What does dogwood look like during the Dragon Boat Festival?

As a plant, there are two main kinds of Cornus officinalis: one is Cornus officinalis of Cornaceae. Alias: Cornus officinalis, Cornus officinalis, Jujube: Cornaceae, deciduous shrubs or small trees of Taoerqi genus; The old branches are dark brown and the young branches are green. Leaves opposite, ovoid or ovoid, 5- 12 cm long and 7.5 cm wide, pointed at the top, rounded or wedge-shaped at the base, sparsely hairy on the back, 6-8 pairs of lateral veins, and yellowish brown pubescence in the axils of leaves; Petiole is about 1 cm long and has velvety hair. Umbrella axillary, with the first leaf, 4 bracteoles, oval, brown and yellow flowers; Calyx 4-lobed, lobes broadly triangular; Petals 4, ovate; Disk ring, fleshy. Drupe oval, red when ripe. The flowering period is May-June, and the fruiting period is 8-65438+1October. Zhejiang and Anhui distribution; Born in canyons, streams or wet slopes. One is Evodia rutaecarpa, a plant of kyanite family. Other famous songs are Yaozi, Fuchili Pepper, Chasby, and Stinky Bubble. The source is the nearly mature fruit (Juss) of Evodia rutaecarpa. ) Bentham. Rutaceae. Plant shrubs or small trees, 2.5 ~ 8 meters high. Young branches, leaf axes, petioles and inflorescences are all yellow-brown villous. Pinnate compound leaves are opposite; The leaflets are 5 ~ 1 1, oblong or ovoid, 5 ~14cm long and 2 ~ 6cm wide, with sparse hairs at the top and white villous hairs at the bottom with transparent glandular spots. Flowers unisexual, densely packed into terminal panicles. The fruit of osteophyte is purplish red with thick glandular points, and each fruit contains 1 seed. The flowering period is June-August, and the fruiting period is 9-65438+1October. Born in mountains, roadsides or sparse forests in warm areas. Distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Hunan, Hubei, Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangxi. When the fruits harvested in August ~165438+1October are not cracked, cut off branches, dry them in the sun or at low temperature, and remove branches, leaves and fruit stalks. Note: As both Cornus officinalis and Evodia rutaecarpa are introduced in detail in Baidu Encyclopedia, they will not be repeated here. Cornus officinalis and Double Ninth Festival On the Double Ninth Festival, according to Chinese folk custom, people should not only climb high and look far, drink chrysanthemum wine, but also wear Cornus officinalis or its sachet. The relationship between the Double Ninth Festival and Cornus officinalis was first seen in a story in the sequel: Runan people traveled with Fei Changfang and learned the Tao. One day, Fei Changfang told Huan Jing that there would be a disaster in your home on September 9. The solution is to let your family make a colorful bag, put Cornus officinalis in it, wrap it around your arm, climb mountains and drink chrysanthemum wine. On the ninth day of September, the Huanjing family followed. When I got home at night, I found that all my chickens, dogs, cattle and sheep were dead, and the whole family was safe and sound because of going out. So Kaunus's Exorcism was handed down. On the Double Ninth Festival, people pick its branches and leaves. Even the fruits are sewn into small bags with red cloth and worn on the body to ward off evil spirits. It is a folk medicine commonly used in epidemic prevention in ancient times. In the Tang Dynasty, it was very common that the Double Ninth Festival brought honor to heroes. In addition to Wang Wei's "I miss my Shandong brothers on vacation in the mountains", he also wrote "Shi Cun for nine days": "Who will be healthy next year?" Look at dogwood carefully when you are drunk. As for Chu Guangxi's poem "Climbing the Circus": "Tianmen SHEN WOO was a great father, and Jiuri Mountain cornus entertained the Sixth Army. "Written in the Southern Dynasties, Emperor Wu of Song Wudi visited the circus at the banquet of the Double Ninth Festival, and regarded Cornus officinalis as a reward for the whole army. Cornus officinalis is nicknamed "evil-ward Weng", and the custom of worshipping Cornus officinalis on the Double Ninth Festival is very popular in the Tang Dynasty. People think that inserting Evodia rutaecarpa in the Double Ninth Festival can take refuge and eliminate disasters. Or wear it on your arm, or make a sachet, put Cornus officinalis in it, called Cornus officinalis bag, and some are inserted in your head. Most of them are worn by women and children, and in some places, men also wear them. Ge Hong's Miscellanies of the Western Classics in the Jin Dynasty recorded that Kaunus participated in the Double Ninth Festival. Besides wearing dogwood, people also wear chrysanthemums. This happened in the Tang Dynasty and has been popular since ancient times. In the Qing Dynasty, the custom of Beijing Double Ninth Festival was to stick chrysanthemum branches and leaves on doors and windows, "to get rid of evil and filth, and to make money into treasure". This is the vulgarization of the chrysanthemum on the head. In the Song Dynasty, some people cut ribbons into dogwood and chrysanthemum and gave them to each other. The purpose of Chongyang Cornus officinalis is to repel insects and prevent moth. Because it was Koharu in October after the Double Ninth Festival, the weather warmed up for a while; Some time before Chongyang, the autumn rain was wet, the autumn heat had not subsided, and clothes were easy to get moldy. This time is the