

Harp: (1) is a metaphor for harmony between husband and wife. Also known as the "harp". "Poetry? Nan Zhou? Guan Luo: "My Fair Lady, Friends of the Harp." "Xiaoya? The eldest emperor: "A good wife is like a harp." (2) metaphor friendship between brothers and friends. Chen Ziang's poem "Farewell to Friends on a Spring Night" says: "When you get out of the hall, think about the harp, and don't take another road around Sichuan."

Kunshan jade: a metaphor for outstanding talents. Li Si's Book of Persuasion and Pursuit said: "Today, Your Majesty has given Kunshan jade, including the treasure of He Shen (referring to the pearl of Hou and the jade of He), hanging the pearl of the bright moon, taking the sword of Tai 'a (the famous sword of Wu), riding a horse that leaves (the name of a good horse), building a flag of green wind, Chinese alligator slaughter and other animals. Later, people used "Kunshan Jade" as a metaphor for outstanding talents.

In China's classical poems, there are many images to express the feeling of wandering, such as duckweed, flying fleabane and lonely goose, and "boat" is one of the most common images to express this feeling. A boat with a leaf, the sky is vast, and it is getting smaller and smaller than people; People who see many foreign scenery during their journey are more likely to cause infinite thinking. The image of "ship" in Du Fu's poems appears frequently and has a strong sense of wandering;

The breeze rippled on the grassy coast, through the night, and blew to my still mast. The endless plains are dotted with drooping stars. The moon runs with the river. I hope my art can bring me fame and liberate my sick old age from the office! . Drifting is just a sandpiper in the vast world! .

Contrary to the sense of wandering, another typical connotation of the image of "ship" in China's classical poems is "freedom". The origin of this thought can be traced back to Zhuangzi, who said, "A clever woman can't cook without rice, and a clever woman can't cook without rice. Traveling with a full stomach is like a ship that is not tied, and it is also empty. " Although his thought is negative, for China literati, "a boat without fetters" has become an attractive life ideal:

6. Color category

White: Innocent.

Red: Passionate and unrestrained, the happy event of youth.

Green: hope, vitality and peace.

Blue: elegant and melancholy

Huang: Warm and peaceful.

Purple: noble and mysterious

Black: darkness, despair, solemnity, mystery, nostalgia for the dead, eventful autumn.

7. About people's quality and behavior.

Hero: Admire and admire, sigh with shame.

Villains: Despise Zhi Ming's introspection and flogging.

The past of the Six Dynasties, the dream of the past of the Southern Dynasties: representing the prosperous life of the past.

Strike: it means determined to serve the country and recover lost ground.

Emei: Beauty

Emei: a noble virtue

Tao Zhu: The nickname of Fan Li, a doctor of the State of Yue in the Spring and Autumn Period. According to legend, after he helped Gou Jian destroy Wu, he left Yue for Tao. He was good at managing his own livelihood and accumulated a lot of wealth, so later people called him "Tao Zhu" or "Tao Zhugong" and he was a rich businessman.

Zhu Rong: It is said that the ancestor of The King of Chu State was Huo Zheng (the official in charge of fire) of Gao Xin Di Ku, who was called Zhu Rong because of his light and world, and was later worshipped as Vulcan; So the fire is called the Zhu Rong disaster.

Qingqing Wei Zi: A talented person.

Bag: Also known as bag, bag and bag. Borrow vulgar works and make more modest words. Write more "spring snow" to express your smallness.

Writing the rules of the game: refers to the blood shed for a just cause. Later, users also used "game-writing protocol" and "Gao Hong Bi Hua" to describe the death from resentment or loyalty. For example, The Injustice of Dou E: "It is not my Dou E who sent such a headless wish. This is a real grievance ... this is our ambition to spread flowers and see the emperor. "

Folding laurel: a metaphor for imperial examinations and. The Book of Jin was published: "Emperor Wu sent someone to the East Hall and asked,' What does Qing think of himself?' I said to him,' I am the first in the world, a branch of Guilin, Pian Yu in Kunshan. "'

Huaiju: refers to filial piety to parents.

Cai Wei: Borrowing means seclusion. Historical records? "Biography of Boyi" records: "The King of Wu put down the Yin chaos, and the world was dominated by the Zhou Dynasty. Boyi and Shu Qi were ashamed of this, and they hid in shouyangshan and ate it from Wei." It tells the story of Boyi and Shu Qi who live in seclusion and refuse to serve Zhou. Later, he also showed his persistence in moral integrity.

Poets often use the images of "mountain" and "palace" in their poems to express the contradiction and conflict between ideal and reality. The so-called "Palace Que", also known as "Wei Que", is synonymous with the imperial court and a symbol of the poet's being reused in power. The so-called "mountain forest" refers to the poet's image of seclusion in the mountains when his political ideal is shattered or frustrated and he has no way to serve the country.

Love red: a metaphor for people who are sad, miserable and displaced. When writing poems, envoys traveled around the world and saw refugees flying in the wild like wild geese. Refugees enjoyed the arrival of envoys, and they all poured out their hearts together, like the sound of wild geese. Later, Hongyan was in the wild, and there was sorrow everywhere, which meant that the people were displaced.

