How to write a paper on protecting Beijing's traditional culture?

The historical process of the protection of traditional culture in Beijing

As an ancient capital of the Six Dynasties with a history of more than 3,000 years and 850 years, Beijing has a profound historical and cultural background and rich cultural heritage resources. Protecting the cultural heritage of the ancient capital Beijing is Beijing's historical responsibility to the country and mankind. From 1978 to 2008, it has been 30 years since the reform and opening up. In the past 30 years, Beijing has made great progress and achievements in politics, economy and culture, and the protection of traditional culture is undoubtedly one of the progress and achievements that cannot be ignored.

In the past 30 years, the protection of traditional culture in Beijing has gone through the process from the protection of national folk culture to the protection of intangible cultural heritage. 2/KLOC-0 Since the beginning of the century, the protection of ethnic and folk culture has further advanced to the historical stage of intangible cultural heritage protection. Inheriting cultural traditions and blood has attracted more and more attention and response from Chinese people and become the basic common sense of the Chinese nation. Strengthening the rescue and protection of Beijing's outstanding cultural heritage is of positive and special significance for ensuring Beijing's status as a political and cultural center and a famous historical and cultural city, promoting the integration of traditional culture and modern culture, and building a harmonious socialist society.

First, the protection of traditional culture began with the ruins of the "Cultural Revolution"

The "Cultural Revolution" has caused unprecedented damage to Beijing's cultural heritage resources, especially the "breaking the four old" has caused the most serious damage to traditional culture. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Beijing began to bring order out of chaos and carry out comprehensive reform and opening up. Under the condition of ideological imprisonment at that time, we boldly emancipated our minds and gradually broke the forbidden area of traditional culture, so that people's understanding of protecting China's excellent cultural heritage was continuously strengthened.

Logo 1: traditional cultural activities resumed.

After the "Cultural Revolution", traditional cultural and artistic activities with local characteristics in Beijing resumed, and some activities held at the beginning of reform and opening up were of groundbreaking significance for breaking the shackles of the "Cultural Revolution" and highlighting the charm of traditional culture. 1. The Peking Opera historical drama "Forced to Mount Liangshan" performed by Beijing Peking Opera Troupe in May 1977 to commemorate the 35th anniversary of the speech was the first costume drama staged in Beijing and even the whole country after the Cultural Revolution. Second, Beijing Fengtai, Shunyi and other suburban counties held a folk flower show during the February 1978 Spring Festival, which was the first public performance of the Beijing folk flower show banned during the Cultural Revolution. 3. The folk singing performances of some provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions held by the Ministry of Culture in Beijing in September, 1978, which was the first large-scale demonstration of traditional folk music after the Cultural Revolution. 4. The Beijing Municipal Bureau of Culture held a Sino-Japanese folk art exchange activity in the Working People's Cultural Palace on July 1982, which was the first international folk cultural exchange activity organized by Beijing. These activities marked the comprehensive recovery of national folk culture after the Cultural Revolution disaster, and laid an important foundation for the subsequent protection of national folk culture.

Temple fairs and lantern festivals in Beijing used to be the most distinctive traditional folk activities in Beijing. Every Spring Festival, people's family visits to temple fairs and lantern festivals become an important symbol of festival cultural activities. During the Cultural Revolution, temple fairs all disappeared. 1985 During the Spring Festival, Dongcheng District took the lead in holding the Beijing Ditan Spring Festival Cultural Temple Fair in the traditional temple fair mode, which had a great social impact. Since then, Longtan Temple Fair, Baiyunguan Temple Fair, Dongyue Temple Fair, Changdian Temple Fair, Yanshan Lantern Festival and Longqingxia Ice Lantern Festival have been held one after another, gradually becoming an important brand of Beijing Spring Festival cultural activities.

Sign 2: the protection of traditional culture has been improved.

