Make an image, make an image, which one should it be? What's the difference between doing and not doing?

It is generally believed that "doing" is concrete action and "doing" is abstract action. I always think so. Although I have doubts in my heart, concreteness and abstraction are relative. What should I do if I encounter concrete and abstract confusion? Recently, I used the textbook "Practical Chinese" (Volume III) edited by Beijing Language Institute and published by Commercial Press, only to find that the confusion was beyond my imagination: I was a guest at the old captain's house (148 page), and the old captain's wife Tian Auntie and daughter Xiaohua were cooking at home. When I heard that there were guests coming, I quickly left home. (page 149) It is said that "being a guest" is more abstract than "cooking" and "cooking" is more specific than "being a guest", but the text is written in the opposite way. Sometimes the writing in the book seems very casual: I feel a little uncomfortable, so he is busy calling a doctor, buying medicine, doing this and doing that for me. (Page 107) Aunt Ding said, "If I feel a little sick, he will be busy doing this and that and let me eat." Mrs. Brown saw jiaozi lying there neatly and praised, "Well done! ..... "(page 15 1) Please try our jiaozi in China later. (page 167) Some people have eaten it, saying that the outside is made of flour and the inside is meat and vegetables, which is delicious; (Page 167) This makes us wonder, is there a difference between "doing" and "doing"? Secondly, we investigated Qian Zhongshu's Collection of Seven Characters, Lv Shuxiang's Analysis of Chinese Grammar and Li Rong's Problems of Chinese Characters. The authors of these three books are all famous. Mr. Qian is famous for his extensive knowledge and super memory. Mr. Lu is meticulous and clear as water, which makes people respect him; Mr. Li is hard to think. He is very strict when asking for help. Some people like it, some people are afraid. The result of the investigation is that none of the three gentlemen can completely distinguish the two words. Mr. Qian prefers to use the word "left". This can be seen from the Preface to Revised Edition that came into my eyes as soon as I opened Kai Pei Ji: I have made some revisions since the publication of this book. Thanks to Comrade Wei Tongxian for giving it the opportunity to appear. Comrade Xin Guangwei has worked hard to help the publication of this book, and I thank him. By the way, three articles in this collection of poems were selected by French scholar Mr. White into my Five Theories of Poetics and carefully translated. In my translation "Preface", I also expressed my surprise that "domestic sales" became "exports". The word "Left" is also commonly used in books: it does not attempt to evaluate China's old poems and paintings, but only clarifies the comparative evaluation of poems and paintings by China's traditional criticism. (page 1) Critics in the new tradition can have a more comprehensive understanding of the works in the old tradition and make an objective estimate; (Page 3) ... Mrs. Torres is a born fox, but she is bent on becoming a hedgehog. (Page 26) A painter made such an illustration: (Page 46) All these illustrate or appreciate the meaning or art of the original work. (page 93) Literati's good reputation and envy of talents have always been a laughing stock ... (103) An orphan martyr in the late Ming Dynasty and a literary attendant in the early Qing Dynasty tried to make the same psychological answer. (page 127) But we can also see examples of "doing", although such examples are rare: ... luring people to love foreign works as if they were matchmaking, ... (Page 8 1) If she sings "Acura" in no key, it is obviously acting, ... (Page 7 1) Monks write poems, and of course they come to our store by hand. (Page 74) Although Song Qi's poems are deeply influenced by "Quincy Style", ... (Page 2 1) There is only one place where Mr. Qian uses "do" three times in a row: if someone does an experiment, ... of course, no one has done this experiment, and it may not be necessary. (/kloc-page 0/05) It seems that Mr. Qian also thinks that "experiment" is concrete and should be done. Contrary to Mr. Qian, Mr. Wang prefers to use the word "do" Let's take a look at some sentences in the previous sections of this book. (Teacher Lu's book has a section number before each festival. We use the version number to indicate the source, so that people of different versions will check it. ): The solution to this problem lies in investigating the actual use cases. (Preface) This paper attempts to comment on the problems existing in Chinese grammar system ... (Section 1) Of course, it is best to use letters as symbols ... (Section 3) Generally speaking, there are two and a half things that can be used for grammar