What thoughts and feelings did the author express about the original text, appreciation and appreciation of Du Fu's Xiaozhi?

Du Fu

The days and personnel change rapidly every day, and then the winter solstice, after the winter solstice, after the weather gets warmer, spring comes back.

Embroider five elements with weak lines and blow six tubes of dynamic fly ash.

The river bank seems to be waiting for the last month to pass, so that the willows can stick out their branches and take out new buds, and the mountains can break through the cold so that the plum blossoms can bloom.

Although I am in a foreign land, the scenery here is no different from my hometown, so let the children pour wine and have a drink.

Volume 2 of Du Fu's Jueju has been introduced. In April of the first year of Yongtai (765), Yanwu died of illness. In May, Du Fu went east with his family, went through history, Rongzhou and Yuzhou, and went to Yun 'an to recuperate. In the early summer of the second year of Yongtai (766), he moved to Kuizhou, where Bai Maolin, governor of Kuizhou, took care of him and put him in charge of Dongtun commons, so that his life settled down temporarily. Filial piety is regarded as Du Fu's life in Kuizhou. The smallest day is the day after winter solstice. One thousand poems renamed Xiaozhi the winter solstice, probably because there is the word "winter solstice" in the poem, and people are familiar with the winter solstice, but not Xiaozhi. This is inappropriate, because Du Fu wrote the poem "Solstice in Winter" in addition to "Solstice in Winter".

Just after the winter of solstice, spring comes. The time and personnel of the first sentence have changed rapidly. This sentence is both a comment and a lyric, and the word "urge" makes readers feel the poet's sense of urgency. The meaning of winter solstice is written in the second sentence. The winter solstice is the 22nd solar term in the 24 solar terms of the lunar calendar, and the time is between 0 and 23 in the Gregorian calendar 65438+February 265438. This day is the shortest day and the longest night in the northern hemisphere. After the winter solstice, the days are getting longer and longer, the yang is rising, and the temperature is gradually rising. The English poet Shelley's ode to the west wind said, "If winter comes, can spring be far behind?" Du Fu even said that spring comes after the solstice of winter, which shows how keen and accurate Du Fu is in observing things. At the same time, it also reflects Du Fu's longing for the arrival of spring.

"Zhuan Xu" uses metaphors to describe the process that the sun's spirit gradually rises from winter to spring. Three sentences compare spring to a beautiful embroidery work. Embroiderers are constantly embroidering with five-color silk threads every day, and spring scenery is increasing. The autumn Detailed Notes on Du Fu's Poems (Volume 18) quoted Tang Zalu as saying: "After winter, the sundial is longer and longer, which is heavier than usual." On the one hand, "weak thread" describes the softness of silk thread, on the other hand, it reminds people of embroidered mother's delicate fingers. Four sentences compare spring to a wonderful music. Reed refers to the membrane inside the reed, which can be sleeved on the hole of a wind instrument. The teacher of Wang Han Mangzhuan wrote an ancient note: "Oh, no, Lu Ye. Those who are embarrassed have white skin in their tubes. It is frivolous and attachment. " Six officials, six laws and six laws are collectively called. Six methods are yang, which should last for six months: one, three, five, seven, nine and eleven. Liulu is yin, which should be February, April, June, August, October and December. Winter is in November of the lunar calendar, which belongs to Yang. The meaning of this poem is to blow six pipes to vibrate the film covering the hole and make the sound of spring.

The necklace looks forward to the beautiful scenery in early spring. After the twelfth lunar month, the willows by the river will spread their green branches. The twelfth lunar month is the twelfth lunar month. Plum blossoms on the hillside want to bloom in the cold snow. These two poems personify the eagerness of willow and plum blossom to look forward to spring, which is of course a reflection of the poet's eagerness.

Couplets end with nostalgia for hometown. Although Kuizhou and hometown are different, there is little difference in scenery between them. It can be seen that he is missing his hometown again. Because his life is relatively stable at this time, his mood is still relatively happy. At the end of the sentence, he told his son to drink all the wine in the glass. Du Fu not only drank by himself, but also accompanied his son to drink and advised him to propose a toast, which showed that he was in a very happy mood. As for "capping a cup", Qiu explained in Volume 18 of Detailed Interpretation of Du Fu's Poems: "When the water moves, capping a cup is a quick drink in Bao Zhao's poem" Dog Days ". Gong's poem "Falling from a Horse" says, "The green ring in the cup", which shows that this poem means drinking.

When it comes to the style of Du Fu's poems, people will think of melancholy and depression, which is of course good, because this is the main feature of Du Fu's poetic style. Hu Zai, a poet in the Song Dynasty, quoted a passage from Wang Anshi in Volume Six, pointing out the diversity of Du's poetry style: "His poems are plain and simple, beautiful and precise, serious and powerful as the handsome of the three armed forces, eager to be horse-centered, indifferent and quiet as a hermit in a secluded valley, and charming." When Du Fu's poems written in Kuizhou are mentioned, people will always think of a few lines in his Ascending the Mountain: "I came from three thousand miles away. With the sadness of autumn, with my sorrow of a hundred years, I climbed this height alone. Bad luck has a bitter frost on my temples, and heartache and fatigue are a thick layer of dust in my wine. " After reading Xiaozhi, we found that he loved life so much and was so optimistic. Just after the solstice in winter, he felt that the willow branches on the shore were about to blossom, and the plum blossoms in the mountains were about to bloom. He was drinking with his son. Therefore, extensive reading of a poet's poems is of great benefit to our comprehensive and correct understanding of this poet.