Over the past 30 years of reform and opening up, the protection of traditional culture has been paid more and more attention by the party and the government. Cultural departments at all levels have done a lot of excavation and collation of ethnic and folk culture, and collected a large number of precious materials with precious historical and cultural values. Among them, the most influential was the compilation of Ten Integrated Records, which was called the Great Wall of China National Culture in Wan Li around 1980s. From 65438 to 0979, the compilation of "Top Ten Integrated Records" jointly sponsored by the Ministry of Culture, the State Ethnic Affairs Commission and the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles and organized by the National Leading Group for Art Science Planning was launched vigorously throughout the country. In August, 198 1, Beijing took the lead in launching "China Folk Integration? The integration of Peking Opera and China Folk Dance? The compilation of "Beijing Integration Volume" and other integration records have also been carried out one after another. In the following ten years, thousands of cultural workers went deep into rural fields and collected, sorted out and recorded a large number of audio-visual materials, which became the most precious original materials preserved in the protection of national folk culture and made outstanding contributions to the protection and rescue of traditional culture.

Sign three, traditional culture and art have been carried forward.

A very important purpose of protecting traditional culture is to make these ancient national and folk cultures get a new life and glow with the glory of the times. Since 2000, the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Culture has invested in scientific research to transform the traditional folk flower festival. Flower cymbal drum in Changping, Taiping drum in Mentougou, dry boat in Yanqing, trotting on stilts in Fangshan and bamboo horse in Huairou are all listed as scientific research projects. The Municipal Cultural Bureau organized experts to analyze these folk dance projects from performances, costumes and horses. Among them, Clam Drum and Taiping Drum participated in the China Folk Encouragement Competition of Juyongguan Great Wall Cup held in Beijing on 200 1, and Clam Drum won the highest prize in China folk literature and art-Mountain Flower Award. Yangko is a popular form of performance, but it lacks a sense of the times and beauty in performance style, expression, clothing and makeup. Therefore, since 200 1, the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Culture and the Beijing Museum of Mass Art have organized folk dance experts to compose music, and completed eight innovative yangko songs, including Ribbon Yangko, Fan Yangko and Playing Yangko, and published them on CD-ROM.

Second, the protection of intangible cultural heritage has brought the protection of traditional culture to a new level.

The protection of traditional culture used to be defined as "the protection of national folk culture". Since 2005, the name of this work has changed a lot. The concept of "intangible cultural heritage" has gradually replaced the concept of "national folk culture", and "intangible cultural heritage protection" has become a continuation of "national folk culture protection", with deeper protection and stronger social repercussions. It should be said that the protection of intangible cultural heritage has promoted the protection of national folk culture to a new level and is a historic progress in the protection of traditional culture.

In March, 2003, the Ministry of Culture started the National Folk Culture Protection Project in China, which is a national government project. To this end, the Ministry of Culture and the Ministry of Finance issued the "Notice on the Implementation of the National Folk Culture Protection Project in China" and other documents. In 2003 1 month, and in 20041month, two national conferences on the protection of ethnic and folk cultures were held, and 40 pilot projects of protection projects were successively identified. Two projects, "Jingxi Zanle" in Mentougou District of Beijing and "Old Beijing Commercial Folklore" in Beijing Folk Museum, were selected. In 2004 and 2005, the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Culture also identified and announced two comprehensive pilot areas: Beijing 1 Comprehensive Pilot Township and 2 1 Pilot Area. These pilot projects actively explore protection methods and provide useful experience for the future protection of intangible cultural heritage.

In June 2005, the Ministry of Culture held a national conference on the protection of intangible cultural heritage in Beijing, and issued the Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Strengthening the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage in China. From June 5 to February 2006, the State Council issued the Notice on Strengthening the Protection of Cultural Heritage. Since then, the protection of intangible cultural heritage has become a hot spot of social concern. Since 2005, the national folk culture protection project in Beijing has also entered the stage of intangible cultural heritage protection. On June 5438+ 10, 2006, Beijing held a conference on the protection of intangible cultural heritage in the whole city, and proposed that the protection of intangible cultural heritage in the whole city will be carried out in an all-round way around three projects, such as general survey, inheritance and literature, and continuously promote the protection of the whole city. In July 2005, a general survey of Beijing's intangible cultural heritage resources was carried out in 18 districts and counties of the city, which was basically completed in the first half of 2007. In June 2007 and June 2006, the Beijing Municipal People's Government approved the publication of two batches of Beijing-level intangible cultural heritage lists, and all districts and counties in the city successively established their own district (county) level intangible cultural heritage lists, thus basically establishing the Beijing intangible cultural heritage list system.

