Why are there more crickets from summer to autumn?

When the golden wind rises, the chirping of crickets will ring in people's ears, especially in the dead of night and the bright moon in the sky. Intermittent trill singing can give people a provocative feeling. The ancient poem goes: "The wind in ancient gold is tight, and cicadas sing empty." Don't say the bug is unconscious, Qiu Lai always makes a hoarse voice. "Crickets are insects that know cold and heat, and they are trustworthy when they know it. As the saying goes: "Autumn has come, cricket calls. "For thousands of years, no insect has attracted people's love and attention like crickets, and it has become a unique folk culture in China.

Cricket is an ancient insect, which has existed in this world for 65.438+400 million years. Some people think that cricket has evolved on the earth for nearly 400 million years, so it can be said that it witnessed the rise and fall of dinosaurs. China's earliest collection of poems, The Book of Songs, recorded crickets: "Crickets move in May, and chickens shake their feathers in June. I was in the wild in July, in August, at home in September, and crickets came under my bed in October. " Crickets are widely sung in ancient poetry.

Crickets initially attracted people's interest, not because of their belligerence, but because of their pleasant songs. The sound of this bug often had different feelings in the hearts of the ancients under different circumstances. Du Fu has a poem "Promoting Weaving": "Promoting Weaving is very subtle, and I can't move. Grass roots are unstable, and bed means blind date. A long-time guest has no tears, but it is difficult to let his wife go in the morning. Sad and anxious, grateful and naive. " When writing this poem, Du Fu lived in Qin Zhou. He heard the whine from the crickets, and then he thought of his wife and hometown. Rong Hong and Du Fu feel the same way. His poem "Autumn Night in Guest Rooms" said: "Why do crickets know people's worries when insects cry in the countryside at night?" Bai Juyi's Spring Rain Night said: "Crickets sing at dusk, and there is not much time left. It rains in the middle of the night, and the autumn wind is full of beds. The light is still there at dawn, and it won't be closed at the beginning of the cold. Who will accompany the old man on a sunny day? " Bai Juyi heard the passage of time and the desolation of old age from the chirping of crickets. Huang Furan's "Xiao Yuan Xi, Qiu Chan is everywhere" and Jia Dao's "There are more and more Qiu Chan, and there is no night for toads" are all describing the alternation of seasons, and then lamenting the urgency of time. In another poem by Jia Dao, Wang Jian, the minister, replied, "Everyone smells crickets, and I hate wasting my time. White hair has no intention of tweezers, and Qingshan is more interested. "

Crickets' songs also had special significance to women in ancient times. Autumn is coming, and the weather is cold. Crickets' chirping seems to urge them to knit and sew warm clothes in time. There is a proverb in ancient Youzhou: "A lazy woman is frightened to weave." Crickets' chirping has become a warning and reminder, which is why crickets are also called "knitting promotion". Correspondingly, the beauty in the deep palace and the wanderer in a foreign land will feel their sadness and sorrow when they hear the crickets chirping, so they suddenly feel the lonely geese whining and the deer losing their flock.

According to ancient records, the earliest storage of crickets originated in Chang 'an in the Tang Dynasty. Wang Renyu, a five-generation man, wrote in the "Tianbao Legacy of Kaiyuan": "Every autumn, women and concubines in the palace catch crickets in small golden cages, put them in cages, put them on pillows and listen to their voices at night." Later, people found that crickets had aggressive habits, so they began to fight crickets in the palace. Later, people followed suit and gradually developed into gambling. Gu, a poet in the Song Dynasty, wrote in the Miscellanies of the Negative Mystery that during the Tianbao period of Tang Dynasty, Chang 'an people had the habit of fighting cricket, "carving ivory and keeping it as a cage, with tiger and gold as their capital."

In ancient times, crickets were the favorite of emperors and ordinary people. In this way, the technology of storage and maintenance has developed, so that in the cold winter, some people hold it in their arms and parade in the city. "Ji Sheng at the Age of Emperor Jing" contains: "Occasionally in a crowded room, rhyme stands out from the chest, which is different from the sound of the four walls, helping people sigh, but very leisurely." It is conceivable that when the winter comes, the countryside is silent, and people who are good at feeding, the insects in their arms flap their wings and sing loudly, and their voices are intermittent. How much natural enjoyment should this bring to people who have entered the long winter? "Listening to Gage's songs is intermittent, and her voice is trembling and long, both sad and gratified. It' s really a matter of idleness. "

Nowadays, people in their fifties and sixties have the experience of catching crickets as children, which is a very meaningful memory. Wang Chun, an Amin poet, wrote a poem "Promoting Weaving", which describes the childish state of children catching crickets at night: "The wind is getting colder and colder, and every family promotes weaving. Children crouch at the foot of the wall at night, and the fire between the grass is low. I finally started training and got angry on the spot. Gao Qiu met Yu Yong and recalled the Liao soldiers. " Especially three or four sentences, which are quite interesting.

Crickets sing in Chang 'an in August. Listening to cricket, storing cricket and fighting cricket all started from Chang 'an in the Tang Dynasty and gradually evolved into cricket culture in China. Nowadays, every autumn, "the lotus leaves are raining at night, and the sound of cricket is slightly light", and cricket has become the "first worm on earth" that people from all walks of life like to see.