Please explain. "A year in Tomb-Sweeping Day, willow single in green gang. You are not allowed to pass in front of the door during the day and you are not allowed to sting at night. "

On the Folk Customs of Qingming Festival

Tomb-Sweeping Day is the time to go to the grave, and at the same time, it has the custom of climbing high, adding new soil to the grave and adding graves. In the past, Tomb-Sweeping Day was also called Cold Food Festival, which lasted for one hundred days. Cao Cao changed it to one day, and the Tang Dynasty changed it to three days before Qingming. All fires must be put out. After the cold food was served, a new fire broke out in the palace. Tomb-Sweeping Day, we're going to insert willow branches, wear wicker hats, fly kites and swing.

One hundred and five days after beginning of winter, the solstice was called cold food. In the past, fire was forbidden and cold food was eaten, so it was also called "Cold Food Festival" and "No Smoking Festival". According to folklore, cold food is to commemorate the burning of mesons in Mianshan during the Spring and Autumn Period, and Jin Wengong ordered the fire to be banned. Jiezitui is from Shanxi, so the custom of cold food is first popular in Shanxi. In the old days, cold food cut off fire, and the next day there was a ceremony to drill wood for fire in the palace, and the people also begged each other for fire with wicker.

Fifteen days after the vernal equinox is Qingming, a good day for an outing. Tomb-Sweeping Day is also a day to visit graves and worship ancestors, which is also called "Ghost Festival" and "Ghost Festival" among the people, and "Three Ghosts Festival" together with July 15th and October 1st, and there is also a ceremony for the city god to patrol the city.

Cold Food Festival and Qingming Festival were originally two festivals, but most people in Shandong combined them into one. Generally called Tomb-Sweeping Day, a few areas are called Cold Food Festival, but the festival is in Tomb-Sweeping Day. Kenli has been called "Great Cold Food", "Second Cold Food" and "Third Cold Food" since the first three days in Tomb-Sweeping Day, and the fourth day is Qingming, during which people sweep graves and go hiking. Juancheng takes the day before Tomb-Sweeping Day as the Cold Food Festival, and also calls Tomb-Sweeping Day the Ghost Gate Festival.

Grave-sweeping is a major activity in Tomb-Sweeping Day. In the past, the grave-sweeping ceremony in Tai 'an was quite grand. The host took four side dishes and jiaozi to the ancestral grave, where they offered sacrifices first, then burned incense and paper, and sprinkled wine as a souvenir. When sweeping graves in Zhaoyuan, Jimo, Linqu and Linqing, new soil should be added in front of the graves. It is said that this is to repair the house for the ancestors in case of heavy rain in summer, which is essentially a memory of the ancestors. Most areas sweep graves in Tomb-Sweeping Day, a few areas (such as Zhucheng) sweep graves at the Cold Food Festival, and Longkou and Boxing sweep graves four days before Tomb-Sweeping Day. Now people usually sweep graves in Tomb-Sweeping Day.

Willow and pine branches are planted all over Shandong, and Tomb-Sweeping Day is said to be a memorial meson push. Every household in Tai 'an inserted wicker and put wicker rings on dogs. Folk song: "If you don't put willows in Qingming Festival, the dog will turn yellow when it dies." Jimo is used to wearing pine branches, which means that it is as prosperous as pine and cypress. Linyi and Zhucheng, however, tapped the wall with wicker and pine branches, saying, "One Tomb-Sweeping Day a year, wicker alone in green gang, no passing in front of the door during the day, no stinging at night."

Qingming outing is extremely common in Shandong. The children in Linqu and Tengzhou went for an outing and flew kites outside the village early in the morning. Some whistles are made of wicker, and they are beautiful. In some places, children lift their faces and exhale, which is said to be to vent internal fire. Swing is a habit in most areas. There are three kinds of swings in Weifang: one is straight swing (suitable for the elderly), the other is swing, and the third is swing. Jimo pays more attention to Tomb-Sweeping Day. On this day, people put on holiday clothes as soon as they get up, especially women. They all dressed up beautifully and visited everywhere. First, they watched their new wife sitting on a cold food (the new wife should sit on the kang like on her wedding day), and then they went to swing. High swing means a good life, so everyone is fighting for each other and playing happily on the swing. On this day, women have a good time, so there is a saying in the local area that "women celebrate the year of men".