According to the spirit of the the State Council Notice, from 2006 to 2008, Beijing held three consecutive "Cultural Heritage Days". On June 10, 2006, the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Cultural Heritage and the Cultural Bureau jointly held the opening ceremony of the first large-scale celebration of "Cultural Heritage Day" in the new capital museum. All districts, counties and related units in the city held 73 publicity and exhibition activities. During the "Cultural Heritage Day" in 2007, Beijing held activities such as "Intangible Cultural Heritage by My Side-Beijing Intangible Cultural Heritage Project Resource Exhibition" and "Our Old Beijing Things-Beijing Intangible Cultural Heritage Project Exhibition". In addition to the publicity and exhibition activities of Cultural Heritage Day, Beijing also uses folk festivals such as Spring Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival and Double Ninth Festival to display intangible cultural heritage, so that citizens can have a deeper understanding of intangible cultural heritage.

In order to improve the professional theoretical level of intangible cultural heritage protection personnel, Beijing Municipal Bureau of Culture has held five special training courses on intangible cultural heritage protection since 2004, and more than 300 people from all districts, counties and relevant departments in the city participated in the study. From April 2006 to June 5, 2007 at 38+ 10, the Social and Cultural Department of Beijing Municipal Bureau of Culture, Beijing Museum of Mass Art and Xicheng Cultural Center jointly held the "Advanced Seminar on Intangible Cultural Heritage in Beijing", and invited Zhao Shu, Liu Xicheng, national intangible cultural heritage experts, Liu Bo and Shen Wangshu, popular cultural experts, to give lectures. Twenty-nine students were awarded the certificate of completion of advanced seminar by Beijing Personnel Bureau.

The protection of intangible cultural heritage is like sounding the horn of strengthening the protection of traditional culture, which makes people have a new understanding and evaluation of the historical value, artistic value and social significance of traditional culture, and also makes the protection of intangible cultural heritage win greater opportunities than in the past. The continuation of this work will play an inestimable role in promoting the protection of Chinese traditional culture and raising the awareness of the whole nation on the protection of traditional culture.

Third, Beijing's national folk culture and intangible cultural heritage protection has achieved remarkable results.

Over the past 30 years of reform and opening up, Beijing has made remarkable achievements in the protection of national folk culture and intangible cultural heritage, and made important contributions to the protection and inheritance of traditional culture.

1. A set of working mechanism for protecting intangible cultural heritage has been established.

Since 2003, Beijing has successively issued "Opinions on Strengthening the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage in this Municipality" and other documents, which put forward tasks and defined responsibilities for the protection of intangible cultural heritage in the coming period. In June 2006, Beijing established a joint meeting and an expert committee on intangible cultural heritage protection, led by the Cultural Bureau, with the participation of more than ten municipal party committee standing committees, including the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, the Construction Committee and the Ethnic Affairs Commission, to lead and guide the protection of intangible cultural heritage in Beijing. Since 2005, Beijing has invested a lot of special funds for the protection of intangible cultural heritage every year, reaching more than 20 million yuan in 2008. At the end of 2006, Beijing Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center was established. In 2008, the Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Department of Beijing Municipal Bureau of Culture was established, and corresponding organizations were established in all districts and counties, which created conditions for the future intangible cultural heritage protection.

