What is the title of this poem?

Pay attention to the topic of poetry and take the first step of appreciation.

It is often said that the topic is the eye of the article, and so is poetry. However, in daily teaching, many teachers and students do not pay attention to the topic of poetry. They often routinely glance at the topic and throw themselves into the interpretation of poetry. So, how important is the topic of poetry in appreciation? Let's look at the following two poems first.

Let's look at Zhu's poem again: half an acre of square pond is opened, and the sky is high and the clouds are light. How can the canal be so clear, with running water at its source? If you look at this poem alone, it is estimated that the first-time readers will think that this poem depicts a clear, calm and beautiful pond and expresses the author's deep love for him. However, the title of the poem is Random Thoughts on Reading.

Let's look at a poem by Zhu Qingyu in the Tang Dynasty: Last night, the red candle stopped in the bridal chamber, and I waited for my uncle and aunt to visit in front of Tianmingtang. After getting dressed, I whispered to my husband that the thrush had expired. Careless readers will think that this poem describes the anxiety of newly married women before meeting their in-laws in the morning. This poem is full of life, but unfortunately, the title of this poem is "To Secretary Zhang on the Eve of Jinshi". It turns out that this poem is a dry poem, which makes people want to borrow questions from newly-married women.

Thus, the title of poetry is of great significance to the appreciation of poetry. We must start from the topic and take the first step to appreciate poetry. In fact, the title of a poem can convey a lot of information.

1. Poetry titles can display poetry categories.

Those negative things in classical poetry, such as love affairs and romantic poems, are not suitable for middle school students to read. In addition, in terms of content, poetry can be roughly divided into: thinking, praising human beings, comforting oneself, caring about the country, hurting things, naming and so on. If we can judge the category of poetry, we can basically grasp the content of poetry and the direction of expressing feelings, and avoid the opposite situation.

For example, the title of Li Bai's Visit to Vietnam tells us that this poem belongs to the category of injury. Poems mourning for the past can be roughly divided into three categories: expressing the sigh of nostalgia; Express the ups and downs of the past; The emotional expression of satirizing the present through the ancient. Knowing this, we can guess that this poem may be one of the above feelings expressed by the poet when he visited his hometown. This poem actually expresses the poet's ups and downs without compensation by comparing the past and present of the old site.

Another example is Wang Changling's "Joining the Army". The title of the poem has told us that this poem belongs to the category of homesickness and belongs to a kind of frontier poems. It can be predicted from the title that this poem may express one or more feelings of worrying about the country, serving the country, patriotism and protecting the family.

Second, the theme of poetry can reflect the main body of content.

Some students have doubts: determining the category of poetry can ensure that our direction is not wrong, but the content of classical poetry is difficult to understand because it is far away from us and the language is concise. In fact, the main contents of some poems have been explained, and most of them have been mastered.

For example, Lu You's book Anger. As can be seen from the title, the main content of this poem is the resentment in the poet's chest. Why is the poet angry? What lines in the poem express anger? Reading a poem with these questions makes it easy to get the main idea of the article. For example, the title of Wang Wei's Autumn Night in the Mountains tells us that this poem belongs to a homesick landscape. "Mountain" is the object of description, "autumn" indicates the season, and "Xun" writes the time. Therefore, this poem mainly describes the autumn scenery in Shan Ye, and the basic content of this poem has been determined.

Third, the \x09 question can reflect the writing of poetry.

It is clearly pointed out in the exam notes that middle school students should be able to appreciate the expressive skills of poetry. Many students find it difficult to appreciate the expression skills. In fact, experienced readers have guessed the writing method of poetry from its title. For example, Lu You's Yongmei, Huang Chao's Chrysanthemum, Du Fu's The Lonely Goose, and Li Shangyin's Raven are all based on facts and convey poets.

How to sing willow, Jiang Xue by Liu Zongyuan, Xixi Chuzhou by Wei, and Sleeping at Jiande by Meng Haoran. This kind of poetry takes description as the object and often expresses feelings with the help of scenery. Therefore, writing poetry is nothing more than borrowing scenery to express feelings and blending scenes.

In the 2005 college entrance examination (Tianjin volume), the topic of poetry appreciation was listening to Shu monks play the piano. Sensitive readers must have noticed the words "listen" and "Qin" in the title of the poem. Because it expresses the sound of the piano, the author usually uses figurative rhetoric when facing abstract things. Because it is "listening", it is easy for the author to adopt "profile description". Knowing this, the topic will be easy to handle.

Fourth, this poem directly tells the poet's emotional tone.

Poetry is the art of lyricism. One of the main purposes of appreciating poetry is to grasp the poet's feelings. The titles of some poems can directly point out the poet's emotional tone.

For example, in Shen Ruyun's Forever in My Heart, the word "resentment" has already indicated the emotional tone of the poem. What do women in boudoir complain about? Why are you complaining? Who caused this situation? Reading poems along this line helps us to grasp the poet's feelings quickly.

