Cylinder type

1 overview

1. 1 Classification of cylinders

See fig. 42.2- 1 for the structural composition of ordinary cylinders. It mainly consists of a front cover, a rear cover 9, a piston 6, a piston rod 4 and a cylinder 5.

There are many kinds of cylinders. Generally, it is classified according to the direction, structural characteristics and installation mode of compressed air acting on the piston surface. See table 42.2- 1 and table 2 for the types and installation forms of cylinders.

Fig. 42.2- 1 common cylinder

1- combined dust ring; —Front end cover; 3— YX sealing ring for shaft; 4- piston rod; 5— Cylinder barrel;

6— Piston; 7— YX sealing ring for hole; 8— Buffer control valve; 9— Rear end cover

Table 42.2- 1 cylinder type

Characteristics of category name graph

The compressed air of single-acting cylinder plunger cylinder can only make the plunger move in one direction; Reset by external force or gravity

The compressed air in the piston cylinder can only make the piston move in one direction; Reset by external force or gravity

Compressed air can only make the piston move in one direction; Reset by spring force; Used for short trips.

Diaphragm cylinder uses diaphragm instead of piston. One-way action; Reset by spring force; Short trip; Simple structure, no need to process the inner wall of the cylinder; The diameter must increase in proportion to the stroke. If there is no spring, use compressed air to reset, that is, double-acting membrane cylinder. The diaphragm of long-stroke film cylinder is coiled, which is usually called coiled (bellows) cylinder.

Double-acting cylinder ordinary cylinder uses compressed air to make the piston move in two directions. The piston stroke can be selected according to actual needs, and the force and speed of two-way action are different.

The compressed air of the double-piston rod cylinder can make the piston move in two directions, and its speed and stroke are equal.

The non-adjustable buffer cylinder is equipped with a buffer device, which makes the piston slow down near the end of the stroke to prevent impact, and the buffer effect is not adjustable.

The deceleration and buffering effect of the buffering device of the adjustable buffering cylinder can be adjusted as required.

special

The effective area difference between the two ends of the cylinder piston with cylinder difference is large. The piston moves back and forth based on the principle of pressure difference, and the piston rod side is always filled with compressed air when working.

The two pistons of a double-piston cylinder move in opposite directions at the same time.

The piston rod of a multi-position cylinder can stay at multiple positions along the stroke length direction, and the illustrated structure has four positions.

The series cylinder connects a plurality of pistons in series on the piston rod, and the output force proportional to the sum of the effective areas of each piston can be obtained.

The impact cylinder obtains the rapid impact motion of the piston rod through the combination of sudden large gas supply and rapid exhaust, which is used to cut, punch and drive the workpiece.

Digital cylinder is to install several pistons together in axial sequence, and the stroke of each piston increases from small to large according to geometric series.

The air inlet and exhaust duct and the air guide head of the rotary cylinder are fixed, and the cylinder can rotate relatively. Used for machine tool fixture and wire crimping device.

The servo cylinder converts the input air pressure signal into the mechanical displacement of the piston rod in proportion. Used in automatic adjustment system.

The cylinder of the flexible cylinder is made of flexible material, and the piston is replaced by a roller that clamps the cylinder. For occasions with small output force, small occupied space and long stroke, the cylinder tube can be appropriately bent.

Steel wire rope cylinder replaces the cylinder with rigid piston rod with steel wire rope, which is used in occasions with small diameter and long stroke.

combine

The piston rod area of the cylinder booster cylinder is not equal. According to the principle of force balance, high-pressure gas can be output from the small piston end.

The liquid in the gas-liquid booster cylinder is incompressible. According to the principle of force balance, the large piston is driven by compressed air, and the small piston can output high-pressure liquid in a corresponding proportion by using the unequal areas of every two connected pistons.

The gas-liquid damping cylinder uses the advantages of incompressibility of liquid and easy control of liquid flow to obtain the stable movement of piston rod.