2. Edited and published ten chronicles of literary and artistic integration (Beijing Volume).

By the end of 2007, the compilation of "Top Ten Comprehensive Records" in Beijing has been basically completed. Among them, "China Folk Integration? The integration of Peking Opera and China Quyi music? Beijing Volume and Chinese Opera Music Fusion? The integration of Peking Opera and China folk instrumental music? The integration of Peking Opera and China Folk Dance? Integration of Beijing Volume and China Folk Stories? Beijing Volume, China Opera Annals? Beijing Volume and China Quyi Annals? Eight books, including the Beijing Volume, have been published. China Folk Song Integration? Beijing Volume passed the final review in 2007 and has been printed in Fu Zi. China Folk Proverbs Integration? The Beijing volume has been edited and is being finalized.

In addition, all districts and counties in the city also organized the compilation and publication of folk art volumes and related achievements. From 200/KLOC-0 to 2006, Mentougou District compiled, edited and published three sets of Mentougou culture series 20 Yu Ben, Chaoyang District edited and published Yu Wen's water mirror and samurai spring paper-cut collection, Xicheng District edited and published four sets of Xicheng Quyi series, and Beijing People's Association successively organized and published 60 folk literature series such as Legend of Beijing Scenery and Legend of Xiangshan.

3. Initially complete the general survey of intangible cultural heritage resources in Beijing.

According to the deployment of the Ministry of Culture, a general survey of intangible cultural heritage resources was conducted in Beijing from July 2005 to June 2007. In the meantime, nearly 2,000 census takers were organized and trained in 8 districts and counties of the city/KLOC-0, and went deep into the most basic units of the city, such as communities and villages, to conduct interviews and investigations, and initially found out the base of intangible cultural heritage resources in Beijing. According to statistics, the city * * * has completed more than 6,000 census items, and after screening and merging, nearly 3,000 items have entered the Collection of Beijing Intangible Cultural Heritage Census Items (District and County Volume), * * * 2 1 Volume. This census not only trained cadres engaged in the protection of intangible cultural heritage, but also rescued and protected a large number of important materials and precious objects of intangible cultural heritage, laying a solid foundation for the future protection of intangible cultural heritage.

4. Establish and improve the Beijing intangible cultural heritage list system.

According to the requirement of "establishing the intangible cultural heritage list system" in the State Council, the State Council published two national intangible cultural heritage lists in May 2006 and June 2008. The first batch of Beijing was selected for the 13 project, and the second batch was selected for the 6 1 project (including the 16 expansion project), making Beijing a national intangible cultural heritage. In February 2006 and June 2007, after the procedures of declaration, demonstration, evaluation and approval, the Beijing Municipal People's Government published two batches of Beijing-level intangible cultural heritage lists, the first batch of 48 items, the second batch of 105 items and * *153 items. In addition, from September 2006 to June 2007, the city's county-level intangible cultural heritage list has also been initially established, and 3 15 items have been published in 8 counties of the city.

5. Organize the selection of representative inheritors of intangible cultural heritage in Beijing.

In 2007, on the basis of publishing the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage lists, the Ministry of Culture organized the selection of "representative inheritors of national intangible cultural heritage". In June 2007 and June 2008, 65,438+10, two batches of "representative inheritors of national intangible cultural heritage" were announced, with 777 * * people and 26 * * people in Beijing. In May 2008, the representative inheritors of Beijing municipal intangible cultural heritage projects were officially announced, and 94 people were selected.

From the protection of national folk culture to the protection of intangible cultural heritage, Beijing's achievements in the protection of traditional culture in the past 30 years of reform and opening up have been fully demonstrated. I believe that China in the future will be worthy of the praise of the ancient oriental civilization, and Beijing will be worthy of the title of the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties, with rich material and intangible cultural heritage.

References:

1. Song Haibo, editor-in-chief: Records of Beijing Culture and Art Volume and Records of Popular Culture, Beijing: Beijing Publishing House, 200 1.

2. A Brief History of Contemporary Beijing, edited by Zhou Yixing, Beijing: Contemporary China Publishing House, 1999.

3. Pan Deqian: Memorabilia of Beijing Culture and Art (materials), Beijing, 2003.

4. Zhou Shuzeng, editor-in-chief: "Chronicle of Ten Annals of Beijing Volume National Literature Integration", Beijing: China Drama Publishing House, 2004.