Like the word "hate" in Du Fu's Farewell; The word "thinking" in Zhang Ji's Qiu Si: the word "music" in Wang Wei's pastoral music is the golden key to open people's hearts. Similarly, there are "sadness", "joy", "farewell" and "ceremony", all of which are the finishing touches.

\x09 Poetry titles can reflect the expression of poetry.

Implication is a typical feature of poetry. The reason is that poetry expresses the poet's views and feelings through images. People, things and scenery are all images that enter the poem. Therefore, there are often things that the hero does in poetry, such as describing natural scenery, and directly expressing the hero's heart or lyric through the scenery. Smart appreciators will analyze poetry from the perspective of expression.

For example, reading Du Fu's Climbing the Mountain is an intention that often exists in ancient poems. Poets express their feelings by climbing mountains. "Whoever goes to the North Building will be grateful to the public." Li Baiqiu boarded the Xiebei Building to express his nostalgia for the ancients; "On the tower at the end of this town, the wilderness began, and our desire was as far as the ocean or the sky." Liu Zongyuan boarded Liuzhou City to express his thoughts for his distant friends. So, when did Du Fu climb the mountain? What will you see when you climb the mountain? What kind of feelings did you express? Reading poetry along this line of thought, we will find that poets can't see their distant relatives, and the knowledge they see is boundless. Thinking about his wandering life experience and loneliness in his later years, the poet's sad mood naturally comes out.

Therefore, it is also a good interpretation angle to take a poem to analyze what it says, what scenery it writes and how the author expresses his feelings.

In this case, if we can grasp the expression of this poem from its title and think deeply from it, can we also understand this poem well? Let's take a look at Li Bai's Farewell to Meng Haoran on the way to Yangzhou, Wang Changling's Farewell to Xin Jian in Furong Inn, Wang Wei's Farewell to Yuan Er's Ambassador Anxi, as well as Farewell Poetry. These poems must describe and describe the scene of parting. Through analysis, we found that their locations were Yellow Crane Tower, Furong Tower and Weicheng in turn. Arrival places: Guangling, Luo Yang and Xi 'an; The scenery I saw was: Yangzhou with fireworks in March, Wudi in a beautiful place, and a green willow guest house. The feelings expressed in turn are the feelings of parting from friends, the feelings of Luoyang friends and the worries about life after parting. With the expression revealed by the title of the poem, we can easily understand the connotation of the poem.

For another example, there must be scenery descriptions in Du Fu's "Looking at Yue" and Li Bai's "Looking at Lushan Waterfall". Appreciators can study poetry carefully through how to describe objective scenery in poetry.

"Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night" and "The Cabin Broken by Autumn Wind" convey the poet's feelings. We can appreciate this poem well by studying its lyrical way.

Learning to appreciate poetry is not only the need of college entrance examination, the need to improve personal cultivation, but also the need to inherit the culture of the motherland. There are various ways to appreciate poetry, and people have different opinions. Remind readers to pay attention to the topic of poetry, because it is the golden key to appreciate poetry.

2、

The title of a poem comes from two sources, one is drawn up by the poet himself, and the other is drawn up by later generations. It is worth noting that no matter which presentation method, the title is the eyes and soul of the poem, and it is a crucial thing. Therefore, paying attention to the title of a poem is of great significance for determining the theme of the poem, tasting the language of the poem and judging the expressive skills of the poem. So, what is the relationship between the title of the poem and the content of the poem?

First, the location and season of the poems were clarified, such as Shangniutou Temple, walking in the mountains, staying in the Mid-Autumn Festival in the mountains, seeing off guests in the mountains, going out of the castle to go through customs, stone, remembering Yangzhou and so on. , clearly put forward the position and orientation of this poem. It is helpful for us to better grasp the writing background and theme of poetry. For example, Looking at the Moon at Fifteen Nights, Qiu Si, Autumn Huai, Summer, Autumn Path, Catkin, Two Flowers Falling, Waiting for Women in Spring, Smelling the Flute in Luoyang in Spring Night, and Smelling the Flute in Los Angeles in Spring Night all point out the seasons from different angles. Then, according to my own life accumulation, I make clear the different connotations and themes of Rough Time. For example, people who take the "mountain" as a place mostly express their love for rural life and seclusion life, their firm aspirations, their persistence in the pursuit of sages and so on. Taking the tenth five-year plan as the time point, most of them express their thoughts about their loved ones and their feelings about the fleeting time. For example:

Read the following poem and then answer this question. (2004 National Unified Entrance Examination for Colleges and Universities in Shandong, Shanxi, Henan, Hebei, Anhui and Jiangxi)

Qiu Si Zhangji

Seeing the autumn wind in Luoyang, I long for a writer's book.

There is no fear in the hurry, and pedestrians are coming.

Wang Anshi commented on the style of Zhang Ji's poems: "It seems the most unusual, but in fact it is easy and difficult." What "ordinary" details did Zhang Ji write in this poem? What kind of feelings did he express?

