The Origin and Significance of "Jiujiu Song" from Winter solstice to Japan

The Origin and Significance of "Jiujiu Song" from Winter solstice to Japan

Among the 24 solar terms, the winter solstice is the earliest solar term. The coming of winter also means that the real winter is coming on the solstice, so as early as in the folk, people sang Jiujiu songs, which are very popular. There are not many people who can sing Jiujiu songs now! So, do you know the origin and meaning of "Jiujiu Song" from winter solstice to the sun? I have collected and sorted out relevant information, please see below.

"99", also known as "99 in winter", is a folk solar term in winter in China. The "number nine" began the day after the "winter solstice" in late February and early February of 65438. When the custom of "counting nine" originated, there is no exact information at present. However, it was popular at least in the Northern and Southern Dynasties. "Liang Chao Shu Jing Chu Chun Qiu" records: "The winter solstice is 998 1 day, which is the end of cold." Count nine cold days, that is, from the solstice of winter, count a "nine" every nine days until the "99" of 81 days, and the weather will warm up.

The widely circulated "99-99 Xiehan Song" from winter solstice, commonly known as "99-99 Song", vividly records the climate and phenological changes between winter solstice and vernal equinox, and also expresses some laws of agricultural activities. The widely circulated song 1929 for removing cold says: "1929 does not shoot, 1949 walks on the ice, 1969 sees the willows, 1979 opens the river, 1999.

Because the climate is different in different places, there are some differences in Jiujiu songs. For example, the 99 song is: "1929 don't shoot; 3,949 yuan to take away; Five or nine and a half points, slag scattered; Hit six or nine heads in spring, take off your coat and change to a cow; In 7963, pedestrians relaxed their clothes; Nine times out of ten, don't plow, just stay for three or five days; 1999 Yang bloom, don't come in the future. "

The working people have experienced thousands of years of struggle against the severe cold of snow and wind, and according to their long-term practical experience, they have created many "Jiujiu Songs" that describe the changes in temperature and humidity during the Jiujiu period. For example, the 99 folk song popular in the north: Count to 9 and then count to 9, 1929 Don't shoot. Three, nine, four, nine, walking on the ice. Look at the willows by the river. Seven or nine rivers open and eight or nine swallows come. Ninety-nine and nineteen, plowing cattle everywhere.

Lu Gu recorded a song "Counting Nine Songs", which humorously described the situation of ancient people in winter: 1929, he asked Fu to make a hand (the hand was shrunk in the robe because he was afraid of cold); 3927, fence head blowing (cold wind blowing on the fence head, like blowing); 4936, sleeping at night is like camping (sleeping under a quilt is like sleeping in the wild); Five, nine, four, five, poor street dance. If you don't dance, it will be chilly in spring (the poor people wear thin clothes to dance to keep warm); In 6954, flies piled up in the house (showing a little warmth); In 7963, two shoulders were covered with cloth sleeves (warmer, so you can put thick clothes on your shoulders); In 8972, cats and dogs were lying in the cold; In 998 1 year, the poor man was about to stretch his feet to sleep when mosquitoes and fleas came out.

In ancient society, the poor suffered especially in winter.

China has a vast territory, and the "Jiujiu Songs" vary from place to place. But the same. There is a popular folk song like this (Beijing version): 1929 Don't shoot. Three, nine, four, nine, walking on the ice. Look at the willows by the river. Seven or nine rivers open and eight or nine geese come. 99 plus 19, plowing cattle everywhere.

As the saying goes, "the first nine days are warm, and the last nine days are cold." It is found that if the first nine days are warm, the whole winter will be particularly cold. Therefore, it is said that "the first day is not greedy, and the rain and snow continue to winter." "Yanjing Age" said: "The winter solstice on March 9 is difficult." It means that it has entered the coldest stage in cold weather since March 9. "Jing Fang Yizhan" said: "The solstice after winter, the 30th is extremely cold." "The third day after beginning of winter is the coldest day in December from solstice." Later, people generally thought that March 9 was the coldest day, but in fact, April 9 was the coldest time in winter. It was only a few days before March 9 that the temperature changed greatly, and suddenly it became cold, so the body did not adapt, so it was particularly cold. On April 9, although the temperature was lower than that on March 9, the temperature difference changed little, and it didn't feel as cold as when it entered March 9 from February 9. Since the winter solstice, 349 is just near the great cold in the twenty-four solar terms.

