Read the schematic diagram of the earth's revolution and complete the following questions. (26 points) (1) The time or solar terms represented by the letters in the picture are: A and C respectively.

(1) Summer solstice autumnal equinox (2)

(3) Equatorial circumference (4) 23 26 ˊ north of tropic of Capricorn

(5) Gradually shorten, from long days to short nights.

This topic examines the revolution of the earth. (1) The sun at position A points directly to the Tropic of Cancer, indicating the summer solstice; At position D, the sun is directly on the tropic of Capricorn, which means the winter solstice, so C means the autumnal equinox. (2) The revolution direction is marked on the revolution track, and the direction from west to east is counterclockwise. The rotation direction of point C is marked on the earth axis, from west to east. (3) Sitting on the ground and driving 80,000 miles every day, that is, 40,000 kilometers, is the length of the equator; For example, the daily rotation speed on the equator is 40,000 km/day. (4) As shown in Figure A, the sun shines directly on the Tropic of Cancer, and then the point of direct sunlight moves south. When the earth moves to position D, the direct point of the sun is the tropic of Capricorn, and then the direct point moves north. From A-C-D, the direct point of the sun always moves south, so luoding city is located in the northern hemisphere, with shorter days and longer nights.