202 1 accumulation of common sense in civil servants' provincial examinations: ancient time recording instruments

In ancient China, the level of productivity was relatively low, but human production and labor activities did not end. So how did they mark the time when the sun rose and stopped? This is about to mention the ancient time recording instrument, which is also the test center of common sense. However, the study of common sense of civil servants' provincial examination requires us to accumulate and reserve constantly in the process of preparing for the exam. In addition, the common sense content in the provincial examination for civil servants is extensive, the examination questions cover a wide range, and the examination questions are flexible and comprehensive. Today, I will take you to accumulate the common sense of 202 1 civil servant provincial examination. The following is 20265438.

1, sundial

A sundial is also an instrument for measuring time by observing the shadow of the sun, which mainly determines the time or the number of minutes at that time according to the position of the shadow. Judging from the unearthed cultural relics, the sundial was used before the Han Dynasty, and it was always a common timer before the mechanical clock was introduced to China. The main components of a sundial are a dial pointer and a dial engraved with lines, usually consisting of a copper pointer and a stone disk. Copper hands are called dial hands, and stone discs are called dial faces. When in use, different times can be distinguished by observing the position of the sundial projected on the disk surface, and the time service accuracy of the sundial can be accurate to the moment (fifteen minutes). When the sun moves in the sky, the projection of the hand moves on the face like the hands of a clock, which can indicate the time.

2, standard table

Guibiao is the oldest timepiece in China. There are records about the use of Tugui in the ancient book Zhou Li, which shows that Guibiao has a long history. Standard gauges use the length of the sun's projection to judge time. It consists of two parts, one is the benchmark or stone pillar that stands upright on the flat ground to measure the shadow of the sun, which is called a watch (usually eight feet high); One is a rigid plate used to measure the length of the surface shadow in the direction of due south and due north, which is called Gui. It uses direct facts to measure the length of the sun shadow. The main function is to determine the location of the winter solstice, and then determine the length of the tropical year. In addition, we can also determine the direction and solar terms by observing the changes of surface shadows. Since the shadow of the sun can be measured in units of length, it is logical to express the "yin" of time and the length of time in minutes and inches.

3. Missing sculpture

Dials and sundials use the shadow of the sun to calculate time. But when it is rainy or dark, it will lose its function, so a water clock that can time day and night came into being, which is the missing lettering. Leakage refers to the leakage of the pot; Carving means carving an arrow. The arrow is a ruler marked with a time scale. Missing carving is to calculate the time by observing the data displayed on the carved arrow in the pot by using the principle of balanced dripping. As a timer, cracks are more common than sundials. In ancient China, many literati and poets left many poetic chapters about missing prints. For example, Li He, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, seems to add seawater to the palace leak, and * * * drops Nagato overnight. Su Shi in Song Dynasty: "When the moon is absent, people are quiet." Before mechanical clocks and watches were introduced to China, nicking was the most widely used timer in China.

The above is all the contents of 202 1 accumulation of common sense in civil servants' provincial examinations: ancient time recording instruments. I hope you can know something about time instruments. When you are studying, you must use your spare time to read and sort out your memories, combined with the preparation skills of civil servants. I believe it will be helpful for everyone to review for the exam.