When is the dividing line of the zodiac?

19 12 foreign countries adopt the Gregorian calendar as New Year's Day.

Ancient name (the lunar calendar is the first day of the first lunar month in the solar calendar).

Beginning of spring began in ancient times (the dry calendar is the lunar calendar). Would you please look at the official calendar information?

Beginning of spring, the dividing line between the zodiac, determines the beginning of the new zodiac, and (calendar) is the starting point of beginning of spring. Would you please look at the official calendar information?

Will you go back to beginning of spring during the Spring Festival?

Qianlong net 20 17-02-08

Just after the Spring Festival, the once-in-a-century beginning of spring and the leap year of 384 days have aroused many people's new interest in traditional legislation and festivals. At the same time, some scholars have suggested that the real Spring Festival in the traditional era should be beginning of spring, not the first day of the first month. Taking the first day of the first month as the Spring Festival is a tradition that has existed since modern times.

The proposal to restore beginning of spring as the Spring Festival has been supported by many people, but some people disagree. They think that being too retro may make it difficult for them to integrate into the world of globalization. So, should the tradition of celebrating the Spring Festival in spring be restored?

● Positive.

Beginning of spring should be.

Return to Spring Festival

Ke Xiaogang

(Professor of Tongji University)

The ancient calendar in China was not only a lunar calendar (lunar calendar), but also a solar calendar (solar calendar), emphasizing the use of both yin and yang. For example, calendar years such as "Wu Jia" and "B Wei" are all inherent solar calendars in China and follow solar terms. "The first month" and "the twelfth month" are the inherent lunar calendar in China, following the full moon. Since ancient times, China has used both Yin and Yang, and both Gan and Kun have been built. One yin and one yang are called Tao.

However, such a calendar gradually changed after modern times, and the traditional solar calendar was gradually ignored, resulting in many confusing uses. For example, after beginning of spring this year, the calendar year of cadres and party branches should be changed to the next year, but the current calendar stipulates that the calendar year of cadres and party branches should be the first day of the first lunar month, which is unscientific and incorrect.

The reasons for this wrong regulation are not only the influence of folk customs since the Qing Dynasty, but also the influence of the Republic of China and the "new culture". According to a seemingly universal concept, there is no solar calendar in China, only the lunar calendar. Therefore, the calendar year of China solar calendar is forced to start from the first day of the first lunar month, so as to connect with the first lunar month, the sixteenth lunar month and other lunar days, forming an unscientific expression.

The depth of the problem may be more than just a turning point. The change of calendar is only a silhouette of modern history. It can be said that the calendar from the Republic of China to today places too much emphasis on making it conform to the lunar calendar and ignores the solar calendar. In fact, today, people often call the solar calendar the solar calendar, which is also a distorted expression.

"Spring Festival" was originally the beginning of the spring day in the solar calendar (solar terms follow the sun), but in the Republic of China, it was changed to the first day of the first lunar month (following the folk customs since the Qing Dynasty). The name "New Year's Day" originally belonged to the first day of the first lunar month and was assigned to the Gregorian calendar 65438+ 10/(from the ocean of new culture). "beginning of spring" has become one of the 24 solar terms and is no longer a festival. Depriving "beginning of spring" of its holiday status is a symbol. From then on, China did not stand in the spring, and Yin flourished while Yang declined. The ancients advocated the truth, and I think we should set things right and return to the truth.

Nowadays, many people think that the lunar calendar is a traditional chronology. In fact, there has never been such a complicated "traditional" chronology since ancient times (many "traditions" were forged intentionally or unintentionally by modern people to cater to "modernity"), such as "the first day of the first month of Wu Jianian". This is the year of the solar calendar+the month of the lunar calendar, which is completely distorted. The really suitable method should be to use both the sun and the moon, not just one, let alone combine some of them to make a strange usage.

However, because the solar calendar is no longer used, modern people can only rigidly stipulate that the beginning of Jiazi's dry year can no longer follow the sun, but only the moon. For example, the first day of the first month of the Sino-Japanese War, which is exactly what the ancients did not use, is not a tradition.

Since ancient times, China's chronology has been a way of praising one yin and one yang, and the way of connecting heaven, earth and people. The first running script in the world began in "Yonghe Nine Years, Guichou Years Old, Late Spring Early": "Yonghe Nine Years" is a person, "Guichou Years Old" is a sky, and "Late Spring Early" is a land. "The second running script in the world" began in "the first year of Wei Dynasty, the first year of the Reform Movement of 1898, and the third day of September": the first day of September (the first day) of that year was the third day. The first and third days of September are lunar calendars, while 1898, Wu Gengri and Ren Shenri are all solar calendars. Three talents are consistent and not chaotic, and yin and yang are not mixed. The ancients prepared for the Spring and Autumn Period.

