Tips for car maintenance in winter

First, the heating system

Whether the heating system can work normally in winter is undoubtedly very important. Although the structure of heating system is simpler than that of air conditioning system, it will break down if it is left idle for a summer. Therefore, before entering the winter, it is necessary to check whether there is hot air in the heating system, whether there is abnormal noise in the operation of the fan, and whether the air duct is unobstructed. Sometimes the antifreeze in the warm air pipe does not flow for a long time, and the circulating pipe is blocked by condensation. Although it does not affect driving, it is very troublesome to repair. If there is a problem, you must go to the 4S shop or repair shop for repair in time.

Second, the cooling system

We must use antifreeze in winter, especially in the cold north, where the temperature is below zero most of the time. If the engine cooling system contains ordinary water, it is easy to freeze, which is not conducive to the start of the car and will almost cause serious damage to the engine. According to statistics, cooling system failure is the first killer of engine failure, accounting for about 60% of the total number of engine failures! Therefore, using antifreeze in winter can effectively prevent freezing events in the cooling system. So don't forget to check the antifreeze in winter. Generally speaking, it is recommended to replace antifreeze every two years. But if you have added ordinary water to the antifreeze, the replacement cycle of the antifreeze should be advanced. When replacing, pay attention to the color of antifreeze. Different colors cannot be mixed.

As far as the choice of antifreeze is concerned, the lower the freezing point, the stronger the antifreeze performance is. The freezing points of antifreeze in the market are-15, -25, -30 and -40. The selected freezing point should be lower than the lowest temperature in this area 10.

Third, hot cars.

After the car is ignited, wait for a period of time (the waiting time depends on the relatively stable time after the speed drops, generally not more than one minute). For example, when the vehicle starts, the speed is above 2000 rpm, and after about 30 seconds to 1 min, the engine tachometer pointer drops to about 1200 rpm (but it has not dropped to the normal idle speed), and the speed is 800- 1000 rpm, which is basically stable. There is no obvious fluctuation, and there is no obvious vibration in the body. In this case, you can start the gear. Keep the rotation speed within 2000 rpm and drive at a low speed (without affecting the normal driving of other vehicles). When the water temperature reaches nearly 60 (more than one third of the water thermometer of a general car), it can run normally.

Fourthly, sprinkler system.

Even if the use of wiper spray system will be significantly reduced in winter, it can not be ignored, especially in the northern region. For example, antifreeze can be replaced by clear water and clear water in summer, but these substitutes may freeze in winter, so they cannot be used in winter. In the environment below zero degrees Celsius in winter, the antifreeze glass water in winter should be replaced, or an appropriate proportion of alcohol should be added to the glass water to reduce the freezing point and prevent freezing.

Five, vehicle lighting inspection

In winter, the working state of the whole vehicle lamp should be comprehensively checked, and the black light bulb should be replaced as soon as possible. Fog lights, brake lights and turn signals must be checked by themselves. In winter morning, the visibility is low in foggy days, and rear-end collisions occur frequently. Therefore, whether fog lights and high-position brake lights work normally is also the guarantee of driving safety in winter.

Six, power supply system

Here is mainly about the battery. The battery is very sensitive to low temperature, and the capacity of the battery at low temperature is much lower than that at normal temperature. Although the existing battery is maintenance-free, there is no need to replenish electrolyte and adjust the proportion of electrolyte. However, before the arrival of the cold season, the terminal of the battery should also be cleaned and protected with special grease to ensure reliable start-up and prolong the battery life. If the vehicle is parked in the open air or garage for several weeks, take out the battery and store it in a warmer room to prevent the battery from being damaged.

Seven, tires

Rubber will become hard and brittle due to the decrease of temperature, and the friction coefficient will decrease. The tire pressure should not be too high in winter, but it should not be too low. Low outside temperature and low tire pressure will accelerate the aging of soft tires. In winter, the inclusions in the tread pattern should be cleaned frequently, and tires that have been repaired many times should be avoided as far as possible, and tires with large wear and different brands and patterns should be replaced. There is a great difference between the internal and external wear of tires. In order to ensure safety and reduce wear, it is necessary to carry out four-wheel dynamic balance on the tire regularly and change the position of the tire.

