How many festivals are there in China? What is the difference?

Spring Festival on the first day of the first lunar month.

Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.

The fifth solar term in the twenty-four solar terms of the lunar calendar

The fifth day of the fifth lunar month is the Dragon Boat Festival.

China Valentine's Day (Qixi).

Mid-autumn festival on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month.

Double Ninth Festival in September of the lunar calendar.

Laba porridge festival on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month.

The 24th day of the twelfth lunar month is the traditional Tomb-Sweeping Day.

The legal holidays in China are: New Year (1 October, 1), and the whole country has one day off; During the Spring Festival (Lunar New Year), the whole country has a three-day holiday; International Women's Day (March 8); Arbor Day (March12); International Labor Day (May 1), a national holiday in three countries; China Youth Day (May 4th); International Nurses' Day (May12); Children's Day (June1); China * * * anniversary of the birth of the production party (July1); China People's Liberation Army Army Day (August1); Teacher's Day (September10); National Day (10, 1), three national holidays; News Festival (165438+1October 8th). The NPC deputies suggested that traditional festivals should be included in legal holidays.

the Spring Festival; Chinese New Year

Spring Festival is a traditional festival for people of all ethnic groups in China. /kloc-More than 0/00 years ago, the folk artist Bai wrote in his music book: "In the first month, every family celebrates the New Year, the Lantern Festival lights up, the full moon is full, flower boxes are everywhere, and firecrackers are everywhere, making people parade." This is a vivid portrayal of the first Spring Festival in history.

According to legend, this festival was held during the Yao and Shun period in China. There are also records about the Spring Festival in Oracle bone inscriptions in Shang Dynasty, and there is a custom of celebrating the Spring Festival at the beginning of the year. However, the calendar at that time was based on "observing time", and it is still difficult to determine whether it is accurate. By 65438 BC+004 BC, the first year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the people of China had created the "taichu calendar", which clearly defined the first month of the lunar calendar as the beginning of a year. Since then, the custom of the Lunar New Year has spread for more than two thousand years. It was not until the founding of New China that this festival was changed to Spring Festival.

the Lantern Festival

The 15th day of the first lunar month is the traditional Lantern Festival in China. The first month is January, and the ancients called the night "Xiao". The fifteenth day is the first full moon night in a year, so the fifteenth day of the first month is called the Lantern Festival. Also known as "Shangyuan Festival". According to the folk tradition in China, the moon is high in the sky and there are 10,000 lanterns on the ground on the festival night of Spring Festival, so people can watch lanterns, solve riddles on the lanterns, eat Yuanxiao and have family reunion.

Lantern Festival originated in the Han Dynasty, and it is said that it was set up to commemorate Pinglu during the reign of Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty. After the death of Emperor Liu Ying of the Han Dynasty, Lv Hou usurped power, and the Lushi family dominated the state affairs. After Lv Hou's death, Zhou Bo, Chen Ping and others eliminated the influence of Lv Hou and established Liu Heng as the emperor of China. Because the day to calm Zhu Lu is the fifteenth day of the first month, after that, every year on the fifteenth night of the first month, Wendi will go out of the palace in disguise and have fun with the people as a souvenir. The fifteenth day of the first month is designated as the Lantern Festival. During the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the sacrificial activities of "Taiyi God" were held on the 15th day of the first month. Sima Qian listed the Lantern Festival as a major festival in taichu calendar law.

Dragon Head Festival

According to folklore, every second day of the second lunar month is the day when the Dragon King, who is in charge of heavenly sexuality, looks up. After that, the rain will gradually increase. Therefore, this day is called "Spring Festival". It is widely circulated in northern China that "on February 2, the dragon looked up; The big warehouse is full and the small warehouse flows. " Folk proverbs.

Whenever the Spring Festival comes, in most parts of northern China, every family carries lanterns to fetch water from wells or rivers in the morning, and when they get home, they light a fire, burn incense and offer offerings. In ancient times, people called this ceremony "attracting dragons". On this day, every household will eat noodles, fried oil cakes and popcorn, which are compared with "picking the dragon's head", "eating gentian", "golden beans bloom, the dragon king ascends to heaven, the clouds are raining, and the grains are abundant" to show good luck.

Qingming Festival

Also known as the outing festival, it is at the turn of mid-spring and late spring, that is, the first 108 day after the winter solstice. It is a traditional festival in China, and it is also one of the most important sacrificial festivals. It's the day to worship ancestors and sweep graves [1]. The traditional Tomb-Sweeping Day of the Han nationality in China began in the Zhou Dynasty and has a history of more than 2,500 years. Influenced by the Han culture, 24 ethnic minorities in China, such as Manchu, Hezhe, Zhuang, Oroqen, Dong, Tujia, Miao, Yao, Li, Shui, Jing and Qiang, also have the customs of Tomb-Sweeping Day. Grave sweeping, ancestor worship and outing are the basic themes.

Dragon Boat Festival

Dragon Boat Festival is an ancient traditional festival in China. On the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, people will hold dragon boat races on rivers, lakes and oceans, eat zongzi, wear sachets, have an outing and collect mugwort. These activities have become an eternal custom, which has continued since ancient times.

