What does long summer mean?

Long summer (one of the 24 solar terms)

Long summer is the seventh solar term in the twenty-four solar terms of the lunar calendar and the first solar term in summer, which marks the official start of the season in Xia Meng. When the sun reaches 45 degrees of the yellow meridian, it is a long summer solar term. The bucket refers to the southeast, and the dimension is long in summer. Everything has grown to this day, hence the name Long Summer.

Twenty-four solar terms: Long Summer and April Festival. Make a word to understand spring. Summer, holidays. At this time, everything is fake and big. "

Astronomically, Chang Xia said that bidding farewell to spring is the beginning of summer. When the temperature rises obviously, the summer heat comes, thunderstorms increase and crops enter the peak season, people are used to taking long summer as an important solar term.

The origin of solar terms

Long summer is a solar term established at the end of the Warring States Period (239 BC), which indicates the change of seasons. Summer begins all year round.

In fact, according to the standard of climatology, the daily average temperature rises to above 22℃ steadily, starting from summer. Before and after the "Long Summer", only the area south of Fuzhou-Nanling Line in China is really "the trees are dark in midsummer, and the balcony reflects the pond", while some areas in the northeast and northwest have just entered the spring, and the average temperature in most parts of the country is around 18 ~ 20℃, which is ". In May, Sophora japonica blooms in many places. In the long summer, everything is thriving.

Ancient records

Early summer

Long summer, April festival. Make a word to understand spring. Summer, holidays. At this time, everything is fake and big.

Tickle. Bug, bug, make a hole in the soil, go out good night, today people call it a local dog; Moles, moles and crickets have different dialects. Huai Nan Zi said, "The sound of cricket, the sound of cricket, the appearance of cricket, the beginning of Yin Qi, are two things." Summer: March is also a song. And there are five abilities, none of which are skills: flying over the house; The edge can't be bad; Can't swim across the valley; Acupoints cannot cover the body; You cannot continue. Therefore, Shuowen called Fei a five-skill mouse. Notes on Ancient and Modern Times is also called Gugu. "Yaya and Materia Medica are considered as bugs, while Lu Deming and Zheng Kangcheng think frogs are not.

The earthworm came out. Earthworms, that is, lumbricus, are also famous for their singing. In "Li Jie", it is said that those who bow to yin see through yang.

Wang Guasheng, as mentioned in the Illustration, can be seen everywhere, including wild ones, fields with walls, leaves like Trichosanthes kirilowii and Linderae, round hairs like thorns, creeping, May yellow flowers, seeds like projectiles, green ripe, roots like kudzu, thin and complex, also known as sweet potato, crow melon, today. In The Book of Rites, Jacky pointed out: This is the curse. Materia Medica is China's cymbal book, and Tao lived in seclusion to distinguish its fallacies. He said that China cymbals have their own articles, but Wang Gua also has his own articles. It was ridiculous for Confucian scholars at that time to talk without consulting books.

Other historical materials

"Yi Zhou Shu Shi Xun Jie" says: "On a long summer day, it sounds like a song. On the fifth day, the earthworm came out. Another five days, Wang Guasheng. " That is to say, in this solar term, you can first hear the chirping of grubs (that is, slugs) in the field, then you can see earthworms digging in the soil, and then the vines of melon begin to climb and grow rapidly, which describes the phenological scene in early summer.

The book "Eight Chapters of Lotus Life" written by the Ming Dynasty said: "On the day of summer dream, heaven and earth began to merge and everything was beautiful." At this time, the summer harvest crops entered the late growth stage, the winter wheat blossomed and filled, the rape was close to maturity, and the summer harvest crops were basically a foregone conclusion that year. Therefore, there is a saying in agricultural proverbs that "see summer in the long summer". Rice planting and management of other spring-sown crops have also entered a busy season. Therefore, China has always attached great importance to the long summer solar terms. According to records, during the Zhou Dynasty, on the day of long summer, the emperor personally led hundreds of civil and military officials to the suburbs to "welcome summer" and instructed Si Tuleideng and other officials to encourage farmers to work hard.

"The Book of Rites and the Moon Order" explains the saying of Chang Xia: "Insects come out, melons grow long, and bitter vegetables are obvious." It shows that in this season, cockroaches are clamoring for the coming of summer, earthworms are also busy helping farmers loosen the soil, and wild vegetables on rural ridges are also being unearthed.