What great achievements did China have in the fields of traditional Chinese medicine and astronomical calendar in ancient times? .

Medicine: (1) Shang and Zhou dynasties: rich in medical knowledge.

(2) Warring States Period: Bian Que was a famous doctor at that time, and later doctors called him "the Sect of Pulse Science". His invention of "Four Diagnoses" has become a traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis method in China. Medical branch. There is a famous medical book Neijing.

(3) Western Han Dynasty: During the Warring States Period, Huangdi Neijing compiled by the Western Han Dynasty was an important medical document in early China, which laid the theoretical foundation of traditional Chinese medicine. Fang Yijing, a silk book unearthed from Mawangdui Han Tomb in the Western Han Dynasty, records hundreds of prescriptions.

(4) Eastern Han Dynasty: Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica was China's first complete pharmaceutical work. Zhang Zhongjing's Treatise on Febrile Diseases is an important classic of Chinese medicine in later generations, and later people called Zhang Zhongjing a "medical sage". Hua Tuo is good at surgery and is known as the "imperial doctor". He invented Mafengsan more than 0/600 years earlier than the West.

(5) Sui and Tang Dynasties: ① Some surgical operations in China, such as tooth extraction and vascular ligation, are the most advanced in the world. (2) Chao's Theory of Etiology Staging of Various Diseases in Sui Dynasty is the richest book in the history of ancient medicine to discuss etiology and pathology. (3) Qian Jin Fang, written by Sun Simiao, an outstanding medical scientist in the Tang Dynasty, comprehensively summarized the medical achievements of the past dynasties and at that time, and had many original opinions, which occupied an important position in the medical history of China. ④ The Four Medical Codes compiled by Yuan Dan Gongbu, a famous Tubo doctor, has an important influence at home and abroad. ⑤ Tang Materia Medica edited by Tang Gaozong is the earliest pharmacopoeia in the world, which was promulgated by the state.

(6) Northern Song Dynasty: ① Pediatrics, obstetrics and acupuncture are the most famous medical disciplines. ② The Guide to Pediatric Medical Certificate is an important pediatric work in ancient China. ③ The Theory of Ten Productions is a famous obstetrical work. ④ The acupuncturist designed a bronze model of acupuncture which is convenient for learning medical skills. ⑤ The unjust verdict was written by Song Ci, a forensic scientist in the Southern Song Dynasty. This is the first forensic medicine book in the world. ⑥ During Wang Anshi's political reform, there was a medical bureau and a medical college.

(7) Ming Dynasty: Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica recorded more than 1800 kinds of drugs and 10000 kinds of prescriptions, which comprehensively summarized China's medicine before16th century, and was known as the "Grand Ceremony of Oriental Medicine". Achievements of ancient astronomical calendar: (1) Xia Dynasty: The calendar "Xia Zhengxiao" contains the phenology, astronomical phenomena, meteorology and farming situation of each month in a year. (2) Shang Dynasty: The calendar of Shang Dynasty is the greatest achievement and the longest calendar in the world. Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Shang Dynasty kept the earliest records of solar eclipse, lunar eclipse and nova in China. (3) Spring and Autumn Period: The earliest record of Halley's comet recognized in the world was left, which was more than 670 years earlier than that in Europe. Calendar has formed its own fixed system, and basically established the principle of seven leaps in nineteen years, which is 160 years earlier than Europe. (4) Warring States: The Classic of Shigan Star is the earliest astronomical work in the world; People also measured the seasons of the year. (5) Western Han Dynasty: Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty formulated taichu calendar. The sunspot records in the first 28 years of the Western Han Dynasty are the earliest in the world. (6) Eastern Han Dynasty: Zhang Heng invented the armillary sphere and the seismograph (earlier than Europe 1700 years). (7) Sui and Tang Dynasties: ① The Imperial Calendar compiled by Liu Zhuo, an astronomer in the Sui Dynasty, created a new method to calculate the movement of the sun and the moon, which was the most advanced calendar at that time. (2) The Da compiled by astronomers and monks in the Tang Dynasty on the basis of Huang accurately reflected the laws of the sun's movement, and the system was complete, marking the maturity of the ancient calendar system in China. (3) A line is also the founder of measuring the meridian length of the earth by scientific methods in the world. (8) Yuan Dynasty: At the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, Taishi Bureau was established to compile a new calendar. Guo Shoujing improved simple instruments and standard tables, presided over nationwide astronomical surveys, and compiled an almanac with the same annual cycle as the current Gregorian calendar, but 300 years earlier than the current Gregorian calendar.