Information about the flavor of the Dai, Jingpo, Achang, Naxi and Bai ethnic groups.

I. The Dai People

1. Festivals

The festivals of the Dai people are mostly related to religious activities. The main festivals are the Somen Festival, the Open Door Festival and the Water Festival.

2. Marriage

The distinctive feature of the Dai family and marriage in history is endogamy. Strict endogamy was practiced among the Tois, and polygamy was prevalent. The Tois also abused the wives and daughters of peasants at will by virtue of their power. The majority of peasants practiced patriarchal monogamous small families, with parents and unmarried children as family members. The social development of the country varies from place to place, and so does the pattern of family marriage.

3. Burial

The Dai people practiced earth burials, but there was a clear class distinction, with burial sites for the nobles and the poor strictly separated. After the death of monks and Buddhist monks, they are cremated first, and then the ashes are buried behind the temple in tile pots.

The Jingpo people

1. Festivals

The traditional festivals of the Jingpo people include the Megalong Festival, the Nengxian Festival and the New Rice Festival, among which the grandest and most important one is the Megalong Festival.

2. Marriage

Jingpo marriages are carried out between the husband's race (called "Muyu" in Jingpo and "Meng" in Zaiwawa) and the aunt's race (called "Damar" in Jingpo and "Dama" in Zaiwawa). The marriage form of one-way union between the two species (called "Muyu" in Jingpo and "Meng" in Javanese) and the master (called "Dama" in Jingpo and "Mo" in Javanese).

Once a marriage is concluded between two families, not only are there two personal identities of "aunt" (son-in-law) and "father-in-law" (father-in-law), but there are also two personal identities of "aunt" and "father-in-law". The relationship between the "father-in-law" and the "son-in-law" (son-in-law) is a fixed one, and the "father-in-law" (father-in-law) is a fixed one.

3. Funeral and Burial

The funeral and burial customs of the Jingpo people are unique. The Jingpo people have unique funeral and burial customs, including cremation in the case of death, sky burial in the case of young death, and earth burial in the case of normal death.

Natural death at home is regarded as a good death, while accidental death, death by knife or gun, suicide by hanging, throwing oneself into the river, and death in childbirth are all regarded as bad deaths.

The Achang people

1. Festivals

There are many festivals throughout the Achang people. From the Achang ethnic festivals can be seen by the Han, Dai and other ethnic cultures and the influence of Buddhist culture. There are many festivals of the Achang people in Tusa, such as Catch the Pendulum, Water Festival, Into the Puddle, Out of the Puddle, Burning White Chai, Torch Festival, Changing the Yellow Sheet, New Year's Day, Watering Flowers and so on, which are related to the belief of Hinayana Buddhism.

2. Marriage

Achang families are generally monogamous patrilineal families, practicing the system of inheritance of youngest sons, and there are also families with three generations living under the same roof.

3. Burial

The Achang generally practise earth burial. In areas where Buddhism is practiced, after a person's death, the Buddha is first invited to recite sutras, and then the funeral is held on an auspicious day. There are also customs such as receiving gas, mourning, and stopping the spirit to pay homage.

When the funeral, by the Buddha with a long about three, four zhang cloth tied to the coffin, hand holding the cloth in front of the front, to show that by the old Buddha to lead the way, so that the dead safely to "heaven". Coffin lift out the door, the deceased's wife and children kneeling on both sides, the coffin should be lifted from their heads, said "bridge" to the dead across the river. Each village has a public **** cemetery.

Four, Naxi

1, traditional festivals

Sacrifice to the sky, is the Naxi Dongba one of the biggest rituals, but also the Naxi people's largest folk traditional festivals held in the first month.

New Year, the first month of the lunar New Year in the Naxi language is called "by Benjizheng", also known as "Ku Shi", meaning "New Year". During the festival, Naxi folk to hold a series of traditional activities to celebrate the old and welcome the new.

Stick will, the first month of the lunar calendar, is the 15th, is a traditional festival of the Naxi people, folk called "stick will". The "stick stick will" marks the end of the Spring Festival festivities, the beginning of the spring plowing production.

2, wedding customs

Naxi main settlement area to get married in general through the betrothal, please the bride, the wedding program. In the past, there are a few "robbing marriage" and "brother died sister-in-law" of the "transfer room" marriage customs, people with different clans can be intermarried, but the same "Chongwu The same surname and different clans can intermarry, but the same "Chongwu" (clan) intermarriage is prohibited; aunts and uncles table and aunts table preferential marriage is a more popular custom in the past.

3, daily etiquette

Naxi hospitality, whenever the hunt returns, all pedestrians can share a share of the prey. When a guest comes to the door, the host should make six or eight kinds of dishes for hospitality.

Taboos are: riding to the front of the fortress must be dismounted, and can not tie the horse in the place of sacrifice to heaven; can not step on the tripod, and can not fiddle with the ash in the stove; sacrifice to heaven, ancestors, the god of war, the taboo on outsiders to watch. It is forbidden to sit on the threshold and use knives and axes to cut things on the threshold. In some places, it is also forbidden to sing songs in the house; it is forbidden to kill the plow ox, pack horse and dawn cock; it is forbidden to eat dog meat.

Five, Bai

1, traditional festivals

March Street, also known as the "Guanyin City", is a grand festival of the Bai people and good times. It is held from the 15th to the 20th day of the third month of the lunar calendar at the foot of Dancang Mountain, west of Dali City. Initially, it is with religious activities, and later gradually become a grand exchange of materials.

The Torch Festival, held on the 25th day of the 6th lunar month in the Bai Tuenzhai.

The Three Spirits Festival is held in the second half of April on the lunar calendar and lasts for three or four days.

Shi Baoshan Song Festival, held for three days in Shi Zhong Temple on Shi Baoshan Mountain at the end of the seventh lunar month.

2, marriage customs

Bai families, the son married that is separated from his parents. Bai people with the same clan and the same surname do not intermarry.

The love activities of young Bai men and women are relatively free, and they usually take advantage of the labor, market, festivals and temple fairs to talk about love, test each other through songs, express their feelings, and look for the person of their choice.

3, daily etiquette

Bai hospitality, first guest after the host is the Bai hospitality etiquette. When guests come home, they are treated with wine and tea. The famous "three-way tea" is the Bai hospitality. But the Bai people pour tea generally only half a cup, pouring wine need to be full of cups, they believe that wine full of people, tea full of people. By the Bai people's hospitality, you should say Noiwei you (thank you) to express your thanks and gratitude.