What should farmers do during the slight cold season?

Slight cold is the penultimate solar term in the whole year. This is the coldest time of the year, and the growth of crops has entered a difficult and critical period. Farmers' friends are naturally busy at this time, so let me introduce what farmers should be busy with during the slight cold season.

According to China's meteorological data, slight cold is the lowest temperature solar term, and the temperature of great cold is lower than slight cold only for a few years. In this season, we should continue to do a good job in the cultivation of spring flowers, do a good job in antifreeze and moistureproof, and strive for a good harvest of spring flowers. In order to prevent snow and freezing rain from breaking fruit trees in bamboo forests, it is foggy and windy in winter, so special attention should be paid to safety in fishing and breeding operations at sea or in rivers and lakes.

Management of special weather

snowy day

Clear the snow on the front roof and the rear roof in time when it snows. Avoid melting the snow on the straw mat or thermal insulation quilt and reduce its thermal insulation effect. After the snowfall stops, on cloudy days, under the premise of ensuring that the temperature in the greenhouse is above 12℃, the grass can be uncovered around noon to make the crops receive scattered light for 2 hours; In case of uncertain weather for a long time, the grass stems should be whipped one by one, or the insulation material should be rolled up by half to prevent plants from wilting due to too strong sunlight; Farming operations such as topdressing, watering, pruning and fruit thinning cannot be carried out on snowy days and cloudy days. For some greenhouses with large span and poor skeleton stability, it is necessary to support and strengthen the scaffolding in time to prevent it from collapsing when it snows.

Extreme cold weather

In order to ensure the safe production of warm-loving vegetables, temporary heating measures can be taken, such as installing Yuba heat conversion light bulb, air heating wire, electric stove, heating combustion block, oil-fired hot stove and so on. To avoid the influence of low indoor temperature on crop growth and freezing injury.

Even on cloudy and foggy days.

Even cloudy and foggy weather will have a great adverse impact on the environment of solar greenhouse, which will easily lead to weakened light, decreased temperature and increased humidity. Weak light, low temperature and low humidity are also one of the main reasons for the high incidence of vegetable diseases and insect pests in greenhouse. Therefore, it is an important link to ensure the healthy growth of greenhouse vegetables in winter to take measures such as supplementing light, dehumidification and heating in continuous cloudy or foggy weather.

Eliminate pests and diseases

The slight cold weather is mostly low temperature and weak light, and the low temperature and high humidity environment in the greenhouse is easy to be infected with diseases and pests such as gray mold, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, downy mildew, late blight and root-knot nematode. First of all, it is necessary to adjust the appropriate growth environment conditions, and it is particularly important to increase the temperature and supplement the light. At noon on cloudy days, it is also necessary to release air for a short time, and sprinkle a layer of dry sawdust or dry straw between rows to absorb excessive air humidity in the greenhouse.

In the early stage of crop diseases, we should choose low-toxic and low-residue chemicals to prevent and control them in time, use dust chemicals and smoke fumigation to prevent and control pests and diseases, try to avoid spraying methods and reduce the humidity in the shed. It is necessary to strictly abide by the provisions of the safe harvesting interval after application to ensure the safety of products.

Organic manure composting

Mix the prepared organic fertilizers such as chicken manure, pig manure and sheep manure with 5 10 kg of biological strains to accelerate the decomposition, and turn it once every 15 days to reach the standard of full and fine decomposition when applying. If the source of organic fertilizer is insufficient, buy commercial organic fertilizer with good quality in advance. In order to improve the quality of vegetable products, it is effective to apply 3000 kg organic fertilizer of decomposed sheep manure per mu.