Why is the harvest festival of farmers in China at the vernal equinox of the lunar calendar every year?

Autumn is the season of harvest and sowing. The autumnal equinox solar term is one of the twenty-four solar terms in autumn, and a festival is also set up in this solar term. So why set up an annual autumnal equinox? Why do you want to set up this festival? Let's use the old calendar book to have a look!

Why celebrate the annual autumnal equinox? As we all know, China Farmers' Harvest Festival is the 16th solar term in the "Twenty-four Solar Terms" of China Lunar Calendar, which is exactly half of the 90 days from beginning of autumn to the first frost. Autumn equinox, sunny weather, sweet-scented osmanthus, crab fat chrysanthemum yellow, is the harvest scene of Man Cang, a valley with fragrant melons and fruits. Traditionally, the autumnal equinox is not only the end of autumn harvest and winter storage, but also the beginning of summer sowing and spring ploughing. As an agricultural proverb in North China says: "The white dew is early, the cold dew is late, and the autumn equinox is the time to plant wheat." Therefore, designating the annual autumnal equinox as "China Farmers Harvest Festival" is not only a tribute and inheritance to the traditional "twenty-four solar terms", but also a reflection of contemporary China people's understanding of the concept of natural replacement, adaptation to natural laws and adaptation to sustainable ecological development.

The characteristics of rapid cooling in autumn equinox make Sanqiu, which is busy with autumn harvest, autumn ploughing and autumn planting, particularly nervous. The autumnal equinox is a good time to harvest cotton and tobacco leaves from green to yellow. Winter wheat has been planted in North China, and the Yangtze River basin and vast areas in the south are busy harvesting late rice and ploughing the land to prepare for rape sowing. Drought and lack of rainfall or continuous rainfall in autumn equinox are the main unfavorable factors affecting the normal operation of Sanqiu, especially the continuous rainfall will make the upcoming crops lodging, mildewing or sprouting, resulting in serious losses. "Sanqiu" is a great help, and the word "early" is the key. Timely harvest of crops in autumn can avoid the harm of first frost and continuous rain, and timely sowing of crops in winter can make full use of heat resources before winter, cultivate strong seedlings to survive the winter safely, and lay the foundation for high yield in the coming year. The autumnal equinox doesn't appear, so cut it and feed it to the old cow. Heading and flowering of double-cropping late rice in South China is the key period for yield formation. The "autumnal equinox" weather formed in advance in low temperature and rainy weather is the main threat to the flowering and fruiting of double-cropping late rice, so we must do a good job in forecasting and defense. Planting chrysanthemums, spinach, garlic, autumn potatoes, onions, vegetables, cattail pollen, soybean sprouts and so on. Strengthen the field management of field vegetables, and extend the harvest period and supply period. Harvest water chestnut, lotus root and water bamboo.

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