Introduction of winter in winter

The sun in beginning of winter is located at longitude 225, at the intersection of165438+1October 7-8;

Xiaoxue Sun is located at the intersection of longitude 240,165438+1October 22-23;

The snowy day is located on the 255, 65438+February 6-8 of the Huangjing.

The winter solstice sun is located at the intersection of longitude 270,65438+February 2 1-23;

The slightly cold sun is located at the intersection of 285, 1.5-7 on the yellow meridian.

The severe cold day is located at the intersection of longitude 300, 1, 20-2 1. In the northern hemisphere, winter is the coldest season, and even the temperature in temperate zone may drop below 0℃.

In winter, there will be snowfall in many places, and the snow and ice in most parts of the north will not melt until spring. In winter, the direct point of the sun moves south to the tropic of Capricorn, and then turns back to the north.

Morning exercises in winter should be done sooner rather than later.

"Cold and cold, frozen into a ball." A cold air after New Year's Day let Yangcheng know the color of winter. Before and after the slight cold, due to the sudden drop in temperature, the number of patients with colds in major hospitals in Guangzhou soared by about 30%. Cold air At present, many citizens exercise to strengthen their physique and resist the attack of colds. However, Chinese medicine and western medicine experts told reporters in unison that winter morning is not a good time to exercise. Improper morning exercise can not only keep fit, but may attract a cold. The elderly are the main force of morning exercises, and winter morning exercises should be more alert to the onset of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

The weather changed suddenly, and the number of cold patients increased by 30%

At the press conference of the Ministry of Health on June 65438+ 10/0, Mao Qunan, a spokesman, said that in 2006-2007, China had entered the peak period of influenza epidemic, and the influenza activities in the northern region showed an increasing trend. According to the Beijing Municipal Health Bureau's disclosure on June 54381October 8, there are more than 4,700 flu-like cases in this city every day. Many big hospitals in Beijing are overcrowded, and many patients begin to "shunt" to community hospitals. In community hospitals, doctors prescribe medicine, but patients have no medicine to eat. Some medicines for treating colds are in short supply.

The reporter learned that although there was no flu in Guangzhou, due to the sudden drop in temperature before and after the slight cold, the number of patients admitted to major hospitals suddenly increased, and the number of outpatient and emergency departments in many hospitals increased by about 30%, among which patients with colds, fever, respiratory infections and diarrhea were the most. Liu Yajun, deputy director of the outpatient department of Guangdong Armed Police Hospital, told the reporter that the hospital treated 150 people with colds, 40 to 50 more than usual.

Reading: Old people should get up slowly in winter morning exercises.

Traditional Chinese medicine: Tibet is the main thing in winter, so exercise must "wait for the sun"

"Although we say that life lies in exercise, exercise should not only pay attention to the way and quantity, but also pay attention to time, and it should easily change with the times." Liu Jiaoshou, director of the internal medicine department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, said that according to the theory of "harmony between man and nature" in traditional Chinese medicine, in winter, people should "store essence without releasing it". Although people don't need to hibernate, they should also carry out activities according to different solar terms.

Liu told reporters that the classic Chinese medicine work Huangdi Neijing said when talking about winter health preservation: "In winter and March, this is called closing Tibet, breaking water and ice, and not worrying about the sun. If you go to bed early and get up late, you must wait for the sun. " The general idea of this passage is that the winter climate is cold, flowers and trees wither, and everything is hidden but not exposed. This is the best time for the human body to remain hidden. We should pay attention to protecting the yang, conserve energy, go to bed early and get up late and wait for the sun.

Recommended: Common sense of winter morning exercises for the elderly.

It's exhausting to do morning exercises reluctantly.

Liu suggested that you should sleep in winter no later than at night 1 1. He said 1 1 was the beginning of the next day. At this time, the yang enters the yin, so it is best to go to bed to benefit the yin and yang.

"Some people are very busy at work, they have to work overtime until late at night, or go to bed very late, and they have to work hard to get up early the next day. This' exercise' effect is counterproductive. " Liu said that he didn't sleep well the night before and didn't recover from his sleep. This kind of exercise is not to exercise, but to consume the body. "If you feel tired and sleepy, you need rest instead of exercise. People have to eat when they are hungry and sleep when they are sleepy. This is a normal conditioned reflex, which is not good for the body. "

Morning exercises in winter should be done sooner rather than later.

