The origin and custom of the 24 solar terms in China.

★ The origin of the twenty-four solar terms

Twenty-four solar terms originated in the Yellow River Basin. As early as the Spring and Autumn Period, four solar terms were set, namely, mid-spring, mid-summer, mid-autumn and mid-winter. After continuous improvement and perfection, by the Qin and Han Dynasties, the 24 solar terms had been completely established. In BC 104, the taichu calendar written by Deng Ping officially set 24 solar terms in the calendar, and defined the astronomical position of the 24 solar terms.

The time when the sun runs along the longitude of the Yellow River from zero 15 degrees is called "a solar term". It runs 360 degrees every year, and * * * experiences 24 solar terms, twice a month. Among them, the first solar term of each month is "solar term", that is, beginning of spring, Jingzhe, Qingming, Changxia, Mangzhong, Xiaoshu, beginning of autumn, Bailu, Hanlu, beginning of winter, Heavy Snow, Xiaohan, etc. 12 solar terms; The second solar term of each month is "Zhongqi", that is, there are 12 solar terms such as rain, vernal equinox, Grain Rain, Xiaoman, summer solstice, great heat, intense heat, autumnal equinox, first frost, light snow, winter solstice and great cold. "Solar term" and "neutral qi" appear alternately, each lasting 15 days. Now people have called "solar terms" and "neutral gas" solar terms. Twenty-four solar terms reflect the apparent movement of the sun in one year, so the dates of solar terms are basically fixed in the current Gregorian calendar, with the first half of the year being 6 days and 2 1, and the second half being 8 days and 23 days, with a difference of 1 ~ 2 days.

★ The custom of the twenty-four solar terms (some have customs before and after the solar terms, others don't)

Beginning of spring refers to the northeast. It is the first of the 24 solar terms. This custom is the Spring Festival in China. When the Spring Festival is over, families get together, have a big meal, set off firecrackers, wear new clothes and visit relatives and friends!

The rain bucket refers to the ring. The longitude of the sun is 330 degrees.

Stinging and stinging. The longitude of the sun is 345 degrees. On February 2 nd, the dragon looked up almost around here, and it was customary to shave his head!

The vernal equinox refers to the ring. Agricultural proverbs in various places include: "The spring equinox comes first, and rice competes for money" (Guangdong), "The spring equinox never stops raining, but the summer equinox never stops burning" (Sichuan), "When it rains, every family is busy, planting melons and beans first, then transplanting them" (Hubei), "Planting vegetables at the spring equinox, picking melons in summer" (Hunan) and "Planting beans at the spring equinox, and planting them at the autumn equinox. The custom is that it's time for farming and planting.

Qingming bucket refers to ding. The meridian of the sun is 15 degrees. On this day in Tomb-Sweeping Day, some families will put willows in front of their doors, and then go for an outing in the suburbs to visit graves. This is an ancient custom.

Grain Rain crossed his fingers. The meridian of the sun is 30 degrees. Grain Rain is "a hundred valleys give birth to rain". As the saying goes, "Before and after Grain Rain, you reap what you sow".

Long summer refers to the southeast. The yellow meridian of the sun is 45 degrees.

Xiaoman nailed it. The longitude of the sun is 60 degrees.

The big dipper points to itself. The yellow meridian of the sun is 75 degrees. Before and after sowing, the rainfall in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in Central China increased and the temperature rose. In the rainy season, the air is very humid, the weather is extremely sultry, and all kinds of utensils and clothes are prone to mildew, so it is called "Huangmeitian" in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China.

The summer solstice, the big dipper points to B. The yellow meridian of the sun is 90 degrees.

What does a little heat mean? The longitude of the sun is 105 degrees. Around the Dragon Boat Festival, every household has the custom of exorcising evil spirits, scattering realgar, hanging mugwort leaves, eating zongzi in dragon boat races and hanging colored ropes for children.

Summer refers to C. the longitude of the sun 120 degrees.

Beginning of autumn Beidou is divided into the southwest. The longitude of the sun is 135 degrees. The custom of eating watermelon, against evil! (Middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River)

Summer, fighting refers to five. The longitude of the sun is 150 degrees.

Millennium barrel refers to the devil. The longitude of the sun is 165 degrees. Custom, Tanabata, Cowherd and Weaver Girl meet, and the girl is clever. Mid-Autumn Festival, commonly known as Ghost Festival, stays indoors at night and burns paper to pay homage to old friends!

The autumnal equinox refers to oneself. The meridian of the sun is 180 degrees.

Cold dew nails. The longitude of the sun is 195 degrees.

The longitude of the sun at the first frost is 2 10 degrees. Custom September 9th Double Ninth Festival, Senior Citizen's Day, climb high and look far!

The longitude of the sun in early winter is 225 degrees.

The longitude of the light snow sun is 240 degrees.

The yellow meridian of the sun is 255 degrees in heavy snow.

The solar meridian from winter solstice is 270 degrees. Custom, the winter solstice in the south is as big as a year, and the north eats jiaozi!

The yellow meridian is 285 degrees on a slight cold day.

The yellow meridian is 300 degrees on a cold day. Custom Laba Festival, eat Laba porridge! Send the kitchen god!

★ solar term song

Farming has no rules, and it all depends on solar terms. In early spring, the sun is turning and the rain is by the river.

Frightened crows, the vernal equinox drops dry. Qingming is busy planting millet, and Grain Rain is busy farming.

Long summer goose feathers live, birds come here. Everyone was happy when the awn was planted, but cotton could not be found on the summer solstice.

The summer heat is not hot, but the summer heat is in the dog days. Beginning of autumn busy seats, summer knife sickle.

The Millennium is about to cut land, and there is no field in the autumn equinox. Before the cold dew is cold, the frost has changed.

Land is closed in early winter, and Xiaoxue River is closed. Snow became the moon in winter, and the winter solstice lasted for nine days.

Slight cold busy comprador, great cold New Year.