time when osmanthus is in full bloom, so people call it "osmanthus steaming", so it is necessary to prevent insects at this time. Cornus officinalis is a little poisonous and can kill insects. Is that how the custom of making dogwood capsules came about? However, after the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the custom of Peidogwood gradually became scarce. The reason for the change is probably the shift of the center of gravity of the Double Ninth Festival. In early people's time life, Chongyang emphasized avoiding evil spirits and eliminating disasters. With the improvement of people's living conditions, people not only pay attention to the current real life, but also give more expectations to the future life and pray for longevity and continuity. Therefore, the status of "Yanshouke" (Chrysanthemum) finally surpassed that of "Avoidant Weng" (Cornus officinalis). The legend of Cornus officinalis is associated with the custom of hanging mugwort leaves and drinking realgar wine on the Double Ninth Festival and Dragon Boat Festival. In fact, the Dragon Boat Festival and the Double Ninth Festival, one is the alternation of spring and summer, and the other is the alternation of autumn and winter, both of which are easy to be popular. This also reflects that our ancestors had the scientific thought of preventing diseases. Cornus officinalis turns a blind eye to Chinese medicine China Pharmacy Dictionary explains that this product can be used in both north and south, and Wudi is a medicine, so it is also called Evodia rutaecarpa. The so-called "land of Wu" is the state of Wu in history. The name of Cornus officinalis also comes from a legend. According to legend, during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the weak State of Wu paid tribute to the powerful neighboring State of Chu on time every year. One year, the envoy of the State of Wu presented his special product "Evodia rutaecarpa" to the King of Chu. The greedy and ignorant king of Chu loved pearls, agates and treasures of gold and silver, and simply looked down on this native Chinese herbal medicine. On the contrary, he thought that Wu was teasing him, so he flew into a rage and was driven out of the palace without allowing the envoy of Wu to explain anything. There was a doctor named Zhu around the king of Chu, and he was in close contact with the envoys of Wu. He was busy taking him home to comfort him. The envoy of Wu said that Evodia rutaecarpa is a first-class medicinal material in China, which has the functions of warming the middle warmer to relieve pain, reducing adverse reactions and stopping vomiting, and is good at treating stomach cold, abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea. Due to the chronic illness of the king of Chu's stomach cold and abdominal pain, I didn't expect the king of Chu to be indiscriminate ... After hearing this, Dr. Zhu sent someone to send the envoy of the State of Wu back to China and carefully took care of the Evodia rutaecarpa he brought. The next year, the king of Chu caught a cold and his old illness recurred. His abdominal pain is like a knife, and the doctors are helpless. When Dr. Zhu saw that the time had come, he quickly tortured Evodia rutaecarpa and gave the king of Chu temporary pain relief. The king of Chu was overjoyed and gave it to Dr. Zhu, asking what medicine it was. Dr. Zhu described the situation of medicine provided by the envoy of the State of Wu last year. After listening to this, the king of Chu was very remorseful. He sent people to apologize to the prince with gifts and ordered people to plant Evodia rutaecarpa widely. A few years later, the plague spread in Chu, and patients with abdominal pain spread all over the country. Thousands of lives were saved by Evodia rutaecarpa. In order to thank Dr. Zhu for saving his life, the Chu people added the word "Zhu" in front of Evodia rutaecarpa and renamed it Evodia rutaecarpa. Later, medical scientists added a cursive prefix to the Chinese characters, officially named Evodia rutaecarpa, which has been in use ever since. Cornus officinalis, a related poem, is often mentioned in poems about Chongyang in Tang and Song Dynasties. These poems written in dogwood mainly have four contents: first, wearing dogwood on the elbow; The second is to insert Cornus officinalis in the crown; The third is to drink dogwood wine; Fourth, the dogwood festival and dogwood club will replace the Double Ninth Festival. 1, "I miss my brothers in Shandong on holiday in the mountains" Author: Wang Wei is in a foreign land, and he misses his relatives every holiday. When I think of my brothers' bodies climbing high, I will feel a little regret for not being able to reach me. 2, "The Grace of Xie Xin" Author: Tang * Li Yu can't stay, the red leaves are full of dusk. It's the Double Ninth Festival again, and the Taiwan Province Pavilion is on its way. Cornus officinalis is fragrant, purple and chrysanthemum, floating in the courtyard, and rainy at night in the smoke cage. Brave brave new swallow's cold voice, worried about similar age. 3, "Climbing No.9 Mountain" Author: Wang Changling Castle Peak and Huangzhou are far and near, Ji Jing Chongyang goes to the North Building. The rain broke the pavilion, the fairy chrysanthemum moistened, and the frost flew to the angel pear flower falls. Cornus officinalis temples should be long-lived, and jade dances horizontally. The man said that Tao Qian was drunk under the fence, so he had never seen such romance.