Solar terms manuscript

The solar term is a supplementary calendar formulated by China in ancient times to guide farming, and it is the crystallization of the long-term experience and wisdom of the working people in China. The following is my handwritten solar term newspaper, welcome to check it!

The origin of solar terms in winter solstice

Winter solstice, also known as "one-day birth", is an important solar term in the China lunar calendar and a traditional festival of the Chinese nation. The winter solstice is usually called "Winter Festival", "Dragon solstice Festival" and "Asian New Year". As early as more than 2,500 years ago in the Spring and Autumn Period, China had observed the sun with earth gauges and determined the winter solstice, which was the earliest of the 24 solar terms, and the time was between June 65438+February 2 1 ~23 in the Gregorian calendar every year. The winter solstice on 20 17 is 65438+February 22nd.

According to records, in the Zhou and Qin Dynasties, winter and November were the first month, and the solstice in winter was the beginning of the New Year. There is a saying in Hanshu: "The sun shines brightly from the winter solstice, sir, congratulations …" In other words, people begin to celebrate the winter solstice festival to celebrate the arrival of the New Year. The ancients believed that since the winter of solstice, the yang of heaven and earth began to flourish, representing the beginning of the next cycle and the arrival of good luck. Therefore, the custom of ancestor worship and family dinner in the Spring Festival is often chosen on the solstice of winter.

The winter solstice is also called "off-year". First, it shows that the year is approaching and there are not many days left. The second is to show the importance of the winter solstice.

As a festival, the winter solstice originated in the Han Dynasty, flourished in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and has continued to this day. The first month of the weekly calendar is November in the summer calendar, so the first month of the Zhou Dynasty is equal to November in the solar calendar now, so there is no difference between New Year's greetings and New Year's celebrations. It was not until Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty adopted the summer calendar that the first month was separated from the solstice in winter.

It can also be said that the simple "winter solstice festival" began in the Han Dynasty, flourished in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and has existed ever since.

The origin of "heavy snow" solar terms

The solar term of "heavy snow" usually falls on February 7 or 8, 65438 every year. When the longitude of the sun reaches 255 degrees, it is one of the 24 solar terms. Heavy snow, as the name implies, has a large amount of snow. The ancients said: "The great man is prosperous, and the snow man is prosperous here." . At this time, it often snows heavily and widely, hence the name heavy snow.

At this time of heavy snow, the lowest temperature in most parts of China has dropped below 0℃. Often, in areas where cold and warm air meets strong cold air fronts, there will be heavy snow or even blizzard. It can be seen that the solar terms of heavy snow indicate the starting time of this period and the degree of heavy snow, which, like the solar terms of light snow, rain and Grain Rain, directly reflect the precipitation.

In ancient times, heavy snow was divided into three periods: "When birds wait, they don't make a sound;": Second, wait for the tiger to pay; Third, when you stand out. "(The heavy snow in the twenty-four solar terms) means that the birds in Hao Han no longer sing because of the cold weather; At this time, Yin Qi was in the heyday, and the so-called prosperity and decline, Yang Qi has sprouted, and tigers have begun to courtship; " "Liting" is a kind of bluegrass, which feels the germination of yang and sends out new buds.

People often say that "snow will bring a good harvest". In severe winter, snow covers the earth, so that the temperature around the ground and crops will not drop very low because of the cold current, and winter crops create a good wintering environment. When the snow melts, the soil moisture content is increased to meet the needs of crop growth in spring. The content of nitride in snow water is five times that of ordinary rain water, which has a certain effect on fertile fields. There is an agricultural proverb called "wheat covers three quilts this year and sleeps with steamed bread next year."

basic feature

During the heavy snow season, most parts of China have entered winter except South China and South Yunnan where there is no winter. The average temperature in Northeast and Northwest China is below-10℃, and the temperature in the Yellow River Basin and North China is also stable below 0℃. At this time, the Yellow River basin has been gradually snowing, but it has been snowing further north. However, in the south, especially in Guangzhou and the Pearl River Delta, the vegetation is still lush and the feeling of dryness is still obvious, which is quite different from the climate in the north. The winter climate in southern China is mild, with little rain and snow. The average temperature is about 2℃ to 4℃ higher than that in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the rainfall accounts for only about 5% of the whole year. Occasionally it snows, mostly in 1 and February; Snow on the ground is hard to see once every three to five years. At this time, the climate in South China is still foggy. Generally, 65438+February is the month with the most foggy days. Fog usually appears on cloudless nights or partly cloudy mornings. Meteorology calls it radiation fog. "Ten fogs and nine sunny days", most of the fog dissipates before noon, and the sunshine in the afternoon will be particularly warm.

Heavy snow solar terms custom: bacon

There is a saying in old Nanjing called "light snow pickles, heavy snow pickles". Every household is busy pickling "salty goods" as soon as the solar term of heavy snow arrives. Add star anise, cinnamon, pepper, sugar, etc. Go to the big salt and fry in the pot. After the fried salt and pepper are completely cooled, they are coated on the inside and outside of fish, meat and poultry, and rubbed repeatedly until the color of the meat turns from fresh to dark and the surface oozes liquid. Then put the meat with the remaining salt in the jar, press it with stones, put it in a cool and backlit place, take it out after half a month, add water to the pot to boil the marinade, and skim off the grease.

The custom of solar terms in heavy snow: watching river closure

"Light snow seals the land and heavy snow seals the river". In the north, there is a natural landscape of "thousands of miles frozen, Wan Li snowing". In the south, there is also a charming picture of "snowflakes dancing and white clothes wrapped". In the solar term of heavy snow, the ice in the river freezes, and people can skate and play as much as they like.

Solar term poem

I. beginning of spring

The beginning of spring poetry

(Song) Zhu

Give up drinking until spring comes, be a good person first and move six blocks in spring.

Lettuce is suitable for making burritos at first sight, and Rozan's rotary scissors are called Lianchai.

Don't talk about the lingering hatred, and manage the New Year.

From then on, flowers and scenery became one, and I was arrested for poetry.

Second, rain.

Four wonders of rainy season

The wind in the suburbs chased the residual snow, and the stream in the depression brought ice.

The urchin pointed to the goose in the cloud. When did the mountain flowers bloom here?

Third, scare

Guantianjia

Don Wei Wu Ying

A light rain brought new flowers, and a thunder began to wake up.

Tian Jia was idle for a few days, and farming began.

Dingzhuang is in the wild and the nursery is in charge.

When I return to the scene, I often drink the water from Xixi.

Hunger is not self-suffering, but joy.

Granary storage, the corvee is still there.

Being ashamed of not practicing, I ate it.