Xu Xu: It means that women recite snow. Refers to a woman who is good at reciting and has extraordinary talent. Later, "Xu Xu" means praising Si Nuo, and "Xu Xucai" means extraordinary talent.

Nanguan: refers to prisoners. The allusion comes from Zuo Zhuan? In the ninth year of Chenggong, Zhong Yi, a Chu man, was imprisoned by the Jin Dynasty and still wore the Southern Crown. Fan Wenzi praised it as a gentleman's trip: later ordinary literati used it to refer to their honest prisoner life.

8. Location:

Monuments: nostalgia, ambition, rise and fall (country), decline, depression (monuments are generally closely related to the ancients)

Country: homesickness, vulgarity, rural scenery, pure, beautiful, comfortable and quiet life.

Grassland: the vast realm of life and the human mind.

City (street): prosperous, lively, rich and luxurious.

Wonderland: elegant, beautiful, clean, forgetful and vulgar.

Pinglan: I miss my old country, hometown and relatives.

Nanshan stands for a secluded place, Taoyuan stands for an ideal paradise, and Wu Lingren stands for a hermit.

Liu Ying: It refers to the barracks. Later, it was also called the disciplined military camp.

Heaven and Earth: HarmonyOS System, Yi Xi, Taiqing and Taixu.

Nanpu: In ancient Chinese poetry, Nanpu was a place where water was sent to the frontier. Qu Yuan's Nine Songs? Hebo: "Take your son to the east and send the beauty to Nanpu." Jiang Yan's "Biefu": "Spring grass is green and spring water is surging. It's so sad to send you to Nanpu!" The ancient people's farewell to the water is not only in Nanpu, Nanpu has become a proper term for the farewell place near the water.

Changting: It is reported to other places on land. Li Bai Bodhisattva Xia: "Where are you going home? The pavilion is shorter. " In China's classical poems, the pavilion became a farewell place on land.

9. Other categories

Dog in white: also known as the dog in white clouds, it is a metaphor for impermanence. From Du Fu's poem "Alas": "The clouds in the sky are like white clothes. You should become like a pale dog. Throughout the ages, life has nothing to ask for. " Personnel changes are like floating clouds, like white clouds for a while, like dogs for a while.

Dawn: the first hope

Late at night: nostalgia

Snow: jadeite jade, broken jade, ice flower, six out;

Ice and snow: the crystallization of ice and snow is a metaphor for the loyalty of the soul and the nobility of character. For example, "Luoyang relatives and friends ask each other, and a piece of ice heart is in the jade pot." (Wang Changling "Breaking up with Xin Jian at Furong Inn")

Bing Xin: The mind is noble. The ancients used "as bright as a jade pot of ice" as a metaphor for a person's aboveboard mind.

Letter: Hongyan in Chiyu, Su Chi

National subjugation: backyard flowers.

Heaven and earth: the smallness of human life, the shortness of mind and the vastness of emotional loneliness.

Floating life: refers to a short and illusory life.

Chaoyang: the hope of vitality and vigor

Sunset: Lost and depressed, cherish beautiful and short life or things.

Noon: Passionate and unrestrained. Evil forces destroy society and people.

Wine: joy, pride, depression and sadness.

Moon: the perfection and deficiency of life, homesickness and homesickness

"Looking at the moon and thinking far away", "Sad for spring and sad for autumn", "Looking at the flowing water and missing youth, life is fleeting" and "Indus drizzle, sad and sad"

Another name for the moon: Moon, Pan Yu, Sewer, Chanjuan, Ghost Palace; Jade plate, jade wheel, Yuhuan, jade hook, jade bow, jade mirror, celestial mirror, jade rabbit, Chang 'e, toad.

Moon: In China's ancient poems, it is a common brushwork to use the moon to set off feelings. Generally speaking, the moon in ancient poems is synonymous with homesickness. In addition, the "Moon" has the following images:

(1) The bright moon contains the sadness of border people.

Such as: "the sand is like snow before returning to Yuefeng, and the moon outside the city is like frost"; "The bright moon in Qin Dynasty, the retreat in Han Dynasty, and the Long March people did not return" is tragic.

(2) The bright moon contains emotional helplessness.

For example, Xie Zhuang said, "Beauty walks in the dust, and there is a bright moon thousands of miles away." Prayer and blessing; Zhang Jiuling "The moon is in the sky, and the horizon is * * * at this time." Hope and desire.

(3) The bright moon symbolizes eternity in time and space.

"If the ancients were running water today, they would look at the bright moon." The plundering of life by time and the helplessness of life in front of time are all vividly demonstrated.

Brother Kong Fang: Because old copper coins have square holes, people call money Brother Kong Fang (with humor and contempt).

Childhood friends: from Li Bai's Long March: "When you, my love, ride a bamboo horse, run in circles and throw your childhood. We live together in an alley in Changgan, and we are all young and happy. " Later, "childhood friends" were used to describe the innocence of men and women when they were young, and also to refer to the partners they knew when they were young.

