Teach yourself to measure blood pressure.

Measuring your blood pressure regularly is the best way to know if you have high blood pressure. Middle-aged and elderly people without high blood pressure are best every 3? Blood pressure is measured every 4 months and at least once every 6 months. If you have never had your blood pressure measured before, but recently have symptoms such as headache, dizziness and head swelling, you should go to the hospital to have your blood pressure measured immediately to find out whether you have high blood pressure. There are many patients with hypertension who have no symptoms in the early stage.

There are three kinds of sphygmomanometer commonly used in learning to measure blood pressure: mercury sphygmomanometer (desktop and vertical), surface sphygmomanometer (spring-type) and electronic sphygmomanometer.

1, upper limb blood pressure measurement method

① Before measurement, take a rest (usually 15 minutes) to eliminate the influence of activities or neurological factors on blood pressure. Check the sphygmomanometer (i.e. close the valve and inflate it). If the mercury column can't rise or there is a crack, it means that there is air leakage or insufficient mercury, and the sphygmomanometer can't be used.

② Roll up the sleeves to expose the right upper arm, and take off the sleeves if necessary, so as to avoid the cuff being too tight and affecting the blood flow. The measured limb should be the same as the heart at 7J (flat, that is, the brachial artery is flat to the fourth costal cartilage when sitting, and flat to the axillary midline when lying. Stretch your elbows and slightly abduct.

(3) put the sphygmomanometer flat, turn on the mercury tank switch, and evenly wrap the middle part of the cuff airbag on the upper arm (ensure that it is pressed against the brachial artery), so that one finger can reach in, and the lower edge of the cuff should be 2? 3 centimeters.

④ Put on a stethoscope, touch the pulse of peptide artery first, and then put the chest radiograph on the brachial artery and press it slightly to fix it. The chest should not be hidden under the cuff.

⑤ Close the valve and inflate until the pulse sound of peptide artery disappears, and then increase it by 20? 30 mm Hg, and then 2? Bleeding at the speed of 4 mm Hg, make the mercury drop slowly, and look up at the scale indicated by the mercury.

⑥ When the pressure drop in the cuff is equal to the systolic pressure, blood can pass through the compressed peptide artery when the heart contracts, and the first beating sound can be heard in the stethoscope. At this point, the scale indicated by the mercury column is the systolic blood pressure reading. Then, the pulsating sound gradually increases. When the cuff pressure drops to be equal to the diastolic pressure of the heart, the beating sound suddenly weakens or disappears. At this time, the scale indicated by the mercury column is the diastolic pressure reading.

⑦ After the measurement, exhaust the residual gas in the cuff, close the valve, arrange the cuff and put it in the box, turn the cover of the sphygmomanometer 45 degrees to the right to make the mercury flow back into the tank, turn off the mercury switch and place it stably.

2. Measurement method of electronic sphygmomanometer

① Turn on the power supply and connect the inflatable plug.

② Place the sensor "0" at the pulse of brachial artery and fasten the cuff.

(3) After the button is inflated for a moment, it will beep, and the display screen will show the readings of systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

Matters needing attention in measuring blood pressure 1. To ensure the accuracy and comparability of measurement, we should do four things: set time, set position, set position and set sphygmomanometer.

2. Patients with hemiplegia, limb trauma or surgery should choose the healthy limb to measure blood pressure, so as to truly reflect the changes of blood pressure.

3. Eliminate external factors that affect blood pressure:

① The cuff is too narrow, and high air pressure can block the arterial blood flow and make the measured blood pressure higher.

② The cuff is too wide, which makes the great blood vessels compressed and makes the pulsation sound disappear before reaching the lower edge of the cuff, so the measured blood pressure is low.

③ Loose cuff makes the plastic bag spherical, which reduces the effective measurement area and makes the measured blood pressure higher.

④ Tight cuff makes blood vessels compressed before inflation, which makes the measured blood pressure low.

4. If the measured blood pressure is abnormal or the blood pressure pulse sound is unclear, the measurement should be repeated. First, exhaust the gas in the cuff, so that the mercury column drops to the "0" point, wait for a moment, and then make a second measurement, generally continuously measuring 2? 3 times, take the average.

5. When there is a difference between the sound change and the disappearance of diastolic pressure, two readings can be recorded, namely the sound change value, such as 180/90? 40 mm Hg.

What is white coat hypertension and clinical hypertension?

White coat hypertension refers to the increase of blood pressure in clinic, but the blood pressure outside the clinic is normal, so it is also called outpatient hypertension. This is the result of mental stress of people who measure blood pressure. More common in women, young people and tired people.

What are the advantages of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring? Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring uses portable sphygmomanometer to continuously measure and record 24-hour blood pressure changes. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring can understand the blood pressure changes of people in seed preparation state, so it is helpful to rule out white coat hypertension and understand the drug resistance of hypertensive patients and the adverse reactions caused by antihypertensive drugs. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring has the following benefits:

It can reflect the blood pressure of patients more comprehensively and accurately;

There is no "white coat effect";

Understanding the changes of ambulatory blood pressure in patients with hypertension can improve their compliance with drug treatment and lifestyle changes.