Translation of ancient poems

I'm leaving, Willo Yiyi; The road is muddy and difficult to walk, and people are thirsty and hungry.

Recall that when I went out, Yangliuyiyi blew with the wind; Now on the way back, the snow is flying all over the sky.

Yesterday: Point out the time.

Yiyi: A lush appearance. Say, attachment to appearance.

Thinking: suffix particles.

Feifei: The snow looks great.

The old me is gone, and now I'm thinking about rain and snow.

This is a famous sentence in the Book of Songs, which, like a painting, expresses the feelings of a traveler who is away from home to the fullest.

It was spring when I went out, and the willows were dancing. When I came back, it was already rainy and snowy in winter. At this time of year, everything he has experienced is self-evident.

We can imagine that his wife is waiting for him at home. We can imagine his lover waiting for him in his hometown. Even if you have suffered a lot in a year, you have to wait until you meet each other.

There was a man walking alone in the heavy snow, and a lamp was on for him in the distance. That is all his hope, and it is also his motivation to live. For the sake of Liu Yiyi, he can endure rain and snow. The whole article is full of beauty of human nature. The inconvenient transportation of ancient people developed people's thinking and brought people's imagination to the extreme.

I can't imagine that men and women today can create such touching pictures. Marriage, like fashion, becomes stale after a few days. It's normal to sing pop songs for a few days and change to a new song. The new style is not new, so change it to a new one. If so, it doesn't matter. There's nothing wrong with changing hearts. Husband and wife are loyal, and lovers are open. If you are in harmony, you will stay; if you are not in harmony, you will go. This is an ideal state.

The terrible thing is that people's feelings are contaminated with copper smell. Love is not a person, but the social relations behind it, as well as social interests, money, status and so on. For money and enjoyment, people will pay almost everything, including the body, which itself is a resource to make money.

The era of "I used to have a bright future" is over. Sometimes I think, why can't great works be produced in our time, which always affects the works of later generations? The reason is that the economic foundation of this era has undergone fundamental changes, and the spiritual level of culture has become a money-making machine. Can others escape?

"Mourning for Syaraku" refers to the scene contrast method in poetry creation, which has a unique artistic expression effect, that is, "double sorrow and joy". In the poem "Picking Wei", "I have been there, Liu Yiyi; Now that I think about it, the phrase "it's raining and snowing" is used in this way, but there is no corresponding relationship. Use the method of comparison. The "past and present" of time series, "Yang Liuxue" of phenology and "coming and going" of life are spliced and merged to create a typical picture beyond reality. Just four poems, seemingly dull and eloquent, are full of strong artistic appeal. The same "I" is different from the past and the present, but the same road is different from "Liu Yi Yi" and "rain and snow", and all this is generated in the life changes of "going" and "coming".

Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night

Good rain/knowledge/season, when spring/is/happens.

With the wind/diving/night, moisten things carefully/silently.

Wild trails/clouds/all black, river boats/fire/only bright.

Small ridge/red/wet place, heavy flower/brocade/official city.

◆ "Good rain knows the season, when spring happens."

This is a masterpiece that depicts the rainy scene on a spring night and shows joy. Praise "rain" with a "good" word from the beginning. The poet vividly described that spring is the season when everything germinates and grows. This spring rain is accompanied by a gentle wind. When night falls, it comes quietly, silently and carefully, nourishing everything. The poet personified the rain and said it seemed to know the solar terms. When everything germinated and needed rain, it began to rain. How nice!

◆ "Sneak into the night with the wind and moisten things silently."

Rain is "good" not only because it is timely, but also because it "moistens things silently". Spring rain, usually accompanied by a breeze, carefully moistens everything. At this point, the word "good" has been implemented. "Sneak into the night with the wind and moisten things silently." This is still anthropomorphic. The combination of "sneaking into the night" and "silence" not only shows that rain is a drizzle accompanied by a breeze, but also shows that rain is intended to "moisten things quietly" Dont Ask For Help knew that when people were sleeping at night, it floated softly and quietly.

◆ "Wild trails and clouds are all black, and rivers and boats are bright."

The author was too happy to sleep. Looking from the window, he can't see the river and the path. The sky is covered with dark clouds, and only the lights on the ship are on. It looks certain that it will rain until dawn.

◆ "Xiao looks at the red and wet place, and Jinguan City is heavy."