Eight, windshield

Keeping the windshield clean is the basic condition for safe driving. Wipe the wiper regularly in winter to ensure that the windshield can be wiped clean in snowy days. If possible, replace the antifreeze windshield to avoid freezing in winter. In addition, some windshield deicer can be added to the glass water. When the windshield freezes, spray glass water on it and the ice will melt. Unlike ordinary glass water, it is more and more troublesome to spray when it freezes.

The defogging circuit of the rear window glass plays a great role. When driving in rainy and snowy weather, the defogging circuit of the rear window glass can quickly remove fog or ice water, thus providing a good rear view for the driver. During maintenance, the window glass should be wiped along the direction of the printed circuit, that is, horizontally. If you rub it up and down, it is easy to break the resistance wire. If you need to check whether the defogging line works, you can turn on the defogging switch of the rear window to see if you can clear the fog on the rear window. If it cannot be cleared, first check whether the fuse of the rear window defogging line is intact. If the fuse is normal, check the printed circuit on the rear window for an open circuit. If there is a broken wire, it should be sent to a repair shop for repair, or the water vapor and dirt at the broken wire should be wiped off with a clean cloth, and then the packaged cigarette should be cleaned. Cut the tin foil to a suitable size, then stick the tin foil on the transparent adhesive tape with one side of the tin foil facing outward, and finally stick the tin foil on the dotted line.

Nine, chassis

Because of the heavy snow and water vapor, sometimes in order to melt the snow and ice as soon as possible, the snow blower often sprinkles a lot of salt on the road to accelerate the melting of the snow and ice. And this kind of pavement is equivalent to a layer of acidic liquid pavement. When the car is driving on the ice and snow road, the speeding tires will obviously throw the snow water with high salt content onto the chassis of the car. If the chassis is not well protected, it will easily lead to chassis corrosion. Rust. Therefore, it is best to take some time to do a good job of anti-rust care of chassis before winter. In order to better protect your car. It can also prolong the service life of the car.

Air intake system

In the cold winter, cars often don't start. Apart from the possible reasons such as insufficient cooling system and battery power, most of them are caused by excessive carbon deposition in throttle and air intake. Too much carbon deposits on the throttle itself can easily lead to ignition failure. In summer, the carbon deposit on the throttle may not affect the start of the engine, but in winter, gasoline volatilization will be affected because of the low ambient temperature in the car. Under the same load condition, the gasoline ignition is weak, the engine may catch fire, or it needs to be ignited many times. Therefore, it is recommended that the owner clean up the carbon deposit on the engine throttle in winter. Generally speaking, I suggest cleaning the throttle body every 20 thousand kilometers and checking the spark plug, so as to prevent the engine from igniting.

XI。 lubrication system

As we all know, engine oil has three functions: lubrication, cooling and cleaning. The normal flow of engine oil is an important medium to ensure the normal operation of the engine. But the realization of these functions is mainly related to the viscosity and fluidity of engine oil. The viscosity of engine oil changes with temperature.

When changing oil in winter, we must pay attention to choosing the appropriate viscosity. Different viscosity grades are suitable for different ambient temperatures. If you choose it improperly, it is easy to cause problems such as difficult or even impossible to start the automobile engine. Improper engine oil will increase the working resistance of the engine, aggravate the wear of mechanical parts and increase fuel consumption. Correct selection of engine oil will undoubtedly increase the service life of the engine.

Twelve. Wiper

When driving to work in winter morning, I often find a thick layer of fog or frost on the window, and sometimes the wiper will freeze on the glass. Don't open the wiper by force at this time, which will not only damage the wiper, but also damage the glass. Don't wash the glass directly with hot water, which will easily cause the window to burst and break. The wiper is deformed!

At this time, you can start the engine first, start the warm air defogging mode, and blow air on the front windshield. After a period of time, the fog on the glass disappears and the wiper will naturally separate. If it is too slow, generally add antifreeze glass water to the wiper spray bottle. If necessary, you can lift the wiper. At the same time, use a special antifogging agent and coat it evenly on the inside of the glass. It can prevent fog for about four or five days at a time.

Rear window defogging, you can turn on the rear windshield resistance wire of the car to defog. This function is also standard for most vehicles. The specific use method is very simple. Most vehicles only need to find this button on the central control panel and press it. Pay more attention to inspection at ordinary times.

Thirteen, choose the right place to park.

Winter weather is bad, windy weather, rain and snow are always sudden. In order to ensure that your car is not damaged by temporary weather changes, you should pay attention to choosing the right parking space. ?