Tomb-Sweeping Day's customs are rich and interesting. In addition to paying attention to the prohibition of fire to sweep graves, there are a series of customs and sports activities such as jogging, swinging, cuju, playing polo and inserting willows. According to legend, this is because Tomb-Sweeping Day wants to ban cold food and fire. In order to prevent the harm of cold food and cold meal to people, we all take part in some sports activities to exercise. Therefore, this festival is a distinctive festival, with both sad tears to sweep graves and laughter for an outing.

play on the swing

This is the custom of ancient Tomb-Sweeping Day in China. Swing, that is, lift the rope, move. It has a very long history. It was originally called Qian Qiu, but later it was changed into a swing to avoid taboos. In ancient times, swings were made of branches and tied with ribbons. Later, it gradually developed into two ropes, a pedal swing. Playing swing can not only improve health, but also cultivate courage, which is deeply loved by people, especially children.

play football

Bow is a rubber ball, the skin of which is made of leather, and the ball is stuffed with wool. Cuju is kicking the ball with your feet. This is a popular game in ancient Tomb-Sweeping Day. According to legend, it was invented by the Yellow Emperor with the original purpose of training warriors.

spring outing

Also called spring outing. It was called Tanchun and Xunchun in ancient times. March is clear, spring returns to the earth, and nature is full of vitality everywhere, which is a good time to go for an outing. Our people have kept the habit of walking in Tomb-Sweeping Day for a long time.

plant trees

Before and after Tomb-Sweeping Day, the spring is bright, the spring is bright, and the spring rain is falling. The planted seedlings have high survival rate and fast growth. Therefore, China has the habit of planting trees in Qingming since ancient times. Some people even call Tomb-Sweeping Day Arbor Day. The custom of planting trees has been passed down to this day. 1979, the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) stipulated March 12 every year as China's Arbor Day. This is of great significance to mobilize people of all ethnic groups in China to actively carry out activities to green the motherland.

fly a kite

It is also Tomb-Sweeping Day's favorite activity. During their stay in Tomb-Sweeping Day, people not only wore it during the day, but also at night. At night, a string of colored lanterns is hung under the kite or on the wind-stabilizing stay, like twinkling stars, which is called "magic lamp". Someone used to put kites in the blue sky, then cut the strings and let the breeze send them to the ends of the earth. It is said that this can eliminate diseases and disasters and bring good luck to yourself.

Pay tribute to the dead at their graves.

Sweeping graves on Qingming Festival is called "respecting thinking about time" for ancestors. Its customs have a long history. In the Ming Dynasty's "A Brief Introduction to the Scenery of the Imperial Capital", it was written: "On the Qingming Festival in March, men and women visited graves and paid tribute to them, and gold ingots were hung behind sedan chairs, making noise all over the street. Worshipers, mourners, weeping, weeding, adding soil to graves, burning ingots several times, and buying graves with paper money. If you can't see the paper money, it will be a lonely grave. After crying, don't go back, go to the fragrant tree, choose the garden, and sit down and get drunk. " In fact, grave-sweeping existed before the Qin Dynasty, but not necessarily during the Qingming period, but after the Qin Dynasty. It was not until the Tang Dynasty that it became popular. Qing thomas lee said, "On New Year's Eve, the Cold Food Festival and the First Frost Festival, you should offer sacrifices to sweep the graves. During the period, I will serve my bed with vegetarian food, use wine and tools for cutting vegetation, seal trees in the middle of the week, and break Cao Jing, so it is called sweeping the grave. " And spread to this day.