analysis: ... (Section 4) You can also use "morpheme" as the smallest unit ... (Section 9) Please pay attention to the following matters. Especially in the form of "verb+left", Mr. Lu wrote "left": "called (section 2)," subsection (section 38), "counted as (section 4 1)," regarded as (section 72), "translated as (note For example, sometimes prepositions with nouns can be used as predicates. For example, (page 120) some prepositions can take objects as predicates, which is why ... prepositions with nouns and prepositions with objects refer to the same thing, but they use "left" once and "left" once. Others, for example, do not have the main characteristics of nouns (as subject and object) and the main characteristics of predicates, namely verbs and general adjectives (as predicate). (Section 44) There is almost no difference between adjectives as predicates and intransitive verbs as predicates, and they may not fall into another category. On the other hand, further analysis is needed to see what it contains. (v 75) It would be very interesting if someone collected all kinds of charts and symbols that have been used or may be used in some analysis and made a comparative study. (Page 79) Mr. Qian and Mr. Lu have their own strong points, and it seems that they also have their own strong points, but it is inevitable to use different words in the same situation. Like Mr. Qian Zhongshu, Mr. Li Rong prefers to use the word "left". Here are three examples: in the process of gradually realizing the four modernizations, linguistics and philology should make due contributions. (page 1) The text, even the title, and the word "Zhuang" have been read for 39 times, all using surnames. (Page 20) There are various cases of variant characters. Here, only the width of the function is briefly explained. (page 2 1) this book is about philology, so there are many statements about "a word is a certain" and "a word is a certain", which may be fixed statements in philology and are not enough to prove. However, all the forms of "V ~" in the book are written as "V Left", and the books include "used for (2 1 page)," read for (22 pages), "adapted for (24 pages)," writing (9 pages), "mistaken for (10 page) and" sketch. But we also found five examples of "doing", one of which is "calling": the way I collect information is not comprehensive and systematic, and it takes too much manpower and time to do so. (2 pages) On the one hand, this will delay the general readers and encourage this illusion. (Page 13) "Clamping hands" means clamping hands, so the word "clamping" is written as "grasping" from both hands. There is also the word "help" in the previous sentence as the basis for imitating and adding hands. (Page 45) Later generations copied or carved ancient books, sometimes inadvertently writing typos. This is called "Three-character Classics". (Page 74) Running errands is related to doing things, and it seems to be written as "running errands". (page 93) The third example can be compared: intentional rewriting is often based on unintentional innovation ... (page 76) Careful consideration, such as Mr. Li, still can't avoid confusing these two words, which shows that these two words are actually indistinguishable. (1) Since these two words can't be separated, can they be simply combined? Let me talk about the direction of the merger first. It is obviously impossible to combine "doing" with "doing". It is impossible for us to change the fixed writing methods such as "work", "composition", "style" and "work". The desirable merger direction can only be and "Do" is "Do". This method is not unheard of. Mr. Lao She's Camel Xiangzi has an index, so we checked it by the way. The whole book only has "doing" but not "doing". Camel Xiangzi is a successful work, which can prove that there is no problem with the merger. But we estimate that if we want to cancel "doing" and just use "doing", people who want elegant words can't get through. Therefore, another way to take care of the status quo is to continue to separate the two words, just to modify the current separation standard. Abstract and concrete standards have proved to be infeasible. First, we can't divide human activities into simple abstract and concrete categories. Second, even if we divide this category, we can only make a long list for people to follow, but we can't turn it into simple rules for people to master. Therefore, the feasible way is to combine grammatical classification, just like abolishing the word "bottom" at the beginning of this century and allocating the word "de" with grammatical standards. The method that can be considered is to write all verbs as "do" as predicates and all fixed words as "do". In this way, the existing words can be kept as they are now, such as writing, work, composition, homework, style, function, action (noun), action (verb), author, work, opposition, invalidity, enjoyment, abandonment, work and rest, forgery, crime, fighting, being a master, crime, doing things (= method) ... This form expresses the meaning of an idea or the result of an action, rather than a specific action added to the object. This writing is also in line with the current usage habits of most people. It is even more difficult to distinguish between words and phrases. For example, writing a poem ~ being a poet ~ being a man ~ doing things ~ doing things may be hard and fast. I tend to analyze into structure, so I advocate the latter form of writing. From this point of view, this method is not omnipotent after all, but fortunately there are not many. In this way, our suggestion becomes, if it involves Shang Ya, we will do it according to the method we put forward; If you follow the custom and do it according to Lao She's method, you will write "works". However, it should be pointed out that elegance and vulgarity change with the times. In ancient times, there was a "line" but no "line". Here is an example of the bronze inscription, two examples of the Book of Songs and two examples of the Analects of Confucius, all of which are models of ancient culture. White Plate: In the first month of the tenth year and the second year, on the first day of Shanghai, a treasure plate was made. "The Book of Songs": You live in the past, who will be the teacher? The Book of Songs Zhou Song Tianzuo: The sky is a mountain, and the king is barren. The Analects of Confucius: It is not easy to make mistakes, but those who are good at making trouble have nothing. "The Analects of Confucius": Speaking without action, believing in the past, stealing is not as good as my old Peng. Guang Yun did not accept the word "Left" until Ji Yun pointed out that "a well-known work is" Left ". In other words, until then, "Zuo" was included as a "vulgar word" and was considered wrong. If you think "classical" means "elegance", then writing "left" all the time means elegance. Note (1) Of course, it is not excluded that the works of several gentlemen were planted by mistake when passing through the typesetting room. However, the differences held by several gentlemen are very clear. In particular, the two linguists' different treatment of "verb+Zuo (doing)" can not fail to attract the attention of the typesetting room. In addition, Mr. Lu's books were included in some later published collections of Mr. Lu's works, and some words were revised, but the usage of "left" and "left" has not changed, which shows that the alternate use of these two words is not absolutely exclusive to Mr. Lu. There is only one word that will bring trouble to all those who write "Left", and that is the word "affectation", but it seems that our ancients have long encountered this problem and prepared a complete synonym "affectation" which is rare in a language. The Difference between "Left" and "Left" (Taiwan Province Province) Lin (Mandarin Daily 93. 12. 1 Education Edition) The two words "left" and "left" are likely to be confused whether they are used as a single word or as a single word. What is the fundamental difference between these two words? First of all, according to the "Chinese One-Word Multi-Tone Approval Form" (http://www.edu.tw/edu _ Web/EDU _ MGT/Mandr/EDU6300001/ALLBOOK/Kyjd/F15.htmltype =1&; UNITID = 13 & amp； Categoryid = 278 & fileid = 45498 & open), its reading reason and meaning are somewhat different. Among them, "left" has only one sound, "left" has two pronunciations: Zuo Mo. According to the explanation in the Chinese Dictionary of the Ministry of Education (http:/140.1.1.22/CLC/jdict/main/cover/9001.html), ". There are nine meanings and explanations as follows: 1. Rise up, arouse, for example, make waves and make great efforts. 2. training, such as: a match made in heaven. 3. Creation, such as writing, painting and poetry. 4. Continue, keep, e.g. fighting, briefing. 5. do things. 8. existence. Same as "doing". For example, being a man and being an official. 9. In production. Same as "doing". Like making clothes for others. In addition, when used as a noun, it has the following two meanings and explanations: 1. Career. Like work. There are five meanings and explanations: 1. Become, for example, an official. 2. Do some things, such as doing business, doing experiments and doing things. 3. Hold, make a birthday, make a full moon, and make an anniversary. 4. Make clothes and shoes. 5. There is actually a difference between pretending, such as "only". Therefore, The Mandarin Dictionary clearly states that these two words are only mixed with 1. Do something, 2. Become, 3. Do things, such as doing things, doing things, working, doing things, being a person, being a person. It's customary now. Work, production, composition, creation, fighting, performance, acting, etc.