Appreciation: The first question of this topic is very simple. As long as the content of the poem is roughly summarized, we can draw a conclusion: when the letter from home is about to be sent, we feel that we have something to say, so we "unseal" it again. The second question involves the emotion of poetry, which seems complicated, but it is actually very simple. First of all, we know from the title "Qiu Si" that this poem should be a nostalgic or contemplative work.

Secondly, the object of poetry writing is determined. Generally, this kind of poems express the poet's writing intention with images with special meanings, and most of them express their feelings in indirect ways, such as sighing flowers, Yongmei, uncivilized plantain, morning plum, early goose, peony, peony flower, singing willow and spring rain. We must first grasp the symbolic meaning of common images in classical poetry. For example, chrysanthemums symbolize seclusion, nobility and refinement, plum blossoms symbolize unyielding adversity, orchids symbolize nobility and nobility, peonies symbolize wealth and beauty, bloom symbolizes hope, youth and brilliance of life, and falling flowers symbolize withering, frustration in life and career, cherishing spring and missing beautiful things. Grass symbolizes strong vitality, endless life, hope, desolation, remoteness and humble status; Pine and cypress symbolize firmness, pride, firmness and vitality; Bamboo symbolizes integrity and positive progress; Indus symbolizes bitterness; Willow symbolizes farewell, nostalgia and sadness; Zigui symbolizes suffering, sadness and swans.

Read the following poem and then answer this question.

On a spring night, Luoyang City heard the sound of flute and Li Bai's Yu Di dancing in the dark, and the spring breeze filled Los Angeles. Who can't help but feel homesick in this nocturne? When commenting on this poem, predecessors once said that the word "folding willow" is the key to the whole poem. What is the moral of "breaking willow" in the poem? Do you agree with the key theory? Why? Appreciation: The score of this question is very low, mainly because many candidates don't understand that "folding willow" is an ancient image, symbolizing farewell to nostalgia. In fact, the key is not optimistic about the topic. The title is "Smelling the Flute in Luoyang City on a Spring Night", and it is pointed out that it is a natural phenomenon to see things and think about people. The location is Luoyang, which proves that the poet is a stranger and is inevitably homesick; The object is "flute sound". Why does the author describe the flute far away from home? From the sentence "Who can't miss hometown", we can draw a conclusion that "Folding Willow" is a piece of music, which means to bid farewell to homesickness. Naturally, it is concluded that "folding willows" is the answer to bid farewell to homesickness. This poem expresses homesickness, which is caused by the flute sound of "folding willow" music, so it can be seen that "folding willow".

Third, directly indicate the theme of the poem. The theme of this kind of poem has been reflected in the title, and candidates can easily get the answer as long as they combine the specific content and title of the poem. There are many such topics, such as: remembering brothers on a moonlit night, thinking of women on the river, saying goodbye to farmers all night, saying goodbye to Wang Wei, cherishing flowers, watching the sunset, and praising wanderers.

Read the following poem and then answer this question.

Coconut silk is good in Handan from winter to the sun.

Bai Juyi

Every winter solstice in Handan post office, I have a kneepad lamp.

If you want to sit at home late at night, you should also talk about travelers.

Note: The winter solstice is one of the 24 solar terms and an important festival in the Tang Dynasty.

Briefly analyze the sentence "I am always with the shadow in front of my knee" and tell what the author was feeling at that time.

Appreciation: It is not difficult to write the emotion of this poem, because the topic of "Missing Home at Night on the Winter Solstice in Handan" has been clearly reflected. Therefore, the answer to this question can be drawn up by a little analysis of the sentence "before the knee lamp". (Reference answer: Embracing Your Knee vividly outlines the author's silent sitting posture, which naturally leads to "shadow" with Before the Lamp.

Fourthly, it laid the emotional tone of poetry. Some poems, though seemingly abstruse in content, have simple themes, especially those compiled by later generations, which are even more picturesque, such as: Ode to the White Head, Song of Eternal Sorrow, Nagato's Sorrow, Jade Family, Ancient Sorrow, Hurting the Family, Mourning the Head of the River and Mourning the King.

Read the following frontier poems in Tang Dynasty, and then answer this question.

Shangtianjia

Nie Zhongyi

Sell new silk in February and cut new grain in May. It temporarily healed the pain, but it cut out my heart. I hope the king's heart will turn into a bright candle. I don't like to continue the front-end party, but I just like the escape house.

In what ways does this poem reflect the author's thoughts and feelings?

Appreciation: This poem is about the bankruptcy of the vast rural areas in the late Tang Dynasty, and the peasants suffered heavy exploitation. As for displacement, they can't survive. Through the word "injury" in the title, we can deeply feel the author's basic feeling for Tian Jia: sympathy. So, why does the author feel sympathy for Tian Jia? "Sell new silk in February and cut new valleys in May. It healed the immediate pain, but it dug out my heart. " It symbolizes the hardships and misfortunes of rural life, and the word "wish" reflects the poet's dissatisfaction and hatred of the court from another dimension. In this way, the problem is solved.

In a word, the title of poetry is an important part to solve the problem of poetry appreciation. Students must read the topic first, then the text, and then do the topic, instead of stepping on the watermelon skin and becoming headless flies.