The Historical Origin of Lu 'an Drum

As early as the third year of Qing Qianlong, Dong, a well-known drum artist in Shangdang area, contacted more than 100 artists in eight counties of Lu 'an and set up a blind team, namely the Drum Artists Performance Club, which later developed into a guild organization meeting. Accordingly, it is generally believed that Lu 'an Drum was formed in the middle of Qing Dynasty at the latest. Early artists were mainly blind, and then people with vision. In the 1950s, female artists appeared.

During the reign of Qianlong in Qing Dynasty, Gao Laizhu, a folk artist living in Changzhi West Street, gradually developed into a dry-plate cavity of upper and lower sentences based on local operas and folk tunes. It is struck with steel plates and flat drums, forming the characteristics of compact rhythm, vigorous rap and steady performance of Quyi. The main bibliographies are: Qin Qiong's night attack on the government, Luocheng's breaking of Mengzhou, Rebecca's sweeping the north, Big Bayi, Little Bayi and so on. In his later years, Gao Laizhu accepted the blind Wei Yintun as the first generation. At that time, the drum book was accompanied by three strings, and the steel plate was changed into an inclined plate, creating a rising plate and a simple interlude. Four long bibliographies have been added to the play, such as Zheng Dong by Xue. With the help of the Huang San Society, Zhang Yine created flower boards, sad boards and other boards, forming a variety of board cavity structures, and added titles such as Huyanqing Hitting People, Bridging Beads, Bridge Seven Gardens, Three Switches, Earrings, Gold Bracelets and Yuhuan, Laundry, Huilong Biography and Qinglong Biography. From 65438 to 0946, seven people, including Zhang Yine and Yu, joined the Quyi Propaganda Team organized by the democratic government-the first professional performance group of Lu 'an Drum. On the basis of the original drum book in Lu 'an, Yu absorbed the essence of Shangdang opera music, enriched the flower board and the sad board, and created the scattered board and the connecting board (also called the transition board) of starting, bearing, turning, combining, planting, sliding, transmitting and sending. The accompaniment includes erhu, banhu, xiaohu and other strings, and percussion instruments; The singing form changed from single person to single person solo and multi-person chorus. At the same time, by adding action performances, the images of joy, anger, sadness and joy are vivid and deeply loved by the masses. Yu and others have also compiled many new bibliographies, such as The Landlord's Long-term Work, Zhang Fenglan's Persuading Her Husband to Join the Army, Hundred Heroes, The Long March of the Red Army, Outline of Land Law, Land Certificate, etc. In War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's time. After the founding of New China, there were mutual assistance and cooperation, Pan Yulin's mutual aid group, sugar-coated shells, constant vigilance, and young couples talking about conscription.

1959, the female artist Shi, who was absorbed by the Quyi team, boldly reformed the flowing plate structure and created a beautiful singing voice suitable for actresses. Key signature was upgraded from G to D, and instruments such as suona and sheng were added, and percussion instruments were replaced by drums, which was refreshing. 1960 attended the national meeting of representatives of the blind and deaf, and was cordially received by the Prime Minister. 1964 10 2. The People's Daily introduced the Lu 'an Drum and published photos of Shu Tian. After 1965, the Quyi team absorbed many people with vision, fundamentally changed the Quyi team and promoted the development of rap art. In the 1970s, Quyi became increasingly prosperous, and folk artists such as Yu, Shi, Jiao Tianbao, Du Yushan, Li and so on were welcomed by the masses. In 1980s, on the basis of inheriting the crystallization of the old artists for many years, the new literary and art workers reformed the traditional singing method of Lu 'an Drum once again: that is, the performers made their own bands, absorbed the dramatic singing methods such as Yangko and Shangdang Bangzi, and set off the atmosphere with the help of modern musical instruments such as electronic organ. Today's Lu 'an drum is not only richer in board, more beautiful in melody, unique in earthy flavor and charm, but also short in door and strong in elasticity. Suitable for street rice fields, indoor singing and stage performances, it is one of the main music types in this province and North China. Quyi writers, led by Fu Huaizhu and others, have created many famous passages, such as Vinegar as the Medium, September 9th, My Wife Rebellion, Water, Fire, Road, The Rolling Door of the New Pearl, and won many awards. Among them, vinegar as the medium 1986 won the second prize of national Quyi performance creation, performance and music design, and Guo won the first prize of accompaniment; September 9th 1990 won the first prize in the National Quyi Competition. At the same time, Cui Changjuan is known as one of the four new flowers of northern Quyi performance. 1In June, 1992, the Chinese Quyi Artists Association and Shanxi Federation of Literary and Art Circles jointly held a seminar on Fu Huaizhu's Quyi works in Changzhi County, making Lu 'an Drum one of the excellent schools in China. 1995 The newly edited Pearl Rolling Curtain represented Shanxi Province in the 2nd China Quyi Festival and won the Peony Award.