Traditional Chinese cultural knowledge.

1 Chinese myths and legends, the dragon is a divine animal, with shrimp eyes, antlers, cow mouth, dog nose, catfish whiskers, lion's mane, snake's tail, fish scales, eagle's claw, nine kinds of animals into one of the nine unlike the image. The ancestors of the Chinese nation Yandi, the Yellow Emperor, legend and the dragon have a close relationship, "the Yellow Emperor Dragon Xuanyuan's Dragon Figure out of the river" ("Bamboo Clerk Year"), according to legend, Yandi for his mother induction "Dragon Head" and was born after death into the red dragon. Therefore, the Chinese people call themselves "the descendants of the dragon".　　The dragon is a good change in Chinese mythology, can rise clouds and rain, benefit all things of the gods and animals, the legend can be hidden and visible, the spring equinox in the sky, the autumn equinox submerged in the abyss. And can rise clouds to rain, for the long of the scaly insects, the four spirits (dragon, phoenix, unicorn, tortoise) of the first, and later became a symbol of imperial power, successive emperors were appointed as the dragon, the use of artifacts are also decorated with dragons. The Classic of Mountains and Seas" recorded that the summer after the Kai, Matsui, Jumang, etc. are "riding the rain dragon". According to another book, "Zhuan Xu (zhuān xū) rode the dragon to the four seas" and "帝喾(kù)" rode the dragon in spring and summer. In the past, there were four kinds of dragons: those with scales were called jiao (jiāo) dragons; those with wings were called yinglongs; those with horns were called gnarled dragons; and those without horns were called chi dragons. Up and down thousands of years, the dragon has permeated the culture of Chinese society, in addition to the spread of inheritance in the Chinese land, but also by the Chinese who traveled overseas to the world, in the world's countries of the Chinese residential areas or Chinatowns, the most numerous and most eye-catching ornaments are still dragons. As a result, the "heir of the dragon" and the "land of the dragon" have gained worldwide recognition. The dragon is the representative of the Chinese nation! It is the symbol of China! 2 "A gentleman is in harmony, but not in agreement; a villain is in agreement, but not in agreement." A gentleman can maintain a harmonious relationship with those around him, but he has to think independently about everything, never wanting to agree with others blindly; but a villain does not have his own independent opinion, and only seeks to be in agreement with others, without principles, and cannot maintain a harmonious relationship with others, which is in the aspect of dealing with people. In fact, the difference between "harmony but difference" and "agreement but not harmony" can be seen in almost all issues. "Harmony and difference" shows the profound philosophy and high wisdom of Confucius' thought.

Simply put, "and different" refers to a harmonious **** living relationship, that is, our body consists of blood, flesh, bones, etc., a whole, is 1 + 1 greater than the relationship between 2; "the same, but not the same" is a simple relationship between the addition of water, water! The same but not the same" is a simple additive relationship, water plus water is still water, 1+1 is still 1, there is no enhancement and promotion of the factors in it.

4 Chinese philosophy is one of the independently developed types of philosophy in the history of world philosophy. Compared with other types of philosophy, it has the following characteristics:

1) Philosophy in the feudal age had relatively full development. Chinese philosophy began in the pre-Qin Dynasty, has a long history, and belongs to one of the few philosophical forms that have reached a high level compared with the philosophies of other parts of the world in the same period. After entering the feudal society, due to the science and technology in the world for a long time in the leading position, the feudal order of rule is relatively stable, so the Chinese philosophy in the Yin and Zhou philosophies, on the basis of the continued development of the philosophy, the formation of a long history, with a higher form of philosophy of the feudal society. In other countries and regions of the same time, philosophy was in a state of relative poverty, only in modern Europe, after the Renaissance movement, philosophy then gradually developed.

②The philosophy of Chinese feudal society was mainly combined with scripture, not with theology. In feudal China, religious theology was more active, but failed to dominate. Chinese philosophy has always been Confucianism as the orthodoxy, Confucianism is inherited from the traditional concept of fate, but focus on the real world, do not focus on the other side of the world; emphasize moral education rather than religious preaching. Some thinkers with materialistic tendencies regarded themselves as "orthodox" and criticized religious theological views. In the West, during the Middle Ages, when theology was dominant, philosophy became the handmaiden of theology, and materialist thought could only exist in religious garb or in the form of religious heresy.

③Traditional Chinese philosophy and ethics are closely linked, ontology, epistemology and moral theory are interpenetrating, with a strong ethical color. In the pre-Qin era, among the hundred schools of thought, Confucianism, Taoism, Mohammedanism, and Law all took the concept of heaven as the theoretical basis for their ethical doctrines. After the Qin and Han Dynasties, Confucianism was regarded as the orthodoxy, and both Dong Zhongshu's theory of the induction of heaven and man and Wang Bi's claim that "the name of the religion is born out of nature" argued for the Confucian ethics of the program through their respective ontology. The combination of ontology, epistemology, and moral theory is even more pronounced in Song and Ming philosophy. Zhang Zai took qi as the origin of all things and proclaimed the spirit of love and benevolence, "We are all the same as each other, and we are all the same as each other," while Er Cheng and Zhu Xi took rationality as the ontology and emphasized that the Divine Principle is the highest principle of human ethics. In Chinese philosophy, epistemology is often associated with moral awareness and moral cultivation. Mengzi's "Sincerity", Xunzi's "Voidness and Quietness", Cheng Zhu's "Knowledge of Things", and Lu Wang's "Inventing the Original Mind" are all attempts to seek the truth. "All of them are both methods of knowledge and moral cultivation.

4. The way of thinking in Chinese philosophy tends to be holistic, organic and continuous. Chinese philosophy has a rich tradition of plain dialectical thinking, and many philosophers have expressed their dialectical ideas in different terms, such as Laozi's "the opposite of the Tao's movement," the Yi Chuan, which puts forward "one yin and one yang is called the Tao," and the Song and Ming philosophers' proposal of "One thing, two bodies", "divide one into two, combine two into one", etc. They regarded the evolution of the universe as a series of events. They regarded the evolution of the universe as a series of generative and transformational processes, and regarded heaven and earth, all things, motion, static, form, and god as contradictory unities that are distinct from and interconnected with each other.

⑤ Chinese philosophy has its own unique traditional conceptual categories. These unique conceptual categories of Chinese philosophy, such as Tao, qi, reason, God, emptiness, sincerity, clarity, body, use, taiji, yin and yang, etc., condense the wisdom of Chinese thinkers. These conceptual categories are the result of the wisdom of Chinese thinkers. During the long historical development of Chinese philosophy, these categories have been constantly enriched and enriched, given new contents, and in-depth discussions have been carried out around these categories, which have continuously improved the theoretical thinking level of Chinese philosophy. Chinese philosophy has also made useful contributions to the development of human culture, spreading to surrounding countries and regions such as Japan, Korea, Vietnam and Southeast Asian countries, and has had a wide and far-reaching influence throughout the world. There are too many, let others add the rest