What is China's fifth greatest invention?

Compass is a simple tool to judge the direction. Originally known as Sina. The main component is a magnetic needle that can rotate freely on the shaft.

The magnetic needle can be kept in the tangential direction of magnetic meridian under the action of geomagnetic field. The north pole of the magnetic needle points to the geographical north pole, which can be used to identify the direction. It is often used in navigation, geodesy, tourism and military affairs. N of the compass refers to the north, e to the east, w to the west and s to the south.

Step 2 make paper

Papermaking is one of the four great inventions in China and an outstanding invention in the history of human civilization. China is the first country in the world to raise silkworms and weave silk. In ancient China, the working people spun silk from superior cocoons, and the remaining evil cocoons and diseased cocoons were made into silk floss by bleaching. After floating, some residual flocs will be left on the mat.

When the flossing frequency is high, the residual flossing on the pad will accumulate into fiber sheets, which can be peeled off after drying and can be used for writing. This kind of floc is called "He Qi" or "square floc" in ancient books because of its small number of by-products. It can be seen that the origin of papermaking in China is related to silk floss.

3, gunpowder

A black or brown explosive is made of potassium nitrate, charcoal and sulfur by mechanical mixing. It is first made into powder and then generally made into particles of different sizes according to different uses. It was the only military propellant until smokeless powder was used.

Gunpowder was invented by an ancient alchemist during the Sui and Tang Dynasties in China, and it has been 1000 years. The study of gunpowder began with the ancient Taoist alchemy. The ancients refined Dan medicine to live forever. The purpose and motive of alchemy are advanced, but its experimental method still has some advantages, which eventually led to the invention of gunpowder.

Step 4 print

China was the first country in the world to invent printing. Early printing was to carve pictures and texts on wooden boards and print them with ink. This method is still used in woodcut watermark painting, which is collectively called woodcut printing (also known as woodcut printing). The predecessor of woodcut printing is the popular seal cutting in BC and the rubbings and inscriptions that appeared later. After the emergence of production technologies such as papermaking and inkmaking, block printing technology was gradually invented.

According to the research of historian Deng Guangming, block printing was invented in the Tang Dynasty and was widely used in the middle and late Tang Dynasty. Although movable type printing was invented in Song Dynasty, block printing is still widely used.

5, 24 solar terms

Twenty-four solar terms were formulated by the ancients according to the ecliptic plane, belonging to the solar calendar category, and were concluded in ancient times. As a supplementary calendar, the Han Dynasty was absorbed into taichu calendar to guide farming. Twenty-four solar terms are not only the time standards promulgated by successive governments, but also the compass to guide agricultural production. People's compass for predicting cold, warm, snowy and rainy days in daily life is the crystallization of the long-term experience and wisdom of the Chinese working people.

Extended data:

201165438+1October 30th, China declared "Twenty-four solar terms-the time knowledge system formed by China people by observing the annual movement of the sun and its practice", which was officially listed in the representative list of human intangible cultural heritage.

In 20 16, as one of the "twenty-four solar terms", Gongshu District's "Mid-Levels Long Summer Custom" participated in the declaration of UNESCO's "Representative List of Human Intangible Cultural Heritage". The successful declaration means that Gongshu District has become a representative inheritance community of human intangible cultural heritage projects, and it also marks that the protection of "Mid-Levels Long Summer Custom" has been promoted to a higher level and entered a higher standard and standardized management.

201On May 5th, July, under the guidance of the Intangible Heritage Department of the Ministry of Culture, china agricultural museum and the Provincial Department of Culture, Gongshu District Intangible Heritage Protection Center, as the initiator, established 10 representative heritage communities in Quzhou, Suichang, Sanmen, Dengfeng, neixiang county, Gongwangfu and Huainan Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center.

At the meeting, all alliance units focused on the historical origin and development context of the "Twenty-four solar terms", taking "community protection" as the main principle, and made in-depth discussions on the specific measures for protection, inheritance and promotion, which promoted the overall protection of the "Twenty-four solar terms" culture, and finally gradually established a systematic system for the protection, inheritance and development of the "Twenty-four solar terms" throughout the country.

References:

People's Network-Why are the 24 solar terms called "the fifth great invention"

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Four Inventions