Award-winning: "Zuo Zhuan? "Three years:" captured the Rong of Luhun, and as for Luo, he watched the soldiers in Zhoujiang. The appointment of the king made the king and grandson work hard in Zi Chu, and the size of Zichu's victory is not important. " Three generations regarded Jiuding as a national treasure, and Zi Chu won the championship, indicating that he was interested in Zhou. Later, he used the metaphor of winning the championship to plot imperial power.

Look behind: behind, leave. It means both parents are dead. Shimi's Chen Qingbiao: "Having a baby in June, parents meet."

Three feet three feet, also known as "three feet method", is synonymous with law. Ancient laws were written on three-foot bamboo slips, so it was called "three-foot method". In ancient times, the sword was about three feet long, so it was synonymous with the sword.

Du Kang: Shuo Wen Jie Zi? Towel department: "Shao Kang, the ancients, made broom wine first. Shao Kang, Du Kang also. " After that, Du Kang was regarded as the representative of wine. Cao Cao's "Short Songs": "How to solve your worries, only Du Kang."

Cardamom: Cardamom is a perennial herb. Du Mu's "Farewell": "It's over thirteen, and it's the second month of cardamom." Later known as the age of thirteen or fourteen.

Teacher: The book of titles is published to refer to teachers.

Three flavors: publishing a bibliography of Handan, which is a metaphor for deep meaning (including praise).

Bao Puzi: Canon Han Feizi? Harmony is a metaphor for sticking to virtue. Having a derogatory meaning:

Get it: Canon Zuozhuan? "Four years in Gong Xuan" is a metaphor for gaining illegitimate interests.

Timing: Canon "Lv Chunqiu? "Yes" is a metaphor for being constrained and not going well.

Heart: Canon's The Three Kingdoms? Shu Zhi refers to people's hearts.

Catch a knife: the classic "Shi Shuo Xin Yu"? Rong Zhi is a metaphor for writing articles on behalf of others.

Liu: The Book of the Later Han Dynasty? The Biography of Xu Zhi, originally referring to the courtesy of sages, now generally refers to the reception of distinguished guests and also refers to accommodation.

Spring and Autumn Period: The Book of Songs? Truffles are metaphors of age, years or ancient history and history.

Pear garden; The garden was originally a fruit and wood garden in the forbidden garden of the emperor. During the Kaiyuan period of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, this place was used as a place to teach song and dance, which trained a large number of outstanding music and dance performers and had a far-reaching influence in history. In this country, the opera clubs of later generations often take "Liyuan" as the representative name, and the opera artists call it "the disciples of Liyuan".

After holding: According to legend, the same woman met under a bridge in ancient times. He waited a long time, but the woman didn't come. Just then, the river surged and flooded the bridge. In order to keep his promise, Weisheng refused to leave and hugged the bridge column and drowned. Later, I stuck to my promise by metaphor. Li Bai's Long March: "Always hold the letter, never give up, and watch silently on the tower."

Volunteer: Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent a young trusted minister to South Vietnam to persuade the South Vietnamese dynasty. The final army said, "Please give me a long tassel, and I will take the king of South Vietnam." Later I used the metaphor of killing the enemy and serving the country.

Fishing Aos: It is said that there are five mountains drifting with the waves in the east of the ancient Bohai Sea. God let fifteen big aos hold it, and the mountain will be settled. A giant of Youbo raised his foot and took a few steps before he reached the place where there were five mountains. He only caught six aojiang at a time, so two mountains sank to the bottom of the sea. Later, it refers to heroic behavior or great ambition. Li Bai's "Letter to Xue Pai": "Don't boast about watching the sea, be depressed and catch your heart."

Pearl Return: Ancient landlords in Hepu were rich in pearls, but local officials were insatiable and pearls were automatically moved to other places. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Meng Taste came to be the prefect, got rid of corruption and abuses, and the pearl returned to Hepu. Therefore, "returning pearls" means that officials are honest and clean. Du Mu's Ten Rhymes of National Danger and Li Chang in Spring: "I still keep the pearl today. When can I get Ji Lang? "

Blue eyes: According to legend, Ruan Ji, a famous figure in the Wei Dynasty of the Three Kingdoms, had blue eyes, and looked up or sideways at annoying people to show contempt or hatred. For those who love or respect, look into his eyes, with black eyes in the middle, to show respect. When he saw Ji Kang's younger brother Ji Xi, he looked at him with disgust. He saw Ji Kang with green eyes. Later, he used "green eyes" to show that he loved or valued people.

Red leaves: a symbol of love. Zhu Hate Spring: "Yun Lan believes in dreams, and red leaves miss autumn as poetry." According to the Tang Dynasty, Lu W picked up a red leaf with a poem of resentment from the ditch outside the palace wall, and then treasured it. Xuanzong let the maid-in-waiting marry, and the maid-in-waiting selected by Lu happened to be the one who wrote poems on the red leaves. Later, I used my fingers and poems to express my feelings.