What is the full-text translation of Taohuayuan poems?

Tao Yuanming [Wei and Jin Dynasties]

Get the world, then avoid it.

Huang Qi Shangshan, Iraqis also died.

Immersed in the trace, the path is destroyed.

I am destined to farm, and I will rest from where I am.

Mulberry and bamboo hanging in the shade, millet preparing art;

Spring silkworms collect silk, and autumn ripe silkworms are taxed.

The deserted road warms the traffic, and chickens and dogs bark at each other.

Cowpea is ancient, but clothes are not new.

Children and children sing vertically, and the classroom is full of joy.

Grass glory knows peace, and wood decay knows strength.

Although there is no Ji Lizhi, he is four years old.

When you are happy, why bother with wisdom?

Strange traces hide 500, and once a fairy opens them.

Pure and thin are different sources, rotating or hidden.

Excuse me, travel alchemist, how to measure the hubbub?

I am willing to talk in the breeze and hold high to find my contract.

translate

The king of Qin was tyrannical and chaotic, and wise men avoided him.

Sihao lives in seclusion in Shangshan, and some people hide here.

The traces of the past have disappeared, and the journey here has been abandoned.

Ask * * * to farm together and go home to rest in the dark.

Mulberry trees shade and crops are planted according to solar terms.

Spring silkworms cocoon and take silk, and autumn harvest is not taxed.

Grass blocked the traffic, and chickens and dogs in the village barked at each other.

Sacrifice still follows ancient etiquette, and there is no new style of clothes.

The children danced love songs happily, and the old people relaxed happily.

Trees and grass bloom until spring comes, grass withers, and trees wither until cold comes.

Although there is no calendar to record the time, the four seasons have passed like this.

Cheerfulness, relaxation and joy are endless, and there is no need to move wisdom.

Strange traces hidden for 500 years once opened a magical world.

Thin and simple, different sources, hidden in the blink of an eye, nowhere to be found.

Excuse me, ordinary people in the world, do you know this miracle?

I would like to fly high in the light clouds to find my bosom friend.

To annotate ...

Won: Ying Zheng, the first Qin Emperor.

Huang Qi: The collective name of Huanggong Xia and Qiliji among the four famous Shang Mountains in the early Han Dynasty. Here, we refer to "Shang Shan Si Hao".

Yiren: refers to the people in Taoyuan Mountain. Yun: The auxiliary words in the sentence are meaningless. Death: If you leave, you will flee to the mountains.

Traces: Traces left by people, horses or cars. Yan (yān): Bury.

Mutual command: command each other, which means greeting each other. Four. Dedication.

From: Follow. Rest: A place to rest.

Shū: beans. Xiaomi: cereal. Art: planting.

Mi (mǐ): No.

Warm (ài): shelter.

Z-beans: Z and beans. Two kinds of ritual vessels used to hold food in ancient sacrifices and banquets. It also refers to various ritual vessels.

Chang: In ancient times, clothes meant tops and skirts meant skirts. Later it also refers to clothes.

Children and children (rú): children.

Ban Bai: refers to gray hair. Class, through the "point". Yi (y): Play.

Festival and peace: Festival and harmony.

Calendar: calendar of year, month and day.

Adult: become a year.

Yu Le: Endless joy.

Yu He: Why, what.

500: 500 years. More than 500 years from Qin Shihuang to Shanxi and Taiyuan.

Divine world: the magical world.

Spring: Sincerely refers to the human feelings of Taoyuan Mountain. Thin: floating thin refers to the human condition in the real society.

Spin: Soon. Shadow: Deep darkness.

Traveler: One who travels abroad.

Noisy: the chaos and noise of the world.

Nie (niè): Come up.

Qi: Consistency refers to like-minded people.

Make an appreciative comment

Tao Yuanming wrote the Peach Blossom Garden in prose and poetry. "Peach Blossom Garden" mainly describes the fisherman's access to the Peach Blossom Garden and what he saw and heard there. Poetry of Peach Blossom Garden tells the peace and tranquility of people's lives in Peach Blossom Garden in a poet's tone. Taohuayuan's poems are rich in content, which is helpful to understand Tao Yuanming's intention and life ideal in describing Taohuayuan.

This poem is divided into three paragraphs. The first six sentences are the first paragraph, describing and explaining the origin of Taohuayuan people, which has the same meaning as that recorded in The Story of Taohuayuan: "Since the ancestors of Ziyun avoided the chaos of Qin Dynasty, they led their wives to this desperate situation and did not return, so they were isolated from outsiders." However, this poem specifically lists the examples of Huang () and Qi (Qili Chicken) going up the mountain when they avoided Qin, so as to imply that the people in the Peach Blossom Garden have the same interests as these ancient sages, or that these sages took them to the Peach Blossom Garden.

The eighteen sentences in the middle are the second paragraph, which introduces the life scenes of people in Taohuayuan. First write that people in the Peach Blossom Garden take part in labor, work at sunrise and rest at sunset. "Working together" means greeting each other and working hard. "Autumn tax collection" means that when the autumn harvest comes, the fruits of labor belong to the workers and there is no need to pay taxes to the government, indicating that there is no feudal exploitation and oppression. "Lonely roads warm traffic, chickens and dogs bark at each other" is in harmony with "traffic in buildings, chickens and dogs hear each other" in Peach Blossom Garden, and the meanings of the two sentences are basically the same. Then write that people live in harmony, still maintaining ancient etiquette, and clothes are also ancient styles. The children sang heartily and the old man played freely. Finally, I wrote that everything there was natural and comfortable. With the natural changes of seasons, we can adjust our life and work, so we don't even need a calendar, let alone try our best to think and disturb.