Today, with the gradual revival of traditional culture, people pay more and more attention to tradition. I don't think there should be such mistakes and twists and turns in dating methods. Restoring beginning of spring to the Spring Festival is also to restore the true traditional cultural customs and let people know the correct knowledge and not make such mistakes again.

● Oppose each other

opening hours

Should be modest

Lee Ha

(Researcher, China Academy of Social Sciences)

Calendars are very important things. The famous symbolist Cahill not only talked about the importance of time and space to people, but also talked about the importance of numbers. Calendars are also represented by numbers, which is also very important to people. Everyone's growing experience is different, and they will have a certain scale of time memory, such as birthdays. Each group's time memory is different, and it will also form its own memory scale.

Different civilizations and cultures will inevitably form their own memories related to calendars in the early days of their origin, so early civilization is also an era of diversified calendars. Especially in China, the significance of the calendar is more important. Every time the dynasty changes, it is easy to be moved. After the Han dynasty, it gradually became the title of the year, which is actually the scale and scale of historical memory. One of its functions is to record history. China's traditional history is also of great moral significance. That's what it means.

Since modern times, globalization has opened up various cultures, and the calendar has also broken through the original geography. In the deer race in the Central Plains, "those who are talented and ill will be the first to board", and the first to strike is the first to win, which has gradually become a widely used calendar. There is a question here, that is, why the first one stands firm. One of the reasons is that it first accepted a rational and instrumental system, which is highly related to the development of modern science.

If only from the perspective of political history, the universality of the Gregorian calendar in the world did exist at the earliest, and it was born with colonization. However, from a broader perspective, preemption is related to the rational system of preemption, which makes it a dominant system and an expansionary system. Especially with the high development of modern science and technology, it is becoming more and more refined. Without modern technology, some things are impossible, such as the division of seconds.

We often feel that in cultural diversity, everyone is the same, and one culture does not compete with another. This view, at the object level, is often difficult to say. For example, the train was invented by westerners, but we didn't use it, and neither did the plane. This kind of situation rarely happens. But at another level, such as spiritual and cultural identity, it is easier to appear.

Regardless of the value judgment of changing the calendar for the time being, from the practical level, if beginning of spring is changed to Spring Festival, what is the first day of the first month of the summer calendar called? If it's called New Year's Day, what about the Gregorian calendar of 65438+ 10/month? How to choose one of the three questions? If we simply ignore the Gregorian calendar and return to tradition completely, we will indeed keep some original memories and let people have a more accurate understanding of the branches and zodiac signs. But there will also be another problem, that is, we may be different from the calendars in most parts of the world. How can we combine them?

Changing the calendar is a big event, which will bring a series of chain reactions, such as domestic changes. Should overseas Chinese change it? Do you want to change history books, textbooks, etc. It must be changed, but you can imagine how high the cost is.

At the same time, people have learned a lot about modern science and civilization since modern times, but in today's multicultural era, some people have a higher understanding of modern science and some people have a higher understanding of tradition. At present, different cultures and concepts are only in the ideological field. If the legislation is changed, the contradiction between different groups may be even greater.

There is a passage in The Analects that Lu wants to rebuild the national treasury. Confucius' disciple Min Ziqian said to the minister in charge, "It's still the same, so what?" Why change it? "Today, our spiritual culture has been integrated with the world for so many years, and traditional culture has received more and more attention. At this time, gradual development is the best. " Why do you want to change careers? "Why change your tune?

Therefore, it is a good thing to sort out and explore traditional culture academically, which is conducive to understanding tradition, preserving memory, and even transforming and innovating, serving the present life, and is also a better way to protect tradition. On the contrary, simple return is not the best guarantee.

● The host said.

Instrumentalization is not all bad.

Although the calendar is ancient, it is always changing and becoming more and more complete. In the Analects of Confucius, there are two wonderful words about tradition: "Yin gains but loses, so you can know;" Zhou's gains and losses are also well known. " "Zhou Jian is the second generation, and he is very depressed. I am from Zhou. "

The times are progressing, the society is changing, and people's life memory and life rhythm are also changing. For example, the chronology of the ancient people's cadres and branches can be accurate to years, months or even hours, but it is not as accurate as minutes and seconds or even shorter time units. Moreover, in the long history of thousands of years, unless there are some specific events, such as the Sino-Japanese War, the chronology of cadres and branches will actually not help to record and understand history, but will bring a lot of inconvenience. For example, there are at least 50 Jiazi years in the 3000-year history, so how to distinguish each Jiazi year becomes a problem.

There may be various problems in instrumentalization, but this is the general trend. Language is instrumental, writing is instrumental, and calendar is instrumental, because there are too many more important things in our life than discussing the chronology of cadres and branches or the chronology of AD. If we want to live a happier and more comfortable life, we don't have to pursue it by chronology. Traditional culture is of course very important, but not all traditions can make us live a better life. If we can't provide a better lifestyle, the significance of traditional return will be greatly reduced.

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