Seeing the heavy rain, the author can't help but imagine the beautiful spring scenery in the city after dawn. There was a good rain last night, and everything was wet. Go and have a look early tomorrow morning! The whole Jinguan City (Chengdu) will merge into a sea of flowers.

How vivid the author's infinite joy is! But the word "hi" in the title does not appear in the poem, but between the lines, full of the poet's joy.

Xijiang month

The bright moonlight woke up the magpies in the branches, and the refreshing night wind blew the cicadas' chirping.

The moon on the horizon rose to the top of the tree, scaring away the magpies perched on the branches.

Rice flowers are talking about the harvest year, and you can hear frogs in your ears.

The cool evening breeze seems to have spread to cicadas in the distance.

Sparse stars just hung far away from the horizon, and in a blink of an eye, drizzle and wine fell in front of the mountain.

In the fragrance of rice and flowers, people talk about the harvest of a year, and frogs croak in their ears, as if in a bumper harvest year.

The inn used to be next to the Woods of the village temple. When the road turns the source of the stream, it suddenly appears in front of you.

In the old days, Maodian was near the forest, and the road turned to Xitou.

Xijiang month

Middle section of Huangsha Road at night

Xin Qiji

The moon on the horizon rose to the top of the tree, scaring away the magpies perched on the branches. The cool evening breeze seems to have spread to cicadas in the distance.

There are seven or eight stars in the sky. Before it rains at two or three o'clock, the old shop is near the forest and the road turns to the stream bridge.

general idea

The bright moonlight woke up the birds and magpies, and they left the branches and flew away. A breeze blew in the middle of the night, and cicadas kept barking. In the fragrance of rice flowers, there are frogs, as if telling a story of a good year. Soon, dark clouds covered the moon. There are only seven or eight stars twinkling on the horizon in the distance, and it actually started to rain in front of the mountain. Pedestrians panic: there used to be a thatched shop next to the trees in the earth temple to shelter from the rain, but now it is gone. He hurried across the stream from the small bridge and turned a corner, and the Maodian appeared in front of him.

To annotate ...

The word was written by the author in the countryside at night. The bright moon and cool breeze, cicadas croaking and frogs croaking, and small streams and bridges flowing water constitute a beautiful and moving picture of summer night in the mountainous areas of the south of the Yangtze River. What carries out the whole article is the love of nature and the joy of harvest. The author is good at grasping the characteristics of summer night mountain villages and understanding farmers' desire for a bumper harvest. In addition, his writing style is light, his language is beautiful, and his syllables are harmonious, which makes people feel like they are in the scene and have endless aftertaste.

(2) Xijiangyue: Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was the name of Jiao Fang, which was later used as the tune of ci.

③ Huangsha: Huangshaling, located in the west of Shangrao, Xinzhou. When the author lived in seclusion by the lake, he often passed this ridge.

4 Other branches: side branches.

⑤ Old Time Shop: A thatched shop that was once familiar.

⑥ Society: Land Temple. Schelling: Woods around the Earth Temple.

Brief analysis

In the first movie of Ci, the unique birds, cicadas and frogs in the summer night in the mountain village make Huangsha Road lively but not lonely. The next movie of the word shows the lightness and fun of walking in the country on a light night, the sudden change of weather and the sudden discovery of the old place. The first and second films are written with true feelings and lively styles, which is an intoxicating rural nocturne.

References:

Yahoo knowledge hall

Tianjin Sha Qiu Si

Ma Zhiyuan was born in 1250 and died in 132 1 year. He was a famous playwright in Yuan Dynasty. Most (now Beijing) people. Ma Zhiyuan's name is unknown. The name "Dongli" was later used to show Tao Yuanming's ambition. His time was later than that of Guan Hanqing, Bai Pu and others. His birth year should be before the Yuan Dynasty (starting from 1264), and his death year should be between the Zhi Zhi Reform and the first year of Taiding (132 1- 1324). He used to be a provincial official in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces.

There are sixteen kinds of Ma Zhiyuan's zaju, among which there are seven existing ones: Tears of Sima Qing in Jiangzhou, Lonely Goose in Autumn in the Han Palace, Three Drunken Yueyang Tower in Lv Dongbin, Thunder at Midnight, Ma Danyang Being a Wind Son Three Times, Opening an Altar to Teach Yellow, and Sleeping in Chen Tuan on the West Huashan Mountain. Ma Zhiyuan's Sanqu works are also famous. A volume of Dongli Yuefu, revenue 104, 17 episodes. The content of his zaju is mainly deified Taoist priests, and all his plays involve stories of Quanzhen religion. At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, Jia said in his poem: "Fairy horses are among the flowers, and immortals are far away", and "the name is fragrant all over the pear garden".

