Origin and custom of beginning of winter: 250 words.

"beginning of winter" is165438+1October 7th or 8th every year, which is19th of the 24 solar terms. In ancient China, people used to regard beginning of winter as the beginning of winter. "Twenty-four solar terms" said: "Foundation is also the beginning", and said: "Winter is also the end, and everything is also the harvest." It means that the crops in autumn are harvested and put into storage, and the animals are hiding and hibernating. It seems that the beginning of winter does not just mean the coming of winter. In a word, beginning of winter means that when winter begins, everything will be collected to keep out the cold.

Beginning of winter and beginning of autumn are the same. The ancients also used divination to see the warmth and coldness of winter in this season, such as "beginning of winter is sunny and one winter is cold (cold); It is cloudy (rainy) in early winter and warm (warm) in one winter. There are no exceptions. In ancient times, on the day of beginning of winter, the emperor personally led the doctors of three public officials to the northern suburbs to welcome the winter.

In ancient China, beginning of winter was divided into three stages: the beginning of still water and ice; The second waiting place began to freeze; The pheasant drowned three times. "This kind of solar water can already form ice; The land also began to freeze; In the third stage, pheasant refers to a big bird like pheasant, and pheasant is a big clam. After beginning of winter, big birds like pheasants are rare, but you can see big clams with similar lines and colors at the seaside. Therefore, the ancients thought that pheasants would become big clams in early winter.

In early winter, the sun has reached the longitude of 225, and the amount of solar radiation obtained by the northern hemisphere is getting less and less. At this time, there is still some heat storage on the surface in summer, so it is generally not too cold. When there is no wind on a sunny day, there is always warm and comfortable "Xiaoyangchun" weather, which is not only very pleasant, but also very beneficial to the growth of winter crops. But at this time, the cold air in the north also has a strong force, often invading the south frequently, and sometimes it will form a cold wave weather with strong winds, cooling rain and snow.

The custom of solar terms in beginning of winter

China's solar terms are the carrier of farming customs, and history has passed, leaving behind culture. Festival customs are actually agricultural customs and culture (food customs are also one of them). Although it has no practical significance in modern life, it adds interest to life.

Beginning of winter, together with beginning of spring, Changxia and beginning of autumn, is called "Four Seasons", which is an important festival in ancient society. On this day, the emperor will lead civil and military officials to the northern suburbs of Beijing to set up an altar for sacrifice.

In October, beginning of winter, also known as "beginning of winter", entered the winter, and there is a folk custom of "beginning of winter makes up the winter". The ancients thought that when it was cold, it was necessary to supplement the body nutrition. Eat ginseng, pilose antler, dog meat and mutton to stew chicken and duck eight treasures. This is a popular way to make up for winter. Some Chinese medicine shops also introduce Shiquan Dabu Soup, which is a tonic made of stewed chicken or other meat with ten nourishing Chinese medicines.

In ancient times, on this day, the son of heaven had the gift of going out to welcome the winter, giving the minister winter clothes and pity the lonely. That is to say, just like beginning of spring, Changxia and beginning of autumn, the ceremony to welcome winter will be held when the winter emperor is established. Three days before beginning of winter, Taishi Gong told the son of heaven the date of beginning of winter, and the son of heaven began to bathe and fast. Li led Dr. San Gong Jiu Qing to welcome the winter in the northern suburbs. When you come back, the son of heaven will be rewarded with death and widowed.

Manchu people have the custom of burning incense. Beginning of winter, as soon as autumn grain is put into storage, this season is the active season for Manchu Eight Banners and Han Eight Banners to burn incense and worship their ancestors. The sacrifice of the Eight Banners in the Han Dynasty is called "the incense of burning flags to jump the tiger god", and the Eight Banners of human beings are called "the incense of burning meat". "Roast meat" lasts for 5-7 days. Three days before the ancestor worship, the whole family was vegetarian and did not eat meat for ten days.

In early winter, in the place where the "old Tianjin people" live in the east and west of the river, there is a custom of eating pumpkins and jiaozi. Pumpkin, also known as sleeping melon, pumpkin, rice melon and north melon, is a common vegetable in the north. Pumpkins are usually bought in summer and stored in huts or windowsills. After a long time of saccharification, it was made into dumpling stuffing on the solstice of winter. The taste is different from that of Chinese cabbage and pumpkin stuffing in summer. It also needs to be eaten with vinegar and garlic, which tastes special.