Why count "nine"? Why not count two, three, four, five, six, seven and eight? This is different from the ups and downs of Yin and Yang in China's traditional philosophy, that is, warm coming and cold going. Nine is the number of "Zhiyang", also called Lao Yang, and nine is the largest number. The accumulation of "Zhiyang" means that Yin Qi is decreasing day by day, and it is tired to the end for nine times, which means that the cold is getting warmer and "the spring is deep".

Every nine days, the weather changes in cold and warm. Based on long-term experience, people record these images, summarize them and compile them into folk proverbs, which are called "Jiujiu Songs". Because our country spans the north temperate zone and subtropical zone, the climate change is different in different places, so the content of Jiujiu Song is different in different places. For example, the "99 Songs" in the north said: "1929 does not shoot; Walking on the ice in 3949; 5969, look at the willows by the river; Seven or nine rivers open, and eight or nine geese come; 998 1, eat at home. " (Zaoqiang County) "After five and a half years, Ling dissipated. In the spring, there are six or nine heads and seven or ninety-three heads, and pedestrians on the road carry clothes. 1989 did not plow the fields, and Yang bloom was spared on March 3rd and 5th. " (Xinhe County) "I hit six or nine heads in the spring, sold my fur coat and bought a cow." (Jinxian) "1929, I can't move. 3927, the hedge head blew. Sleeping at night is like sleeping outside. In 5945, every family pushed the salt tiger. 6954, mouth temperature. In 7963, pedestrians carried clothes (single). In 8972, cats and dogs sought shade. 1998, the poor man ended his suffering. " ("The Story of Jingchu Times") Hunan's "Jiujiu Song" said: "On the ninth day of the winter solstice, hide your cuffs with your hands; 29 18 years, the mouth seems to eat Chili; 3927, see fire as honey; 4936, close the door of the house, keep the stove; 5945, open the door and find a warm place. In 6954, the willow was blue and purple; In 7963, pedestrians took off their clothes; In 8972, catkins flew everywhere; 998 1, put on hemp fiber and hat. " Yuxian county under the dam said: "1929 dumb door (describing mouth) called dog (describing burping);" 3949, frozen broken wheels; 5969, open the door and walk away; The 79 river does not open, and the 89 geese come; The Jiujiu River is frozen heavy and the rice noodles are broken. "

These "Jiujiu Songs" are the experiences summed up by the broad masses of people in our country from generation to generation on the basis of production and life practice, using some ecological reflections and meteorological signs in nature. They are quite scientific and still play a guiding role in the arrangement of people's production and life, so they have been popular and widely circulated in people's words and behaviors.

In fact, winter solstice is "cathode day", with short days and long nights, which should be the coldest time of the year. In fact, this is the beginning of cold. As the saying goes, "Cold is on March 9th", and in some places, "On March 9th, April 9th, dogs and cats were frozen to death" exists in the "Jiujiu Song". March 9 and April 9 are often the beginning of the twelfth lunar month, so there are sayings of "freezing to death at the door of the twelfth lunar month" and "pulling Bala up and going out to freeze". Why is the coldest day of the year on March 9th after Yang Sheng? This is because the earth absorbs the heat from the sun and stores it, storing it during the day and releasing it at night. Before the winter solstice, the heat released by the earth is less than the heat absorbed, and it accumulates slightly. Since the winter solstice, although the heat absorbed by the earth from the sun has increased due to the longer days, the heat emitted has been "unable to make ends meet" because the nights are still longer than the days. On March 9 and April 9, the earth was seriously "short of heat", so the winter solstice became colder and became the coldest moment of the year. ;