When Ma Zhiyuan was alive, Mongolian rulers began to attach importance to "obeying the Chinese law" and appointed Han literati, but it failed to be universally implemented, which brought a little fantasy and more disappointment to Han literati. In his early years, Ma Zhiyuan was ambitious in his official career. In a group of stray songs, he claimed that "he wrote a poem for the Dragon Family", but it was fruitless for a long time. Later, as a small local official, I was completely dissatisfied and my working hours were probably not long. In such a wasteful experience, he gradually became disheartened. While complaining, he claimed that he had seen through worldly fame and fortune, regarded himself as a hermit and sought liberation in Taoism.

translate

From a distance, crows at dusk are looking for old vines to inhabit. A closer look shows that there are people living near the small bridge and flowing water. In front of them, there is only a thin horse carrying a wandering wanderer, walking slowly on the ancient autumn wind road. Looking at the afterglow of the sunset, the broken-hearted people wandering outside are wandering around the world.

Detailed comments

This is Ma Zhiyuan's famous song, and 28 calligraphy and paintings show a lonely place. This song is heartbroken. The author's lyrical motivation can be seen from the title.

In the first two sentences, the old vines make people faint, and the small bridges flow, creating a cold and bleak atmosphere and showing a fresh and quiet realm. The old vines here give people a bleak feeling, and it is already evening. Small bridges and flowing water make people feel relaxed and happy. 12 calligraphy and painting create a quiet pastoral scenery in late autumn. The ancient road became thinner with the west wind, and the poet described a bleak and desolate artistic conception of autumn wind, adding another layer of desolation to the quiet rural map. The setting sun adds a bit of bleak light to this bleak picture and deepens the sad atmosphere. The poet skillfully connects ten plain and objective scenes in series, and naturally puts the poet's infinite worries in the picture through words such as withered, old, light, ancient, western and thin. In the last sentence, heartbroken people are the crowning touch in the horizon. At this time, a wanderer appeared on the picture of the country in late autumn. On the desolate ancient road when the sun sets, he leads a thin horse and walks in the biting autumn wind. It hurts, but he doesn't know where his home is. This poem reveals the poet's sadness and expresses the theme appropriately.

This poem has only five sentences and 28 words, and its language is extremely concise but its capacity is huge. With a few strokes, I drew a homesick picture of a wandering wanderer, which vividly conveyed the voice of a wandering wanderer.

This picture consists of two parts:

First, carefully selected groups of scenery that can represent Xiao Qiu form a twilight autumn wild map; Second, describe a wanderer walking alone in the cold autumn, with endless pain in his heart.

The first painting is *** 18 with nine nouns, without empty word, which is natural and fluent, with rich connotations. With his skillful artistic skills, the author bathed nine different landscapes in the afterglow of the sunset, presented them to us in a "montage" brushwork like a focal plane, and brought the readers into the late autumn season at once: several dead vines were wrapped around several bald trees with yellow leaves. We can imagine that crows can still have old trees to return to, but wanderers are homeless. How miserable and helpless it is! Next is a small bridge, flowing water, and a small farmhouse with faint smoke. The rural scenery in which such people live is so quiet and sweet, comfortable and carefree. All this can't help but remind the wanderer of the bridges, flowing water and relatives in his hometown. Here, the sad feelings are written in the happy scene, which sets off the helpless sadness of the wandering wanderer.

In the second painting, we can see that in the bleak autumn wind, on the lonely ancient road, a wanderer suffering from homesickness rides a long-delayed thin horse and wanders into the distance in the heavy twilight. At this time, the sun sets, scattering a bleak oblique light. This is the reunion moment when birds return to their nests, cattle and sheep return home and people return home. However, the wanderer is still "the end of the world is reduced." At this moment, this situation, a wandering in a foreign country, in the face of such a bleak and desolate scene, how can it not be sad, heartbroken and heartbroken! The heart of a wandering wanderer drops blood in the autumn wind. ...

