What kind of balance does the hydrosphere maintain on the earth?

The water on the surface of the earth is very active. The water vapor evaporated from the ocean enters the atmosphere, is transported to the mainland by airflow, condenses and falls to the ground, and some of it is absorbed by organisms, some of it seeps into groundwater, and some of it becomes surface runoff. Most surface runoff and underground runoff return to the ocean. In the process of circulation, water continuously releases or absorbs heat energy, regulates the energy of all layers of the earth, and constantly shapes the shape of the surface.

Most of the surface water in the hydrosphere is redistributed in rivers, lakes and soil. In addition to returning to the ocean, some of them are stored in inland lakes, forming glaciers for a long time. This part of water exchange is extremely slow, and the cycle takes decades or even thousands of years. From the increase or decrease of these water bodies, we can estimate the strength of water and heat exchange between land and sea.

The moisture in the atmosphere participates in the hydrosphere cycle, and the exchange speed is fast, and the cycle is only a few days. Due to the water cycle, complex weather changes have taken place on the earth. The water exchange between the ocean and the atmosphere leads to the frequent exchange of heat and energy, and the exchange process has a great influence on the weather changes everywhere. All countries attach great importance to the study of the relationship between air and sea. Life in the biosphere is greatly influenced by floods and droughts, and the population distribution and settlement formation of life are also closely related to the temporal and spatial distribution of water. Biological communities alternate, reproduce and die with the abundance and shortage of water. Transpiration of a large number of plants also promotes the water cycle. Water replaces each other among the atmosphere, biosphere and lithosphere, and the relationship is extremely close. They form various forms of material exchange systems on the earth and form various geographical environments.