The last eight sentences are the third paragraph, where the poet comments and expresses regret. "Five hundred people lived in seclusion" means that from the Qin Dynasty to the Jin Dynasty, people in the Peach Blossom Garden lived in seclusion for 500 years (roughly speaking, it was actually about 600 years). "The once sacred world was opened" means that the Peach Blossom Garden was discovered by fishermen and the secret of this fairytale world was uncovered. "Seclusion" means that the Peach Blossom Garden was cut off from the outside world as soon as it opened, which is what the Peach Blossom Garden story said. Now that the fisherman has left the Peach Blossom Garden, he is "full of ambition". How can he never find it again? In fact, this question has been answered in the poems of Taohuayuan, that is, "lightness and thinness are different sources", which means that the shallowness of secular life and the simplicity of folk customs in Taohuayuan are incompatible and absolutely different. If it is really in this Peach Blossom Garden and discovered by Liu Ziji and others, then it can't exist independently. At the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, wars were frequent, corvees were heavy and people fled. The poet's description of people's lives in the Peach Blossom Garden is so peaceful and harmonious, which is a denial of the dark reality. For thousands of years, I don't know how many people have discussed the existence of Peach Blossom Garden. Some people say that when they fled the chaos, many people really went to the deep mountains and wild forests and lived an ideal life in the hinterland. But obviously, this ideal cannot be equated with the Peach Blossom Spring, because the life scene in the Peach Blossom Spring is idealized by the poet. "If you ask a wandering alchemist, how can you measure the noise outside?" It means that ordinary people in the world can't really understand the life scenes outside the hubbub (Peach Blossom Garden). "I am willing to whisper, and hands in the air will look for my contract." This is a romantic expression of the poet's feelings. It means that I hope I can take off in the breeze and pursue like-minded people (including ancient sages and people in the Peach Blossom Garden mentioned at the beginning of the poem).

Xiao Tong's Biography of Tao Yuanming said: "Yuan Ming doesn't know the melody, but he is guarding a stringed piano, which is suitable for every wine and needs to be fondled to convey his feelings." You can't play the string piano. You play with it to "convey its meaning" and describe a beautiful paradise. Although it is out of reach in reality, it is just to "convey its meaning."

From the above simple analysis, Peach Blossom Garden Poetry is indeed more specific and detailed than Peach Blossom Garden in some aspects. Peach Blossom Garden is limited to what fishermen have seen and heard. Fishermen have not stayed in Taohuayuan for a long time and have limited knowledge. Peach Blossom Garden poetry is more flexible and free, and it is also convenient for poets to express their feelings directly. Therefore, it is necessary to read Peach Blossom Spring and Peach Blossom Spring Poems.

Peach Blossom Garden Poetry and Peach Blossom Garden Story both describe the same utopian ideal society, but they are not repeated. Ji is a prose with twists and turns, novel plots, characters, dialogues, specific descriptions and novel colors; The language of "Poetry" is relatively simple, and the situation of Taoyuan society is described in detail. "Ji" takes the experience of the fisherman as the material, and writes what the fisherman saw and heard. The author's mood and attitude are hidden behind the words, while "Poetry" is a poem that the poet directly describes the historical state of Taoyuan and directly expresses his feelings and wishes. The two complement each other, which fully shows the ideological and aesthetic significance of Peach Blossom Garden.

Some people think that it is a negative retrogression to praise "ancient law" instead of "wisdom" in Taohuayuan's poems. This is not really understanding the original intention of the poet's writing. The so-called "ancient law", although a kind of sustenance, expresses the simple yearning for ancient society, rather than reversing history; The so-called "why use wisdom" is actually an expression of hatred and negation of intrigue and intrigue in secular life. As pointed out by predecessors, Tao Yuanming is a person who is "interested in the world" and "wants to do what he can't do". He has his own ideals and regrets that cannot be realized, which are the essence of his thoughts.

Creation background

This poem was written in Tao Yuanming's later years, about the third year of Song Yong in the Southern Dynasty (422 years). In the third year of Yuanxi (42 1), Emperor Wu of Song conspired to kill Gong Jin with poisoned wine. Tao Yuanming expressed his feelings through his creation, creating a beautiful realm opposite to the dirty and dark society in order to pin his political ideals and good interests. Peach Blossom Garden was written in this context.

Tao Yuanming?

Tao Yuanming (about 365 ~ 427), with a clear word, changed his name to Qian in his later years, and his word was profound and clear. Mr. Wu Liu, nicknamed Mr. Jingjie, is called Mr. Jingjie. Xunyang Chaisang (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi) was born. An outstanding poet, lyricist and essayist at the end of Eastern Jin Dynasty and the beginning of Liu Song Dynasty. Known as "the Sect of Hermit Poets" and "the originator of pastoral poetry". He is the first literary master in Jiangxi. He served as Jiangzhou Wine Sacrifice, Jianwei Army, Zhenjun, and Pengze County Order, and the last official position was Pengze County Order. He left his post for more than 80 days and retired to the countryside. He is the first pastoral poet in China, and is known as the "School of Ancient and Modern Hermit Poetry", with a collection of Tao Yuanming.