When it comes to the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival, people will first think of the patriotic poet Qu Yuan. According to legend, during the Warring States Period, King Xiang of Chu favored traitors and was dismissed from his post and exiled for being outspoken. Qin took the opportunity to attack Chu, and the territory of Chu was destroyed. Seeing the destruction of the country and the displacement of the people, Qu Yuan was determined to serve the country and was powerless to return to heaven. In a rage, Qu Yuan threw himself into Luojiang with a boulder. When the local people heard that Qu Yuan had jumped into the river, they came to the rescue. They chased down the river to Dongting Lake, but they didn't find Qu Yuan's body. The sight of a boat swimming around the lake is spectacular. This day is the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. Later, on this day, people will race dragon boats on the river to commemorate Qu Yuan. People also throw zongzi into the water just to feed ichthyosaurs, shrimps and crabs to prevent Qu Yuan's body from being swallowed.

Qixi Valentine's Day

Valentine's Day in China, also known as Begging for Clevership Festival, is the most romantic festival among the traditional festivals in China. According to legend, the night of the seventh day of the seventh lunar month every year is the time when "Weaver Girl" and "Cowherd" meet in the sky. "Weaver Girl" is a beautiful, intelligent and ingenious fairy. That night, ordinary women begged her for wisdom and skills, and also prayed to her for a happy marriage.

Ghosts'Festival

Every year, the fifteenth day of the seventh lunar month is called "Orchid Festival", also called "Mid-Autumn Festival". In some places, it is also called "Ghost Festival" and "Stone Drum". Originally a Buddhist ceremony in India, Buddhists held "bonsai" to recommend their ancestors. The Orchid Sutra, a Buddhist scripture, aims to cultivate filial piety and inspire Buddhist disciples. It is in line with the popular belief in China that seeking before going far and mourning is greater than dying, so it is becoming more and more popular. The story of Manglietia Manglietia saving Mu Er is widely circulated among the people:

"A lotus monk, powerful. His mother fell into the hungry ghost road, and the food mouth turned into flames. Hunger was too bitter. Unable to save his mother, Mu Lian asked the Buddha for advice. In order to talk about the Lanpen Sutra, she taught July 15th to make a Lanpen to save her mother. "

Mid-Autumn Festival

The 15th day of the eighth lunar month is the traditional Mid-Autumn Festival in China and the second largest traditional festival in China after the Spring Festival. Also known as Mid-Autumn Festival, Reunion Festival and August Festival. It is a traditional festival of Han nationality and most ethnic minorities in China, and it is also popular in neighboring countries such as Korea, Japan and Vietnam. Because autumn (referring to the lunar calendar) is in July, August and September, August is in the middle of the year, and August 30th is in the middle of the year, it is called Mid-Autumn Festival. So there are more people in the sky than family reunion at night, so it is also called reunion festival.

The Mid-Autumn Festival originated from the story of the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon. According to historical records: "Yesterday, Chang 'e took the medicine of the Queen Mother of the West to live forever, so she went to the moon with the essence of the moon. "Chang 'e paid hard labor for this move, and she can't return to the world for life. Li Bai was very sad for this, and wrote a poem: "The white rabbit pounded medicine in autumn, and came back to life in spring. Who is the female neighbor? " Although Chang 'e herself feels good about the Moon Palace, she can't bear loneliness. She returns to Earth to reunite with her husband all night on August 15 every year, but she must return to the Moon Palace before dawn. After the Mid-Autumn Festival, the world not only wants to get together with Chang 'e on the moon, but also hopes that Chang 'e can come down to see her beauty. Therefore, when many people burn incense in Yue Bai, they pray that "men want to go to themoon early and climb the fairy laurel;" Women want to look like Chang 'e and round like the bright moon. "Year after year, people celebrate this day as a festival.

Double Ninth Festival

Double Ninth Festival is also called Double Ninth Festival, September 9th, Rongyu Festival and Chrysanthemum Festival. Double Ninth Festival is an ancient celebration custom. In the Tang Dynasty, Chongyang was officially designated as a festival. In the Tang Dynasty, people had the custom of climbing mountains and inserting dogwood on the Double Ninth Festival.

The origin of the Double Ninth Festival can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Qu Yuan once wrote in "Travel Far": "Gather the people of Chongyang to celebrate the Emperor's Palace". In the Han Dynasty, the custom of Chongyang gradually became popular among the people. It is said that after killing Ai Feiwei, the wife of Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang, Jia, the maid-in-waiting of Lady Qi, was also expelled from the palace and married the poor. Legend has it: In the palace, on September 9th every year, people wear dogwood, eat lotus bait and drink chrysanthemum wine to live longer. As a result, the custom of Chongyang spread from the court to the people and gradually became popular.

Laba Festival

The most important festival in the twelfth lunar month is the eighth day of December, which was called "La Ri" in ancient times and commonly known as "Laba Festival". Since the pre-Qin period, Laba Festival has been used to worship ancestors and gods and pray for good harvest and good luck. It is said that Sakyamuni, the founder of Buddhism, realized enlightenment on the eighth day of December, so Laba is also a Buddhist festival, called "Buddhist Enlightenment Festival".

Laba has the custom of eating Laba porridge on this day. Laba porridge is also called "Qibao Wuwei porridge". China has a history of drinking Laba porridge for 1000 years. It first started in the Song Dynasty. On the day of Laba, whether it is the imperial court, government, temples or ordinary people's homes in CoCo Lee, wax figures should be made.