Liu told reporters that the cold in winter is relatively strong, especially in the morning, because the lowest temperature every day generally appears around 5 am, and the human body's yang is not strong. Going out to exercise at this time is vulnerable to "wind evil". "Virtual evil thieves wind, avoid it sometimes." Liu said that according to the health-preserving rules in Huangdi Neijing, the human body needs to absorb sunlight to supplement the yang in winter. Before the sun comes out, sports will damage the yang, and it is easy to catch a cold, and it is also easy to cause joint pain, stomach pain and other diseases. Generally, half an hour after the sun comes out, the morning cold begins to ease, which is why Huangdi Neijing has to wait for the sun. In short, morning exercises in winter should be sooner rather than later.

Exercise, sweating and taking off clothes are the most likely to catch a cold.

According to Liu, the most common part of morning exercise in winter is to take off your clothes after sweating. He said that because of the cold weather, many people put on more clothes at the beginning of exercise. After exercise, people take off their clothes as soon as they feel hot. At this time, the pores of the human body are wide open, and cold is the easiest opportunity to invade the human body.

"In the same way, wearing a lot of clothes in winter is afraid of cold, and it is easy to catch a cold if you sweat and then take off your clothes." Liu said that it is not better to dress in winter, especially for parents to dress their children, as long as it is moderately not cold.

Western medicine: beware of colds and prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Liu Yajun thinks it's best not to do morning exercises in winter. From the evidence-based point of view, the conclusion of western medicine is very similar to that of traditional Chinese medicine on the issue of morning exercise in winter.

The air is bad in the morning.

Liu Yajun said that many people have a misconception that the air in the morning is good, and so is the air in places with many plants, so they like to do morning exercises in lawns, Woods and other places. In fact, plants can only carry out photosynthesis with the participation of sunlight. Before the sun shines, plants will also inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide. Therefore, the air near plants in the morning is not fresh, and exercise in such an environment is not healthy.

Liu Yajun told reporters that even if it is not the carbon dioxide emitted by plants, the air in the morning is actually dirty. According to the research, the inversion layer near the ground often appears in the second half of winter, which makes it most difficult for air pollutants to spread around 6 am. But when the sun comes out for a period of time and the surface temperature rises, the pollutants in the near-surface layer will spread to the sky.

Liu Yajun said that although there is no concept of wind chill in western medicine theory, the weather is cold in winter morning and the human body's resistance is relatively weak. At this time, sports are also vulnerable to bacterial and viral attacks and catch a cold.

Prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases

"Old people and patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases should not do morning exercises." When Liu Yajun used to be a doctor in the emergency department, he received many patients with myocardial infarction and stroke during morning exercises in winter.

Liu Yajun explained that winter is the high incidence season of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, especially in the cold morning, which is easy to stimulate blood vessels and nerves, excite sympathetic nerves and contract blood vessels, thus increasing blood flow resistance and raising blood pressure; What's more, after a night's sleep, the water in the body decreases and the blood viscosity increases, which are all risk factors for the outbreak of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Liu Yajun specially reminded the elderly and patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases not to bend over and stand upside down for too long during exercise.

"When you bend over, blood will flow to your head, causing congestion in your brain. Normal people will feel brain swelling when bending over for a long time, and people with special risks should prevent cerebral vascular rupture. "

Exercise prescription

For those who insist on doing morning exercises, Liu Yajun said that it is best to wait until after 9 o'clock in winter, when all aspects of the environment are more suitable. It is best to drink 150 ~ 200ml of water or milk before exercise, which can increase blood volume and reduce blood viscosity. Both doctors are opposed to fasting exercise, because after a night's sleep, the energy reserve is insufficient, especially for the elderly, who are prone to hypoglycemia and dizziness during exercise.

Liu said that office workers have to go out at seven or eight o'clock or even earlier, and it is impossible to wait until very late to exercise. However, before the exercise begins, it is best to warm up indoors and feel warm before going out to exercise. Old people can exercise after breakfast. It's okay not to eat too much breakfast and not exercise too vigorously.

Winter is one of the four seasons. The season between autumn and spring [65438+ February to March in astronomy]. China's custom refers to the four months from 1 1 to February of the following year, and also refers to the three months of "October, November and December" in the lunar calendar!