A very short ditty expresses its indescribable connotation, vividly depicts the sad inner world of a wanderer and gives people a shocking artistic feeling. Reading makes people feel bitter, and singing makes people feel more sad. People who watch this song without tears don't know what it means.

On the one hand, this poem has won such high praise because it depicts a wonderful late autumn evening scene and truly shows the loneliness and sadness in the world. Although depressed, it reflects the depressing atmosphere of the times at that time and has certain social significance. On the other hand, more importantly, it has high artistic achievements. The obvious features are:

1. Simple and profound interdependence

Song Yu, an ancient man, once described a beautiful woman's figure as "adding one point is too long and subtracting one point is too short". The refinement of the characters in Tianjingsha Qiu Si can also be said to have reached the point where one word cannot be added or subtracted. There are only five sentences and twenty-eight characters in the whole article. No exaggeration, no allusions. It is a vivid picture outlined by pure line drawing: in the late autumn evening, a travel-stained wanderer rode a thin horse and walked alone on the ancient road against the chilly west wind. He walked past an old tree covered with withered vines and saw crows hovering in the treetops at dusk. He crossed the small bridge across the stream and came to the doors of several families by the stream. At this time, the sun is about to set, but he hasn't found a place to stay. It will be a long night, and he can't help feeling sad and deeply sad. As for why the wanderer drifted here? Where on earth is he going? These meanings can be left to the reader to imagine. This poem is really a masterpiece with simple words and rich meanings, and less wins more. In the first three sentences and eighteen words of the poem, * * * wrote nine things: rattan, tree, crow, bridge, water, home, road, wind and horse. Every word, every word and every scene can be described as "cherishing ink as gold". However, brevity is not simple. Before the names of nine things, there are modifiers expressing their own characteristics, such as withered, old, faint, small, flowing, human, ancient, western and thin, which make all things have distinct personalities and make unrelated things form a unity in the desolate late autumn twilight. The author has no place to write these things, nor does he write about the relationship between these things and the activities of vagrants, but readers can imagine them and connect them closely. In simplicity, you can see depth and fineness.

2. Static and dynamic scenes set each other off.

The artistic effect of Tianjingsha Qiu Si is also due to the successful use of foil techniques. The author brings many relatively independent things into a picture at the same time, thus forming the mutual contrast between dynamic and static, bright and dark, background and subject: the "flowing water" in dynamic contrasts with the "small bridge" and "people" in static, showing a quiet environment; "West Wind" and "Ancient Road" set each other off to make the road more desolate; On the autumn scenery map sketched by the author, on the one hand, the dead vines, old trees and crows are gloomy in the autumn wind and small showers, and on the other hand, the afterglow of the sunset paints the dead vines, old trees and crows with a touch of gold; The "small bridge flowing water" presents an elegant and comfortable scene, which is in contrast with the wanderer who fell into a foreign land, making the "heartbroken person" more sad. Judging from the whole composition, the first four sentences are about scenery and the last one is about people. But people are the main body and scenery is the background of people's activities. When the background is written, the main body is set off. This is the wonderful use of mutual contrast.

3. Scenery and emotion blend together

Poetry expresses ambition. This poem aims to express the sorrow of the people who were born. But people's thoughts and feelings are abstract and difficult to express. The author uses the traditional writing method of attaching affection to things to portray this bitterness and sorrow incisively and vividly. Dead vines, old trees, faint crows, westerly winds, thin horses, sunset, tangible and sensible things all have obvious late autumn colors, which are similar to intangible and abstract bitterness. Only by seeing and touching can people feel concrete and vivid. Just like "Ask you how worried I can be?" ? Just like a river flowing eastward, "sorrow" has nothing to do with "water", but the author uses the river as a metaphor for sorrow, and the two are "like". It is very profound to express infinite sadness with the scenery of the river flowing eastward. Natural scenery originally had no thoughts and feelings, but when the poet incorporated these objective things into his aesthetic comprehension and feelings, they were endowed with emotional colors and merged with people's thoughts and feelings. "Little Bridge Running Water" is just a very common landscape, but when it is in the same picture with "Tianya heartbroken man", it is no longer an isolated scene, but the fuse of heartbroken people, which brings a sad atmosphere to the picture. The so-called "feelings are presented by scenes, and scenes are born by feelings" is the truth. "Tianjingsha Qiu Si" can be called a masterpiece with feelings in the scene, scenery in the feelings and a seamless scene.